Ubuntu安装后配置 by shell

每次装完Ubuntu都要配置好久，了解shell之后，发现利用shell可以帮助我完成大部分的配置工作，下面的shell脚本可能不完全适合其他人。

准备工作：新建一个文件夹记为fujian

#首先换国内源(如果已失效请另找源)
echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" > sources.list
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
cp sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
rm sources.list
#更新软件列表
apt update
#更新软件
apt -y upgrade
#安装一些必要的软件
apt install -y gcc
apt install -y g++
apt install -y make
apt install -y autoconf
#我更喜欢用gdebi来安装deb包
apt install -y gdebi
apt install -y git
apt install -y golang-go
#挺不错的屏幕录制工具
apt install -y gtk-recordmydesktop
#音量控制工具(没有它不能用耳机)
apt install -y pavucontrol
apt install -y python-pip2
#能下一些奇怪的资源(当然和迅雷还是有差距)
apt install -y qbittorrent
#用于分析二进制文件和可执行代码的工具库，做逆向的应该经常用
apt install -y binwalk
#可执行JavaScript脚本
apt install -y nodejs
#必要的压缩工具
apt install -y rar
#穷举爆破工具(支持rar,zip,7z)
apt install -y rarcrack
#这是另外一款只针对zip的破解密码的工具
apt install -y fcrackzip
apt install -y tree
apt install -y snort
#下面两行用于安装Latex
apt install -y texlive-full
apt install -y texworks
apt install -y yara
#启动盘创建器，用过，没出什么错
apt install -y usb-creator-gtk
#视频播放基本都是用它了
apt install -y vlc
#下面两行是python绘图所需依赖库
apt install -y tk-dev
apt install -y python-tk
#这是一些必备的python第三方库，使用豆瓣源下载更快
pip install numpy -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
pip install matplotlib -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
pip install requests -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
pip install tensorflow -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
#gmpy2所需依赖库，这是我打ctf要用的
apt install -y libgmp-dev
apt install -y libmpfr-dev
apt install -y libmpc-dev
pip install gmpy2 -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
#primefac库，用于分解大数，也是我打ctf要用的
pip install primefac -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
#反编译工具，将python字节码反编译为源程序
pip install uncompyle6 -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
#sagemath，也是我打ctf要用的
apt-get update
apt install -y sagemath
#在linux下文本编辑的神器vim
apt install -y vim
apt install -y vim-gnome
#下面是对vim一些配置，可根据自己的需要修改
echo "set ai
set aw
set flash
set ic
set nu
set number
set showmatch
set showmode
set showcmd
set warn
set ws
set wrap
filetype plugin on
set autoindent
set cindent
set noignorecase
set ruler
set scrolloff=5
set shiftwidth=4
set softtabstop=4
set tabstop=4
set wrap
syntax enable
syntax on
set autoindent
set smartindent
set mouse=a
set lines=24 columns=80
set helplang=cn
set guifont=Monospace 10
set showtabline=2" > vimrc
cp /etc/vim/vimrc /etc/vim/vimrc.bak
cp vimrc /etc/vim/vimrc
rm vimrc

#安装flash插件，先去官网下载.tar.gz格式的安装包,放入附件中
tar zxvf fujian/flash.tar.gz -C fujian/flash
cp fujian/flash/libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/
cp -r fujian/flash/usr/* /usr
rm -r fujian/flash
#安装jdk8，还是先下载安装包，另外版本号要与下面的版本号一致,同样放入附件中
mkdir /usr/lib/jvm
tar -zxvf fujian/jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/lib/jvm
echo "export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/java 300
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/javac 300
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/jar 300
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javah javah /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/javah 300
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javap javap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/javap 300
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jdb jdb /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_241/bin/jdb 300
update-alternatives --config java

#下载第三方的deb包(包括百度网盘,chrome浏览器,qq,网易云音乐,WPS Office,VirtualBox)
wget http://wppkg.baidupcs.com/issue/netdisk/Linuxguanjia/3.3.2/baidunetdisk_3.3.2_amd64.deb -O fujian/baidudisk.deb
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb -O fujian/chrome.deb
wget http://down.qq.com/qqweb/LinuxQQ_1/linuxqq_2.0.0-b2-1082_amd64.deb -O fujian/linuxqq.deb
wget http://d1.music.126.net/dmusic/netease-cloud-music_1.2.1_amd64_ubuntu_20190428.deb -O fujian/netease.deb
wget http://cdn2.ime.sogou.com/dl/index/1571302197/sogoupinyin_2.3.1.0112_amd64.deb -O fujian/sogoupy.deb
wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.12/virtualbox-6.1_6.1.12-139181~Ubuntu~bionic_amd64.deb -O fujian/vbox.deb
wget https://wdl1.cache.wps.cn/wps/download/ep/Linux2019/9615/wps-office_11.1.0.9615_amd64.deb -O fujian/wps-office.deb
gdebi fujian/baidudisk.deb --n
gdebi fujian/chrome.deb --n
gdebi fujian/linuxqq.deb --n
gdebi fujian/netease.deb --n
gdebi fujian/wps-office.deb --n
gdebi fujian/vbox.deb --n

将上面代码复制到Shell脚本中(不妨记为init.sh);
赋予此脚本执行权限

sudo chmod +x init.sh

然后运行此脚本，等待其安装完成即可！

sudo ./init.sh