定向网页爬虫

 1 import requests
 2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 3 import bs4
 4 
 5 #爬取定向网页的内容
 6 def getHTMLText(url):
 7     try:
 8         r = requests.get(url, timeout = 30)
 9         r.raise_for_status()
10         r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
11         return r.text
12     except:
13         print('error')
14 
15 
16 def fillUnivList(ulist, html):
17     soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
18     for tr in soup.find('tbody').children: #遍历tbody下的子标签
19         if isinstance(tr, bs4.element.Tag): #是标签类型，非字符串
20             tds = tr('td') #简写，输出列表
21             ulist.append([tds[0].string, tds[1].string, tds[2].string])
22 
23 
24 def printUnivList(ulist, num):
25     tplt = "{0:^10}	{1:{3}^10}	{2:^10}" #采用宽度不够，中文空格填充，保证中文对齐
26     print(tplt.format("排名","学校名称","省份", chr(12288)))
27     for i in range(num):
28         u=ulist[i]
29         print(tplt.format(u[0],u[1],u[2],chr(12288)))
30 
31 def main():
32     uinfo = []
33     url = 'http://www.zuihaodaxue.com/zuihaodaxuepaiming2016.html'
34     html = getHTMLText(url)
35     fillUnivList(uinfo, html)
36     printUnivList(uinfo, 20)
37 
38 main()