alter database backup controlfile to trace ；
生成的文件可以用一下sql来查询：
SELECT a.VALUE
|| b.symbol
|| c.instance_name
|| '_ora_'
|| d.spid
|| '.trc' trace_file
FROM (SELECT VALUE
FROM v$parameter
WHERE NAME = 'user_dump_dest') a,
(SELECT SUBSTR (VALUE, -6, 1) symbol
FROM v$parameter
WHERE NAME = 'user_dump_dest') b,
(SELECT instance_name
FROM v$instance) c,
(SELECT spid
FROM v$session s, v$process p, v$mystat m
WHERE s.paddr = p.addr AND s.SID = m.SID AND m.statistic# = 0) d
/
|| b.symbol
|| c.instance_name
|| '_ora_'
|| d.spid
|| '.trc' trace_file
FROM (SELECT VALUE
FROM v$parameter
WHERE NAME = 'user_dump_dest') a,
(SELECT SUBSTR (VALUE, -6, 1) symbol
FROM v$parameter
WHERE NAME = 'user_dump_dest') b,
(SELECT instance_name
FROM v$instance) c,
(SELECT spid
FROM v$session s, v$process p, v$mystat m
WHERE s.paddr = p.addr AND s.SID = m.SID AND m.statistic# = 0) d
/
也可以自己指定文件生成的位置：
alter database backup controlfile to trace as '路径/文件名'；
具体也可以参见：