java-appium-527 WebDriver协议&针对控件的操作

1.WebDriver协议

https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#list-of-endpoints

1.1查看当前所有的session情况

http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub/sessions
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1418970/201810/1418970-20181005113050038-1374996098.png" width="500"

1.2查看指定session

http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub/session/${sessionId}

1.3获取source

http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub/session/${sessionId}/source

2.针对控件进行操作

• click()
• sendKeys()
• clear() 清空
• findElement() 二次定位，用的少
• getAtttibute() 获取属性
• getLocation()获取X Y
• 是否展示isDisplayed()

public class XueqiuDemo {

    private AndroidDriver driver;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
        DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "android");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "domo");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "com.xueqiu.android");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".view.WelcomeActivityAlias");
        URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub");
        driver = new AndroidDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Test
    public void sampleTest() throws InterruptedException {
        exist_do("//*[@text="允许"]").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/user_profile_icon").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login_by_phone_or_others").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println("获取某个属性getAttribute:"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getAttribute("text"));
        System.out.println("获取坐标getLocation():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getLocation());
        System.out.println("获取相对位置getRect():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getRect());
        System.out.println("获取长度和高度getSize():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getSize());
        System.out.println("获取控件的className getTagName():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getTagName());
        System.out.println("获取text属性getText()"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getText());
        System.out.println("是否展示isDisplayed()"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").isDisplayed());
        System.out.println("toString():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").toString());
        System.out.println("是否可用isEnabled():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").isEnabled());
        System.out.println("是否选中isSelected():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").isSelected());
        System.out.println("hashCode():"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").hashCode());
        System.out.println("getClass()"+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").getClass());
        //System.out.println(""+locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").sendKeys("123456789");
        //寻找子元素
        locate("//android.widget.LinearLayout[@resource-id="com.xueqiu.android:id/register_module"]").findElement(By.id("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number")).clear();

        driver.pressKeyCode(4);
    }
    public WebElement exist_do(String el){
        if (locate(el).isDisplayed()){
            return locate(el);
        }
        else{
            return  null;
        }
    }
    public WebElement locate(String locate){
        if (locate.matches("\/\/.*")){
            return  driver.findElementByXPath(locate);
        }else{
            return driver.findElementById(locate);
        }
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

执行结果：

objc[16328]: Class JavaLaunchHelper is implemented in both /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java (0x10bdb24c0) and /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/libinstrument.dylib (0x10ddf14e0). One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined.
十月 04, 2018 6:33:49 下午 io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor$1 lambda$0
信息: Detected dialect: W3C
获取某个属性getAttribute:请输入手机号
获取坐标getLocation():返回左上方的坐标(198, 655)
获取相对位置getRect():org.openqa.selenium.Rectangle@d0006a20
    getRect().width，getRect().height，返回区域大小，同getRect()
    getRect().x，getRect().y，返回左上角的坐标，同getLocation()
获取长度和高度getSize():(849, 121)
获取控件的className getTagName():android.widget.EditText
获取text属性getText()请输入手机号
是否展示isDisplayed()true
toString():[[io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver, Capabilities: {appActivity=.view.WelcomeActivityAlias, appPackage=com.xueqiu.android, databaseEnabled=false, desired={platformName=android, appActivity=.view.WelcomeActivityAlias, appPackage=com.xueqiu.android, deviceName=domo}, deviceManufacturer=Xiaomi, deviceModel=Redmi Note 5, deviceName=406e8f3, deviceScreenSize=1080x2160, deviceUDID=406e8f3, javascriptEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=true, platform=LINUX, platformName=Android, platformVersion=8.1.0, takesScreenshot=true, warnings={}, webStorageEnabled=false}] -> id: com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number]
是否可用isEnabled():true
是否选中isSelected():false
hashCode():1573
getClass()class io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement

Process finished with exit code 0

3.针对driver进行操作

• driver.getPageSource(); 可用，获取页面的source

• driver.getCapabilities(); 可用，获取capabilities

• driver.navigate().back(); 可用，后退同back

• driver.navigate().forward(); 怎么用？应用中前进失败，浏览器前进失败

• driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20,TimeUnit.SECONDS); 可用

• driver.getKeyboard().sendKeys().releaseKey().pressKey() 怎么用？字符串传入失败

• driver.rotate();切换屏幕方向

  • driver.rotate(ScreenOrientation.LANDSCAPE); 横屏
  • driver.rotate(ScreenOrientation.PORTRAIT);竖屏

• driver.execute();怎么用？传入命令失败

• driver.getAutomationName(); 如果capabilities没有传入automationName，输出null

• driver.getCurrentUrl();怎么用？方法未实现

• driver.getDeviceTime();Fri Oct 5 16:38:26 CST 2018

• driver.getPlatformName();android

• driver.hideKeyboard();可用

• driver.lockDevice(); 锁屏可用

• driver.runAppInBackground();怎么用？

• driver.openNotifications();打开通知栏

• driver.startActivity(ac);怎么用？页面没有启动

#java
    Activity ac = new Activity("com.xueqiu.android",".view.WelcomeActivityAlias");
    driver.startActivity(ac);

• shake 没有找到这个命令
• driver.getCurrentPackage();可用，返回当前包名
• driver.currentActivity();可用，返回当前页面

4.针对app操作

• driver.installApp("/Users/title.apk");可用
• driver.removeApp(bundleId);iOS专用，未验证
• driver.isAppInstalled(bundleId);iOS专用，未验证
• driver.closeApp();可用，停止应用
• driver.launchApp();可用，注意：启动过程需要时间等待。

    public void TestDriver() throws InterruptedException{
        exist_do("//*[@text="允许"]").click();
        Thread.sleep(8000);
       
        System.out.println("close app");
        driver.closeApp();
        day_time();
        Thread.sleep(10000);

        System.out.println("launch app");
        driver.launchApp();
        day_time();
        Thread.sleep(8000);
        exist_do("//*[@text="允许"]").click();
    }
    public void day_time(){
        Date date = new Date();
        SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.out.println(df.format(date));
    }

• driver.resetApp(); 重置应用
• driver.getAppStringMap()怎么用
• driver.getContextHandles();[NATIVE_APP]
• driver.getContext().toString();NATIVE_APP
• driver.context("NATIVE_APP");io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver, Capabilities: {appActivity=.view.WelcomeActivityAlias, appPackage=com.xueqiu.android, automationName=UiAutomator2, databaseEnabled=false, desired={platformName=android, appActivity=.view.WelcomeActivityAlias, appPackage=com.xueqiu.android, automationName=UiAutomator2, deviceName=domo, newCommandTimeout=1200, noReset=true}, deviceApiLevel=27, deviceManufacturer=Xiaomi, deviceModel=Redmi Note 5, deviceName=406e8f3, deviceScreenDensity=440, deviceScreenSize=1080x2160, deviceUDID=406e8f3, javascriptEnabled=true, locationContextEnabled=false, networkConnectionEnabled=true, newCommandTimeout=1200, noReset=true, pixelRatio=2.75, platform=LINUX, platformName=Android, platformVersion=8.1.0, statBarHeight=66, takesScreenshot=true, viewportRect={left=0, top=66, width=1080, height=1964}, warnings={}, webStorageEnabled=false}

5.手势操作

• press 按
• release 释放
• moveTo 滑动
• tap wait
  ** tap与click的区别：tap是针对屏幕的点击，传入的是坐标PointOption，click针对的是元素
  根据web driver协议，click需要传入element id，tap不需要
  
  
• longPress 长按
• cancel 取消
• perform 执行
• scroll 滚动执行失败
  注意：按照官方示例，代码提示参数错误。

// 示例代码https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/commands/interactions/touch/scroll.md
TouchActions action = new TouchActions(driver);
action.scroll(element, 10, 100);
action.perform();

API传参发生改变，注意参数类型，press只支持PointOption.point(x坐标，y坐标)此处为绝对坐标，

//官方示例
 @Test
    public void horizontalSwipingTest() throws Exception {
        login();
        driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("slider1").click();
        MobileElement slider = driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("slider");
        Dimension size = slider.getSize();
        TouchAction swipe = new TouchAction(driver).press(slider, 0, size.height / 2).waitAction(2000)
                .moveTo(slider, size.width / 2, size.height / 2).release();
        swipe.perform();
}

结合示例，页面滑动代码

    public void TestDriver() throws InterruptedException{
        Thread.sleep(8000);
        //获取控件列表，并迭代打印text
        List<WebElement> con = driver.findElementsById("com.xueqiu.android:id/topic_text");
        for(WebElement sub:con){
            System.out.println(sub.getText());
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        }
        TouchAction act = new TouchAction(driver).press(PointOption.point(con.get(1).getLocation().x,con.get(1).getLocation().y)).moveTo(PointOption.point(con.get(1).getLocation().x,500)).perform();
        swipeToUp(driver);
        Thread.sleep(5000);
    }

可以在SwipeClass.java中，写入滑动的方法

public class SwipeClass {
    static Duration duration=Duration.ofSeconds(1);
    public void swipeToUp(AndroidDriver driver){
        int width  = driver.manage().window().getSize().width;
        int height = driver.manage().window().getSize().height;
        TouchAction act = new TouchAction(driver).press(PointOption.point(width/2,height*3/4)).waitAction(WaitOptions.waitOptions(duration)).moveTo(PointOption.point(width/2,height/4)).release();
        act.perform();
    }
    public void swipeToDown(AndroidDriver driver){
        int width  = driver.manage().window().getSize().width;
        int height = driver.manage().window().getSize().height;
        TouchAction act = new TouchAction(driver).press(PointOption.point(width/2,height*1/4)).waitAction(WaitOptions.waitOptions(duration)).moveTo(PointOption.point(width/2,height*3/4)).release();
        act.perform();
    }
    public void swipeToLeft(AndroidDriver driver){
        int width  = driver.manage().window().getSize().width;
        int height = driver.manage().window().getSize().height;
        TouchAction act = new TouchAction(driver).press(PointOption.point(width*3/4,height/2)).waitAction(WaitOptions.waitOptions(duration)).moveTo(PointOption.point(width/4,height/2)).release();
        act.perform();
    }
    public void swipeToRight(AndroidDriver driver){
        int width  = driver.manage().window().getSize().width;
        int height = driver.manage().window().getSize().height;
        TouchAction act = new TouchAction(driver).press(PointOption.point(width/4,height/2)).waitAction(WaitOptions.waitOptions(duration)).moveTo(PointOption.point(width*3/4,height/2)).release();
        act.perform();
    }
}
//直接引用即可
 @Test
    public void TestDriver() throws InterruptedException{
        Thread.sleep(8000);
        swipe.swipeToUp(driver);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        swipe.swipeToLeft(driver);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        swipe.swipeToRight(driver);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        swipe.swipeToDown(driver);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
    }

FAQ

1.遇到不会的方法，去查看appium示例

https://github.com/appium/appium/tree/master/docs/en 有些API已经变更，不一定能用
https://github.com/appium-boneyard/sample-code GitHub可能搜索不到sample-code