如何对SQL Server中的XML数据进行insert、update、delete

      SQL Server 2005/2008增加了对XML数据的支持,同时也新增了几种操作XML的方法,本文主要以SQL Server 2008为例介绍如何对XML数据进行insert、update、delete。

      SQL Server中新增加了XML.Modify()方法,分别为xml.modify(insert),xml.modify(delete),xml.modify(replace)对应XML的插入,删除和修改操作。

      本文以下面XML为例,对三种DML进行说明:

declare @XMLVar xml = '
<catalog>
 <book category="ITPro">
 <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 <author>Bill Zack</author>
 <price>49.99</price>
 </book>
 <book category="Developer">
 <title>Developing ADO .NET</title>
 <author>Andrew Brust</author>
 <price>39.93</price>
 </book>
 <book category="ITPro">
 <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
 <author>Stephen Forte</author>
 <price>59.99</price>
 </book>
</catalog>
'

1.XML.Modify(Insert)语句介绍

A.利用as first,at last,before,after四个参数将元素插入指定的位置

set @XMLVar.modify(
 'insert <first name="at first" /> as first into (/catalog[1]/book[1])')
set @XMLVar.modify(
 'insert <last name="at last"/> as last into (/catalog[1]/book[1])')
set @XMLVar.modify(
 'insert <before name="before"/> before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])')
set @XMLVar.modify(
 'insert <after name="after"/> after (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])')
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

结果集为:

 1: <book category="ITPro">
 2: <first name="at first" />
 3: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 4: <before name="before" />
 5: <author>Bill Zack</author>
 6: <after name="after" />
 7: <price>49.99</price>
 8: <last name="at last" />
 9: </book>

B.将多个元素插入文档中

--方法一:利用变量进行插入
DECLARE @newFeatures xml;
SET @newFeatures = N';
<first>one element</first>
<second>second element</second>'
SET @XMLVar.modify(' )
insert sql:variable("@newFeatures")
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
--方法二:直接插入
set @XMLVar.modify(')
insert (<first>one element</first>,<second>second element</second>)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
 
结果集为:
 
 1: <book category="ITPro">
 2:  <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 3:  <author>Bill Zack
 4:  <first>one element</first>
 5:  <second>second element</second>
 6:  </author>
 7:  <price>49.99</price>
 8:  <first>one element</first>
 9:  <second>second element</second>
 10: </book>

C.将属性插入文档中

--使用变量插入
declare @var nvarchar(10) = '变量插入'
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute var {sql:variable("@var")}))
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
--直接插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute name {"直接插入"}))
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
--多值插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute Id {"多值插入1"},attribute name {"多值插入2"}) )
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

结果集为:

 1: <book category="ITPro" var="变量插入">
 2: <title name="直接插入">Windows Step By Step</title>
 3: <author Id="多值插入1" name="多值插入2">Bill Zack</author>
 4: <price>49.99</price>
 5: </book>

D.插入文本节点

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert text{"at first"} as first)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

结果集为:

 1: <book category="ITPro">
 2: at first
 3:  <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 4:  <author>Bill Zack</author>
 5:  <price>49.99</price>
 6: </book>

注意:插入本文同样具体 as first,as last,before,after四种选项,可以参考A中的使用方法

E.插入注释节点

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert <!--插入评论-->)
before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

结果集为:

 1: <book category="ITPro">
 2: <!--插入评论-->
 3: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 4: <author>Bill Zack</author>
 5: <price>49.99</price>
 6: </book>
注意插入注释节点同样具体 as first,as last,before,after四种选项,可以参考A中的使用方法
 
 

F.插入处理指令

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert <?Program "Instructions.exe" ?>)
before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

结果集为:
 1: <book category="ITPro">
 2:  <?Program "Instructions.exe" ?>
 3:  <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 4:  <author>Bill Zack</author>
 5:  <price>49.99</price>
 6: </book>
注意插入处理指令同样具体 as first,as last,before,after四种选项,可以参考A中的使用方法

 

G.根据 if 条件语句进行插入

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert )
if (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[2]) then
 text{"this is a 1 step"}
else ( text{"this is a 2 step"} )
 into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/price[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
 1: <book category="ITPro">
 2: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 3: <author>Bill Zack</author>
 4: <price>49.99this is a 2 step</price>
 5: </book>


 

2.XML.Modify(delete)语句介绍

--删除属性
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/@category')
--删除节点
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1]')
--删除内容
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()')
--全部删除
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[2]')
 
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');

结果集为:

 1: <catalog>
 2: <book>
 3: <author />
 4: <price>49.99</price>
 5: </book>
 6: <book category="ITPro">
 7: <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
 8: <author>Stephen Forte</author>
 9: <price>59.99</price>
 10: </book>
 11: </catalog>

3.XML.Modify(replace)语句介绍

--替换属性
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of(/catalog[1]/book[1]/@category))
 with ("替换属性")'
--替换内容
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()[1]))
 with("替换内容")'
--条件替换
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of (/catalog[1]/book[2]/@category))
with(
if(count(/catalog[1]/book)>4) then
 "条件替换1"
else
 "条件替换2")'
 
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');
 
结果集为:

 1: <catalog>
 2:  <book category="替换属性">
 3:  <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
 4:  <author>替换内容</author>
 5:  <price>49.99</price>
 6:  </book>
 7:  <book category="条件替换2">
 8:  <title>Developing ADO .NET</title>
 9:  <author>Andrew Brust</author>
 10:  <price>39.93</price>
 11:  </book>
 12:  <book category="ITPro">
 13:  <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
 14:  <author>Stephen Forte</author>
 15:  <price>59.99</price>
 16:  </book>
 17: </catalog>
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/cxd4321/p/2175403.html