AngularJS表单验证,手动验证或自动验证

AngularJS的表单验证大致有两种，一种是手动验证，一种是自动验证。


手动验证


所谓手动验证是通过AngularJS表单的属性来验证。而成为AngularJS表单必须满足两个条件：1、给form元素加上novalidate="novalidate"；2、给form元素加上name="theForm"，如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" ng-app="myApp1">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title></title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/main.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
  <div class="container">
    <div class="navbar-header">
      <a href="/" class="navbar-brand">Form Submitting</a>
    </div>
  </div>
</nav>

<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">
  <!--novalidate让表单不要使用html验证-->
  <!--theForm变成scope的一个字段-->
  <form ng-submit="onSubmit(theForm.$valid)" novalidate="novalidate" name="theForm">
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="name">Name</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name"/>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group" ng-class="{
      'has-error': !theForm.email.$valid && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted),
      'has-success': theForm.email.$valid && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)
      }">
      <label for="email">Email</label>
      <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required" name="email"/>
      <p class="help-block" ng-show="theForm.email.$error.required && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)">必填</p>
      <p class="help-block" ng-show="theForm.email.$error.email && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)">email格式不正确</p>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="username">Username</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" ng-model="formModel.username"/>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="age">Age</label>
      <input type="number" class="form-control" id="age" ng-model="formModel.age"/>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="sex">Sex</label>
      <select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex">
        <option value="">Please choose</option>
        <option value="male">Mail</option>
        <option value="femail">Femail</option>
      </select>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="password">Password</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password"/>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Register</button>
    </div>

      <pre>
        {{theForm | json}}
      </pre>
  </form>
</div>
<script src="../node_modules/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="second.js"></script>
</body>
</html>


以上，

● 给form加上novalidate="novalidate"意味着表单将不再使用HTML5验证特性
● 给form加上name="theForm"意味着表单的名称是theForm。如何使用theForm,比如我们验证表单是否被修改过theForm.$submitted
● 通过ng-submit提交表单
● formModel是$scope中的一个属性
● 对表单的Email进行了手动验证，使用了AngularJS表单的众多属性，比如theForm.email.$valid，theForm.$pristine，theForm.$submitted， theForm.email.$error.required，theForm.email.$error.email
● 通过<pre>{{theForm | json}}</pre>把AngularJS表单的所有属性都打印出来

{
  "$error": {
    "required": [
      {
        "$validators": {},
        "$asyncValidators": {},
        "$parsers": [],
        "$formatters": [
          null
        ],
        "$viewChangeListeners": [],
        "$untouched": true,
        "$touched": false,
        "$pristine": true,
        "$dirty": false,
        "$valid": false,
        "$invalid": true,
        "$error": {
          "required": true
        },
        "$name": "email",
        "$options": null
      }
    ]
  },
  "$name": "theForm",
  "$dirty": false,
  "$pristine": true,
  "$valid": false,
  "$invalid": true,
  "$submitted": false,
  "email": {
    "$validators": {},
    "$asyncValidators": {},
    "$parsers": [],
    "$formatters": [
      null
    ],
    "$viewChangeListeners": [],
    "$untouched": true,
    "$touched": false,
    "$pristine": true,
    "$dirty": false,
    "$valid": false,
    "$invalid": true,
    "$error": {
      "required": true
    },
    "$name": "email",
    "$options": null
  },
  "sex": {
    "$validators": {},
    "$asyncValidators": {},
    "$parsers": [],
    "$formatters": [],
    "$viewChangeListeners": [],
    "$untouched": true,
    "$touched": false,
    "$pristine": true,
    "$dirty": false,
    "$valid": true,
    "$invalid": false,
    "$error": {},
    "$name": "sex",
    "$options": null
  }
}

以上，凡是有name属性的input都被显示在上面。

在second.js文件中定义了module,controller以及提交表单的方法。

var myApp1 = angular.module('myApp1',[]);

myApp1.controller('myCtrl1', function($scope, $http){
    $scope.formModel = {};

    $scope.onSubmit = function(){
        $http.post('someurl',$scope.formModel)
            .success(function(data){
                console.log(':)');
            })
            .error(function(data){
                console.log(':(');
            });

        console.log($scope.formModel);
    };
});

以上的表单验证方式好处是可控性强，但相对繁琐。

自动验证



AngularJS的另外一种表单验证方式是自动验证，即通过directive来实现，除了AngularJS自带的directive,还需要用到angular-auto-validate这个第三方module。


有关angular-auto-validate：

● 网址：https://github.com/jonsamwell/angular-auto-validate
● 安装：npm i angular-auto-validate
● 引用：<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js"></script>
● module依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["jcs-autoValidate"]);


为了实现错误信息本地化，还需要angular-localize这个第三方module：

● 安装：npm install angular-localize --save
● module依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["localize"]);
● 引用：

<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js"></script>


此外，当点击提交表单按钮，需要禁用按钮并显示一种等待效果，需要用到angular-ladda这个第三方module:

● 安装：bower install angular-ladda --save
● module依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["angular-ladda"]);
● 引用：
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda-themeless.min.css"/>

<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js"></script>

页面如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" ng-app="myApp1">
<head>
  <meta charset="gb2312">
  <title></title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda-themeless.min.css"/>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/main.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
  <div class="container">
    <div class="navbar-header">
      <a href="/" class="navbar-brand">Form Validating Auto</a>
    </div>
  </div>
</nav>

<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">
  <!--novalidate让表单不要使用html验证-->
  <!--theForm变成scope的一个字段-->
  <form ng-submit="onSubmit()" novalidate="novalidate">
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="name" class="control-label">Name</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name"  required="required"/>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="email" class="control-label">Email</label>
      <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required"/>

    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="username" class="control-label">Username</label>
      <input type="text"
             class="form-control"
             id="username"
             ng-model="formModel.username"
             required="required"
             ng-pattern="/^[A-Za-z0-9_]{1,32}$/"
             ng-minlength="7"
             ng-pattern-err-type="badUsername"
        />
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="age" class="control-label">Age</label>
      <input type="number"
             class="form-control"
             id="age"
             ng-model="formModel.age"
             required="required"
             min="18"
             max="65"
             ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"
             ng-max-err-type="tooOld"
        />
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="sex" class="control-label">Sex</label>
      <select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex"  required="required">
        <option value="">Please choose</option>
        <option value="male">Mail</option>
        <option value="femail">Femail</option>
      </select>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="password" class="control-label">Password</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password"  required="required" ng-minlength="6"/>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <!--<button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="onSubmit()">Register</button>-->
      <button class="btn btn-primary"
              ladda = "submitting"
              data-style="expand-right"
              type="submit">
        <span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...</span>
        <span ng-show="!submitting">注册</span>
      </button>
    </div>

      <pre>
        {{formModel | json}}
      </pre>
  </form>
</div>
<script src="../node_modules/angular/angular.min.js"></script>

<script src="form_validation_auto.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js"></script>

<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js"></script>

</body>
</html>

以上，先看提交按钮：

<div class="form-group">
  <!--<button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="onSubmit()">Register</button>-->
  <button class="btn btn-primary"
          ladda = "submitting"
          data-style="expand-right"
          type="submit">
    <span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...</span>
    <span ng-show="!submitting">注册</span>
  </button>
</div>

● ladda属性值为bool值，true表示显示动态等待效果，false不显示动态等待效果，这里的submitting是scope中的一个属性
● data-style="expand-right"表示在按钮的右侧显示动态等待效果

再拿表单中的Age字段来说：

<div class="form-group">
  <label for="age" class="control-label">Age</label>
  <input type="number"
         class="form-control"
         id="age"
         ng-model="formModel.age"
         required="required"
         min="18"
         max="65"
         ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"
         ng-max-err-type="tooOld"
    />
</div>

其中,min, max为AgularJS的directive,而ng-min-err-type是angular-auto-validate的directive。这里遵循的惯例是ng-AngularJS表单验证的directive名称-err-type，而tooYoung和tooOld的作用是什么，又是在哪里用上了呢？


是在module层面用上了，定义在了form_validation_auto.js文件中。

var myApp1 = angular.module('myApp1',['jcs-autoValidate','localize','angular-ladda']);

myApp1.run(function(defaultErrorMessageResolver){
    defaultErrorMessageResolver.getErrorMessages().then(function(errorMessages){
        errorMessages['tooYoung'] = '年龄必须小于{0}';
        errorMessages['tooOld'] = '年龄不能大于{0}';
        errorMessages['badUsername'] = '用户名只能包含数字、字母或下划线';
    });
});

myApp1.controller('myCtrl1', function($scope, $http){
    $scope.formModel = {};
    $scope.submitting = false;

    $scope.onSubmit = function(){

        $scope.submitting = true;
        console.log('已提交');
        console.log($scope.formModel);

        $http.post('url',$scope.formModel)
            .success(function(data){
                console.log(':)');
                $scope.submitting = false;
            })
            .error(function(data){
                console.log(':(');
                $scope.submitting = false;
            });
    };
});


以上，在run方法中使用angular-auto-validate的defaultErrorMessageResolver服务，对错误信息进行为了自定义。页面上的tooYoung和tooOld和这里的errorMessages['tooYoung']和errorMessages['badUsername']对应。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/darrenji/p/5021667.html