Kubernetes-1.16部署之一 ETCD+K8s+Calico

​​​​一、环境说明

操作系统 主机名 节点及功能 IP 备注
CentOS7.7 X86_64                                     

k8s-master                            

master/etcd/registry                                   192.168.168.2                             kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、etcd、docker、calico
CentOS7.7 X86_64                                           

work-node01                                            

node01/etcd 192.168.168.3                                     kube-proxy、kubelet、etcd、docker、calico
CentOS7.7 X86_64 work-node02 node02/etcd 192.168.168.4 kube-proxy、kubelet、etcd、docker、calico

                                                  


集群功能各模块功能描述:

Master节点:
Master节点上面主要由四个模块组成,APIServer,Schedule,Controller-manager,Etcd

APIServer: APIServer负责对外提供RESTful的kubernetes API的服务,它是系统管理指令的统一接口,任何对资源的增删该查都要交给APIServer处理后再交给etcd,如图,kubectl(kubernetes提供的客户端工具,该工具内部是对kubernetes API的调用)是直接和APIServer交互的。

schedule: schedule负责调度Pod到合适的Node上,如果把scheduler看成一个黑匣子,那么它的输入是pod和由多个Node组成的列表,输出是Pod和一个Node的绑定。 kubernetes目前提供了调度算法,同样也保留了接口。用户根据自己的需求定义自己的调度算法。

controller manager: 如果APIServer做的是前台的工作的话,那么controller manager就是负责后台的。每一个资源都对应一个控制器。而control manager就是负责管理这些控制器的,比如我们通过APIServer创建了一个Pod,当这个Pod创建成功后,APIServer的任务就算完成了。

etcd:etcd是一个高可用的键值存储系统,kubernetes使用它来存储各个资源的状态,从而实现了Restful的API。

Node节点:
每个Node节点主要由三个模板组成:Kublet, Kube-proxy

kube-proxy: 该模块实现了kubernetes中的服务发现和反向代理功能。kube-proxy支持TCP和UDP连接转发,默认基Round Robin算法将客户端流量转发到与service对应的一组后端pod。服务发现方面,kube-proxy使用etcd的watch机制监控集群中service和endpoint对象数据的动态变化,并且维护一个service到endpoint的映射关系,从而保证了后端pod的IP变化不会对访问者造成影响,另外,kube-proxy还支持session affinity。

kublet:kublet是Master在每个Node节点上面的agent,是Node节点上面最重要的模块,它负责维护和管理该Node上的所有容器,但是如果容器不是通过kubernetes创建的,它并不会管理。本质上,它负责使Pod的运行状态与期望的状态一致。


二、3台主机安装前准备

1)更新软件包和内核

yum -y update

2) 关闭防火墙 

systemctl disable firewalld.service

3) 关闭SELinux

vi /etc/selinux/config
改SELINUX=enforcing为SELINUX=disabled

4)安装常用

yum -y install net-tools ntpdate conntrack-tools

5)禁用虚拟内存

sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/^(.*)$/#1/g' /etc/fstab

6)优化内核参数

# cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf  <<EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding = 1
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
EOF

# sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf 

7)配置前所有服务器做NTP时间同步

三、修改三台主机命名

1) k8s-master

hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-master

2) work-node01

hostnamectl --static set-hostname  work-node01

3) work-node02

hostnamectl --static set-hostname  work-node02

四、制作CA证书

1.创建生成证书和存放证书目录(3台主机上都进行此操作)

mkdir /root/ssl
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{conf,scripts,bin,ssl,yaml}

2.设置环境变量(3台主机上都进行此操作)

# vi /etc/profile.d/kubernetes.sh
K8S_HOME=/opt/kubernetes
export PATH=$K8S_HOME/bin:$PATH

# vi /etc/profile.d/etcd.sh
export ETCDCTL_API=3

source /etc/profile.d/kubernetes.sh
source /etc/profile.d/etcd.sh

3.安装CFSSL并复制到node01号node02节点

cd /root/ssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl*
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl-certinfo
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64  /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl_linux-amd64  /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl
scp /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl* root@192.168.168.3:/opt/kubernetes/bin
scp /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl* root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/bin

4.创建用来生成 CA 文件的 JSON 配置文件

cd /root/ssl

cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "876000h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "876000h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

server auth表示client可以用该ca对server提供的证书进行验证

client auth表示server可以用该ca对client提供的证书进行验证

5.创建用来生成 CA 证书签名请求(CSR)的 JSON 配置文件

cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

6.生成CA证书和私钥

# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
# ls ca*
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem

将SCP证书分发到各节点

# cp ca.pem ca-key.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl
# scp ca.pem ca-key.pem root@192.168.168.3:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
# scp ca.pem ca-key.pem root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

注:各node节点也需复制ca.pem和ca-key.pem

7.创建etcd证书请求

# cat > etcd-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "k8s-master",
    "work-node01",
    "work-node02",
    "192.168.168.2",
    "192.168.168.3",
    "192.168.168.4"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

8.生成 etcd 证书和私钥

# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
# ls etcd*
etcd.csr  etcd-csr.json  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem

分发证书文件

# cp /root/ssl/etcd*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl
# scp /root/ssl/etcd*.pem root@192.168.168.3:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
# scp /root/ssl/etcd*.pem root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

五、Etcd集群安装配置(配置前3台主机需时间同步)

1.修改hosts(3台主机上都进行此操作)

vi /etc/hosts

# echo '192.168.168.2 k8s-master
192.168.168.3 work-node01
192.168.168.4 work-node02' >> /etc/hosts

2.下载etcd安装包

wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.0/etcd-v3.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

3.解压安装etcd(3台主机做同样配置)

mkdir /var/lib/etcd
tar -zxvf etcd-v3.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz && cd $(ls -d etcd-*)
cp etcd etcdctl /opt/kubernetes/bin

4.创建etcd启动文件

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
 
[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/conf/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=1 /opt/kubernetes/bin/etcd"
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

将etcd.service文件分发到各node节点

scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.168.3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.168.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

5.k8s-master(192.168.168.2)编译etcd.conf文件

vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/etcd.conf

#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="k8s-master"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/k8s.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.168.2:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.168.2:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.168.2:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="k8s-master=https://192.168.168.2:2380,work-node01=https://192.168.168.3:2380,work-node02=https://192.168.168.4:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#[Security]
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"

6.work-node01(192.168.168.3)编译etcd.conf文件

vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/ectd.conf

#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="work-node01"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/k8s.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.168.3:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.168.3:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.168.3:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="k8s-master=https://192.168.168.2:2380,work-node01=https://192.168.168.3:2380,work-node02=https://192.168.168.4:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#[Security]
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"

7.work-node02(192.168.168.4)编译etcd.conf文件

vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/etcd.conf

#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="work-node02"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/k8s.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.168.4:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.168.4:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.168.4:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.168.4:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="k8s-master=https://192.168.168.2:2380,work-node01=https://192.168.168.3:2380,work-node02=https://192.168.168.4:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#[Security]
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"

8.各etcd节点启动etcd并设置开机自动启动

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start etcd.service
# systemctl status etcd.service
# systemctl enable etcd

查看etcd集群各节点健康状态

# etcdctl --cacert=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
--cert=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem 
--key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem 
--endpoints="https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379" endpoint health
https://192.168.168.2:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 37.391708ms
https://192.168.168.3:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 37.9063ms
https://192.168.168.4:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 37.364345ms
# etcdctl --write-out=table --cacert=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem --key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379" endpoint status
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
|         ENDPOINT          |        ID        | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| https://192.168.168.2:2379 | 8e26ead5138d3770 |   3.4.0 |   20 kB |      true |      false |         3 |         12 |                 12 |        |
| https://192.168.168.3:2379 | 8dda35f790d1cc37 |   3.4.0 |   16 kB |     false |      false |         3 |         12 |                 12 |        |
| https://192.168.168.4:2379 | 9c1fbda9f18d4be  |   3.4.0 |   20 kB |     false |      false |         3 |         12 |                 12 |        |
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+

查看etcd集群各节点状态

# etcdctl --cacert=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
--cert=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem 
--key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem 
--endpoints="https://192.168.168.2:2379" member list
9c1fbda9f18d4be, started, work-node02, https://192.168.168.4:2380, https://192.168.168.4:2379, false
8dda35f790d1cc37, started, work-node01, https://192.168.168.3:2380, https://192.168.168.3:2379, false
8e26ead5138d3770, started, k8s-master, https://192.168.168.2:2380, https://192.168.168.2:2379, false

六、3台主机上安装docker-engine

1.详细步骤见“Oracle Linux7安装Docker”

2.配置Docker允许在systemd模式

设置docker的JSON文件

# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://wghlmi3i.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

七、Kubernetes集群安装配置

1.下载Kubernetes源码(本次使用k8s-1.16.4)

kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz

kubernetes.tar.gz

2.解压Kubernets压缩包,生成一个kubernetes目录

tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

3.配置k8s-master(192.168.168.2)

1)将k8s可执行文件拷贝至kubernets/bin目录下

# cp -r /opt/software/kubernetes/server/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kubeadm} /opt/kubernetes/bin/

2)配置kubernetes命令自动补齐

# yum install -y bash-completion
# source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
# source <(kubectl completion bash)
# echo “source <(kubectl completion bash)” >> ~/.bashrc

3)创建生成K8S csr的JSON配置文件:

# cd /root/ssl
# cat > kubernetes-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.168.2",   //k8s-master ip,k8s集群时在此地址下还可以加一个k8s-cluster vip ip
    "192.168.168.3",
    "192.168.168.4",
    "10.1.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

注:10.1.0.1地址为service-cluster网段中第一个ip

4)在/root/ssl目录下生成k8s证书和私钥,并分发到各节点

# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes

# cp kubernetes*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
# scp kubernetes*.pem root@192.168.168.3:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
# scp kubernetes*.pem root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

5)创建生成admin证书csr的JSON配置文件

# cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

6)生成admin证书和私钥

# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
# cp admin*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

7)创建kube-apiserver使用的客户端token文件

# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/token     //在各k8s节点执行相同步骤

# export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')    //生成一个程序登录3rd_session

# cat > /opt/kubernetes/token/bootstrap-token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

8)创建基础用户名/密码认证配置

# vi /opt/kubernetes/token/basic-auth.csv        //添加如下内容
admin,admin,1
readonly,readonly,2

# kubectl config set-credentials admin 
--client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem 
--embed-certs=true 
--client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem

User "admin" set.

9)创建Kube API Server启动文件

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=etcd.service
Wants=etcd.service
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/conf/apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver 
           $KUBE_API_ADDRESS 
           $KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS 
           $KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES 
           $KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL 
           $KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes      //在各k8s节点执行相同步骤
# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes/apiserver && touch /var/log/kubernetes/apiserver/api-audit.log

10)生成日志审计功能

cat > /opt/kubernetes/yaml/audit-policy.yaml <<EOF
# Log all requests at the Metadata level.
apiVersion: audit.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Policy
omitStages:
  - "RequestReceived"
rules:
  - level: Request
    users: ["admin"]
    resources:
      - group: ""
        resources: ["*"]
  - level: Request
    user: ["system:anonymous"]
    resources:
      - group: ""
        resources: ["*"]
EOF

11)创建kube API Server配置文件并启动

# vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/apiserver.conf

## kubernetes apiserver system config
#
## The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--advertise-address=192.168.168.2 --bind-address=192.168.168.2"
 
#
## The port on the local server to listen on.
#KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
#
## Port minions listen on
#KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
#
## Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379"
 
#
## Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16"
 
#
## default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction,ValidatingAdmissionWebhook,MutatingAdmissionWebhook"
 
#
## Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS="--secure-port=6443 
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC 
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth 
  --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/token/bootstrap-token.csv 
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 
  --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 
  --audit-policy-file=/opt/kubernetes/yaml/audit-policy.yaml 
  --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  --etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  --allow-privileged=true 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes/apiserver 
  --v=4 
  --audit-policy-file=/opt/kubernetes/yaml/audit-policy.yaml 
  --audit-log-maxage=30 
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 
  --audit-log-path=/var/log/kubernetes/apiserver/api-audit.log"
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
# systemctl start kube-apiserver
# systemctl status kube-apiserver

12)创建Kube Controller Manager启动文件

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/conf/controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
mkdir /var/log/kubernetes/controller-manager

13)创建kube Controller Manager配置文件并启动

# vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/controller-manager.conf
###
# The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager
#
# defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate
#
# Add your own!
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--address=127.0.0.1 
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 
  --cluster-cidr=10.2.0.0/16 
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true 
  --cluster-name=kubernetes 
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --leader-elect=true 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=4 
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes/controller-manager"

注:--service-cluster-ip-range是服务的地址范围,--cluster-cidr是pod的地址范围

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
# systemctl status kube-controller-manager

14)创建Kube Scheduler启动文件

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/conf/scheduler.conf 
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
mkdir /var/log/kubernetes/scheduler

15)创建Kube Scheduler配置文件并启动

# vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/scheduler.conf
###
# kubernetes scheduler config
#
# default config should be adequate
#
# Add your own!
KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 
   --leader-elect=true 
   --logtostderr=true 
   --v=4 
   --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes/scheduler"
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
# systemctl start kube-scheduler
# systemctl status kube-scheduler

16)创建生成kube-proxy证书csr的JSON配置文件

# cd /root/ssl
# cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

17)生成kube-proxy证书和私钥,并分发到给节点

# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

# scp kube-proxy*.pem root@192.168.168.3:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
# scp kube-proxy*.pem root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

18)获取 bootstrap.kubeconfig 配置文件

# vi /opt/kubernetes/scripts/environment.sh

#!/bin/bash
# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(cat /opt/kubernetes/token/bootstrap-token.csv | awk -F ',' '{print $1}')
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.168.2:6443"

# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --embed-certs=true 
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap 
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} 
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default 
  --cluster=kubernetes 
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap 
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# cd /opt/kubernetes/scripts && sh environment.sh

19)获取kubelet.kubeconfig 文件

# vi /opt/kubernetes/scripts/envkubelet.kubeconfig.sh

#!/bin/bash
# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(cat /opt/kubernetes/token/bootstrap-token.csv | awk -F ',' '{print $1}')
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.168.2:6443"

# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --embed-certs=true 
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
  --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet 
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} 
  --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default 
  --cluster=kubernetes 
  --user=kubelet 
  --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet.kubeconfig

# cd /opt/kubernetes/scripts && sh envkubelet.kubeconfig.sh

20)获取kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

# vi /opt/kubernetes/scripts/env_proxy.sh

#!/bin/bash
# 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(cat /opt/kubernetes/token/bootstrap-token.csv | awk -F ',' '{print $1}')
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.168.2:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --embed-certs=true 
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy 
  --client-certificate=/root/ssl/kube-proxy.pem 
  --client-key=/root/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem 
  --embed-certs=true 
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context default 
  --cluster=kubernetes 
  --user=kube-proxy 
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

# cd /opt/kubernetes/scripts && sh env_proxy.sh

21)将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到系统集群角色

#kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap 
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper 
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created

22)分发bootstrap.kubeconfig、kubelet.kubeconfig和kube-proxy.kubeconfig三个文件到各node节点

# cd /opt/kubernetes/scripts
# cp *.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/conf
# scp *.kubeconfig root@192.168.168.3:/opt/kubernetes/conf
# scp *.kubeconfig root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/conf

23)检查集群组件健康状况

# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS      MESSAGE                                                                                           ERROR
scheduler            Healthy     ok                                                                                                
controller-manager   Healthy     ok                                                                                                
k8s-master           Healthy     {"health":"true"}                                                                                 
work-node01          Healthy     {"health":"true"}                                                                                 
work-node02          Healthy     {"health":"true"}

注:由于Kubernetes v1.16.x版bug,暂时使用如下命令查看组件健康状态

# kubectl get cs -o=go-template='{{printf "|NAME|STATUS|MESSAGE|
"}}{{range .items}}{{$name := .metadata.name}}{{range .conditions}}{{printf "|%s|%s|%s|
" $name .status .message}}{{end}}{{end}}'

|NAME|STATUS|MESSAGE|
|controller-manager|True|ok|
|scheduler|True|ok|
|etcd-1|True|{"health":"true"}|
|etcd-0|True|{"health":"true"}|
|etcd-2|True|{"health":"true"}|

4.配置work-node01/02

1)安装ipvsadm等工具(各node节点相同操作)

yum install -y ipvsadm ipset bridge-utils conntrack

2)将k8s可执行文件拷贝至kubernets/bin目录下

# tar -zxvf kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
# cp /opt/software/kubernetes/node/bin/{kube-proxy,kubelet} /opt/kubernetes/bin/
# scp /opt/software/kubernetes/node/bin/{kube-proxy,kubelet} root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

3)创建kubelet工作目录(各node节点做相同操作)

mkdir /var/lib/kubelet

4)创建kubelet配置文件和yaml文件

# vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.conf
###
## kubernetes kubelet (minion) config
#
KUBELET_ARGS="--hostname-override=192.168.168.3 
  --pod_infra_container_image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.1 
  --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/conf/bootstrap.kubeconfig 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.kubeconfig 
  --config=/opt/kubernetes/yaml/kubelet.yaml 
  --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl 
  --network-plugin=cni 
  --fail-swap-on=false 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=4 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes/kubelet"

注:hostname-override设置为各node节点主机IP,KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER可设置为私有容器仓库地址,如有可设置为KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod_infra_container_image={私有镜像仓库ip}:80/k8s/pause-amd64:v3.1"

# vi /opt/kubernetes/yaml/kubelet.yaml
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: systemd
clusterDNS: ["10.1.0.2"]
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: true
x509:
  clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
  cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
  cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
  maxPods: 110

注:address设置为各node节点的本机IP,clusterDNS设为service-cluster网段中第二个ip

mkdir -p /var/log/kubernetes/kubelet    //各node节点做相同操作

分发kubelet.conf和kubelet.yaml到各node节点

scp /opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.conf root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/conf/
scp /opt/kubernetes/yaml/kubelet.yaml root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/yaml/

5)创建Kubelet启动文件并启动

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
注:ubuntu此处为
vi /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

分发kubelet.service文件到各node节点

scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service root@192.168.168.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
注:ubuntu此处为
scp /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service root@192.168.168.4:/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl status kubelet

6)查看CSR证书请求并批准kubelet 的 TLS 证书请求(在k8s-master上执行)

# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-W4Ijt25xbyeEp_fqo6NW6UBSrzyzWmRC46V0JyM4U_o   8s    kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-c0tH_m3KHVtN3StGnlBh87g5B_54EOcR68VKL4bgn_s   85s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# kubectl get csr|grep 'Pending' | awk 'NR>0{print $1}'| xargs kubectl certificate approve
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-W4Ijt25xbyeEp_fqo6NW6UBSrzyzWmRC46V0JyM4U_o approved
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-c0tH_m3KHVtN3StGnlBh87g5B_54EOcR68VKL4bgn_s approved

# kubectl get csr      //批准申请查看后CONDITION显示Approved,Issued即可
NAME                                                   AGE     REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-W4Ijt25xbyeEp_fqo6NW6UBSrzyzWmRC46V0JyM4U_o   93s     kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued
node-csr-c0tH_m3KHVtN3StGnlBh87g5B_54EOcR68VKL4bgn_s   2m50s   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued

补充:在使用vCenter复制work-node01位work-node02节点启动kubelet报告"Unable to register node "work-node02" with API server: nodes "work-node02" is forbidden: node "work-node01" is not allowed to modify node "work-node02",此时停止work-node02节点的kubelet,并删除/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.kubeconfig文件和/opt/kubernetes/ssl目录下的kubelet-client-*.pem、kubelet.crt、kubelet.key三个文件,从k8s-master重新拷贝kubelet.kubeconfig到work-node02并重启kubelet即可

7)创建kube-proxy工作目录和日志目录(各node节点做相同操作)

# mkdir /var/lib/kube-proxy
# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes/kube-proxy

8)创建kube-proxy的启动文件

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
注:ubuntu此处为
vi /lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_ARGS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

分发kube-proxy.service到各node节点

scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service root@192.168.168.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
注:ubuntu此处为
scp /lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service root@192.168.168.4:/lib/systemd/system/

9)创建kube-proxy配置文件并启动

# vi /opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy.conf
###
# kubernetes proxy config
# Add your own!
KUBE_PROXY_ARGS="--hostname-override=192.168.168.3 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 
  --cluster-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 
  --masquerade-all 
  --feature-gates=SupportIPVSProxyMode=true 
  --proxy-mode=ipvs 
  --ipvs-min-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-scheduler=rr 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=4 
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes/kube-proxy"

注:hostname-override设置为各node节点主机IP

分发kube-proxy.conf到各node节点

scp /opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy.conf root@192.168.168.4:/opt/kubernetes/conf/
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable kube-proxy
# systemctl start kube-proxy
# systemctl status kube-proxy 

10)查看LVS状态

# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  10.1.0.1:443 rr persistent 10800
  -> 192.168.168.2:6443           Masq    1      0          0    

5.配置calico网络

1)下载calico和cni插件

在k8s-master主机执行:

# mkdir -p /etc/calico/{conf,yaml,bin} /opt/cni/bin/ /etc/cni/net.d

# wget https://github.com/projectcalico/calicoctl/releases/download/v3.10.2/calicoctl -P /etc/calico/bin
# chmod +x /etc/calico/bin/calicoctl

# cat > /etc/profile.d/calico.sh << EOF
CALICO_HOME=/etc/calico
export PATH=$CALICO_HOME/bin:$PATH
EOF
# source /etc/profile.d/calico.sh

# wget https://github.com/projectcalico/cni-plugin/releases/download/v3.10.2/calico-amd64 -P /opt/cni/bin
# mv /opt/cni/bin/calico-amd64 /opt/cni/bin/calico

# wget /https://github.com/projectcalico/cni-plugin/releases/download/v3.10.2/calico-ipam-amd64 -P /opt/cni/bin
# mv /opt/cni/bin/calico-ipam-amd64 /opt/cni/bin/calico-ipam

# mkdir /opt/software/cni-plugins
# wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.6.0/cni-plugins-amd64-v0.6.0.tgz -P /opt/software/cni-plugins
# tar -xvf /opt/software/cni-plugins/cni-plugins-amd64-v0.6.0.tgz && cp /opt/software/cni-plugins/{bandwidth,loopback,portmap,tuning} /opt/cni/bin/
# chmod +x /opt/cni/bin/*

# docker pull calico/node:v3.10.2
# docker pull calico/cni:v3.10.2
# docker pull calico/kube-controllers:v3.10.2
# docker pull calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.10.2
如node节点无法上网可从k8s-master节点复制calico镜像文件到各node节点

查看docker calico image信息

# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                        TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
calico/node                                                       v3.10.2             4a88ba569c29        6 days ago          192MB
calico/cni                                                        v3.10.2             4f761b4ba7f5        6 days ago          163MB
calico/kube-controllers                                           v3.10.2             8f87d09ab811        6 days ago          50.6MB
calico/pod2daemon-flexvol                                         v3.10.2             5b249c03bee8        6 days ago          9.78MB

2)在k8s-master创建CNI网络配置文件

# cat > /etc/cni/net.d/10-calico.conf <<EOF
{
    "name": "calico-k8s-network",
    "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
    "type": "calico",
    "etcd_endpoints": "https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379",
    "etcd_key_file": "/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem",
    "etcd_cert_file": "/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem",
    "etcd_ca_cert_file": "/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem",
    "log_level": "info",
    "mtu": 1500,
    "ipam": {
        "type": "calico-ipam"
    },
    "policy": {
        "type": "k8s"
    },
    "kubernetes": {
        "kubeconfig": "/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.kubeconfig"
    }
}
EOF

3)在k8s-master创建calico和etcd交互文件

# cat > /etc/calico/calicoctl.cfg <<EOF
apiVersion: projectcalico.org/v3
kind: CalicoAPIConfig
metadata:
spec:
  datastoreType: "etcdv3"
  etcdEndpoints: "https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379"
  etcdKeyFile: "/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
  etcdCertFile: "/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
  etcdCACertFile: "/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
EOF

4)在k8s-master获取calico.yaml

# wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.10/getting-started/kubernetes/installation/hosted/calico.yaml -P /etc/calico/yaml/

注:此处版本与docker calico image版本相同

修改calico.yaml文件内容

# cd /etc/calico/yaml
### 替换 Etcd 地址
sed -i 's@.*etcd_endpoints:.*@  etcd_endpoints: "https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379"@gi' calico.yaml

### 替换 Etcd 证书
export ETCD_CERT=`cat /opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem | base64 | tr -d '
'`
export ETCD_KEY=`cat /opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem | base64 | tr -d '
'`
export ETCD_CA=`cat /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem | base64 | tr -d '
'`

sed -i "s@.*etcd-cert:.*@  etcd-cert: ${ETCD_CERT}@gi" calico.yaml
sed -i "s@.*etcd-key:.*@  etcd-key: ${ETCD_KEY}@gi" calico.yaml
sed -i "s@.*etcd-ca:.*@  etcd-ca: ${ETCD_CA}@gi" calico.yaml

sed -i 's@.*etcd_ca:.*@  etcd_ca: "/calico-secrets/etcd-ca"@gi' calico.yaml
sed -i 's@.*etcd_cert:.*@  etcd_cert: "/calico-secrets/etcd-cert"@gi' calico.yaml
sed -i 's@.*etcd_key:.*@  etcd_key: "/calico-secrets/etcd-key"@gi' calico.yaml

### 替换 IPPOOL 地址
sed -i 's/192.168.0.0/10.2.0.0/g' calico.yaml

### 替换 MTU值
sed -i 's/1440/1500/g' calico.yaml        //按实际网络情况修改

calico资源进行配置(在master上执行)

# kubectl create -f /etc/calico/yaml/calico.yaml -n kube-system

5)查看所有namespace下面的pod/deployment

# kubectl get deployment,pod -n kube-system
NAME                                      READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/calico-kube-controllers   1/1     1            1           100m

NAME                                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/calico-kube-controllers-6dbf77c57f-snft8   1/1     Running   0          100m
pod/calico-node-6nn4x                          1/1     Running   0          100m
pod/calico-node-sns4z                          1/1     Running   0          100m

6)在k8s-master创建calico配置文件

# cat >/etc/calico/conf/calico.conf <<EOF
CALICO_NODENAME="k8s-master"
ETCD_ENDPOINTS=https://192.168.168.2:2379,https://192.168.168.3:2379,https://192.168.168.4:2379
ETCD_CA_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
CALICO_IP="192.168.168.2"
CALICO_IP6=""
CALICO_AS=""
NO_DEFAULT_POOLS=""
CALICO_NETWORKING_BACKEND=bird
FELIX_DEFAULTENDPOINTTOHOSTACTION=ACCEPT
FELIX_LOGSEVERITYSCREEN=info
EOF

注:CALICO_NODENAME设置为k8s-master节点hostname,CALICO_IP设置为k8s-master节点IP,CALICO_AS值同一IDC内设置为同一个AS号

7)在k8s-master创建calico启动文件 

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/calico.service
注:ubuntu此处为
vi /lib/systemd/system/calico.service

[Unit]
Description=calico-node
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
User=root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
EnvironmentFile=/etc/calico/conf/calico.conf
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --net=host --privileged --name=calico-node 
 -e NODENAME=${CALICO_NODENAME} 
 -e ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} 
 -e ETCD_CA_CERT_FILE=${ETCD_CA_CERT_FILE} 
 -e ETCD_CERT_FILE=${ETCD_CERT_FILE} 
 -e ETCD_KEY_FILE=${ETCD_KEY_FILE} 
 -e IP=${CALICO_IP} 
 -e IP6=${CALICO_IP6} 
 -e AS=${CALICO_AS} 
 -e NO_DEFAULT_POOLS=${NO_DEFAULT_POOLS} 
 -e CALICO_NETWORKING_BACKEND=${CALICO_NETWORKING_BACKEND} 
 -e FELIX_DEFAULTENDPOINTTOHOSTACTION=${FELIX_DEFAULTENDPOINTTOHOSTACTION} 
 -e FELIX_LOGSEVERITYSCREEN=${FELIX_LOGSEVERITYSCREEN} 
 -v /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
 -v /opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem 
 -v /opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem 
 -v /run/docker/plugins:/run/docker/plugins 
 -v /lib/modules:/lib/modules 
 -v /var/run/calico:/var/run/calico 
 -v /var/log/calico:/var/log/calico 
 -v /var/lib/calico:/var/lib/calico 
 calico/node:v3.10.2

ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker rm -f calico-node
Restart=always
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
mkdir /var/log/calico /var/lib/calico /var/run/calico
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable calico
# systemctl start calico
# systemctl status calico   

8)查看calico node信息

# calicoctl get node -o wide
NAME         ASN       IPV4              IPV6   
k8s-master   (64512)   192.168.168.2/32          
work-node01  (64512)   192.168.168.3/24          
work-node02  (64512)   192.168.168.4/24 

9)查看peer信息

# calicoctl node status
Calico process is running.

IPv4 BGP status
+---------------+-------------------+-------+----------+-------------+
| PEER ADDRESS  |     PEER TYPE     | STATE |  SINCE   |    INFO     |
+---------------+-------------------+-------+----------+-------------+
| 192.168.168.3 | node-to-node mesh | up    | 07:41:40 | Established |
| 192.168.168.4 | node-to-node mesh | up    | 07:41:43 | Established |
+---------------+-------------------+-------+----------+-------------+

IPv6 BGP status
No IPv6 peers found.

10)创建Calico IPPool

# calicoctl get ippool -o wide
NAME                  CIDR                  NAT     IPIPMODE   VXLANMODE   DISABLED   SELECTOR   
default-ipv4-ippool   192.168.0.0/16        true    Always     Never       false      all()      
default-ipv6-ippool   fd93:317a:e57d::/48   false   Never      Never       false      all()  

# calicoctl delete ippool default-ipv4-ippool
Successfully deleted 1 'IPPool' resource(s)

# calicoctl apply -f - << EOF
apiVersion: projectcalico.org/v3
kind: IPPool
metadata:
  name: cluster-ipv4-ippool
spec:
  cidr: 10.2.0.0/16
  ipipMode: CrossSubnet
  natOutgoing: true
EOF

# calicoctl get ippool -o wide
NAME                  CIDR                  NAT     IPIPMODE      VXLANMODE   DISABLED   SELECTOR   
cluster-ipv4-ippool   10.2.0.0/16           true    CrossSubnet   Never       false      all()      
default-ipv6-ippool   fd08:4d71:39af::/48   false   Never         Never       false      all() 

注:default-ipv4-ippool   192.168.0.0/16是calico初始ippool

  • Always: 永远进行 IPIP 封装(默认)
  • CrossSubnet: 只在跨网段时才进行 IPIP 封装,适合有 Kubernetes 节点在其他网段的情况,属于中肯友好方案
  • Never: 从不进行 IPIP 封装,适合确认所有 Kubernetes 节点都在同一个网段下的情况

查看路由表

# route -n
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.168.1   0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens34
10.2.88.192     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.192 U     0      0        0 *
10.2.140.64     192.168.168.3   255.255.255.192 UG    0      0        0 tunl0
10.2.196.128    192.168.168.4   255.255.255.192 UG    0      0        0 tunl0
172.17.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 docker0
192.168.168.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens34

11)查看节点状态如果是Ready的状态就说明一切正常(在k8s-master上执行)

# kubectl get node
NAME                 STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
node/192.168.168.3   Ready    <none>   53s   v1.16.4
node/192.168.168.4   Ready    <none>   53s   v1.16.4

6.部署kubernetes DNS(在master执行|本次使用k8s-1.16.4版本)

ubuntu系统解决127.0.0.53导致CoreDNS故障问题

# rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
# ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

# echo 'nameserver 1.2.4.8' >> /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf

# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost work-node01

1)下载kubernetes.tar.gz程序文件

# cd /opt/software
# tar -zxvf kubernetes.tar.gz
# mv kubernetes/cluster/addons/dns/coredns.yaml.base /opt/kubernetes/yaml/coredns.yaml

2)修改coredns.yaml配置文件

# vi /opt/kubernetes/yaml/coredns.yaml
将配置文件coredns.yaml中,修改如下三个地方为自己的domain和cluster ip地址.
1.kubernetes __PILLAR__DNS__DOMAIN__
改为 kubernetes cluster.local.

2.clusterIP: __PILLAR__DNS__SERVER__
改为:
clusterIP: 10.1.0.2

3.memory: __PILLAR__DNS__MEMORY__LIMIT__
改为
memory: 170Mi

4.image: k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2
改为
image: coredns/coredns:1.6.2

3)创建CoreDNS

# kubectl create -f coredns.yaml
serviceaccount "coredns" created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "system:coredns" created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "system:coredns" created
configmap "coredns" created
deployment.extensions "coredns" created
service "coredns" created

4)查看CoreDNS服务状态

# kubectl get deployment,pod -n kube-system -o wide
NAME                                      READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE     CONTAINERS                IMAGES                            SELECTOR
deployment.apps/calico-kube-controllers   1/1     1            1           3h43m   calico-kube-controllers   calico/kube-controllers:v3.10.2   k8s-app=calico-kube-controllers
deployment.apps/coredns                   1/1     1            1           90m     coredns                   k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2          k8s-app=kube-dns

NAME                                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP             NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
pod/calico-kube-controllers-7c4fb94b96-kdx2r   1/1     Running   1          3h43m   192.168.168.4   work-node02   <none>           <none>
pod/calico-node-8kr9t                          1/1     Running   1          3h43m   192.168.168.3   work-node01   <none>           <none>
pod/calico-node-k4vg7                          1/1     Running   1          3h43m   192.168.168.4   work-node02   <none>           <none>
pod/coredns-788bb5bd8d-ctk8f                   1/1     Running   0          15m     10.2.196.132    work-node01   <none>           <none>
# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default       kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.1.0.1     <none>        443/TCP                  42h
kube-system   kube-dns     ClusterIP   10.1.0.2     <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   158m

5)创建busybox测试CoreDNS

# mkdir /opt/pods_yaml
# cat > /opt/pods_yaml/busybox.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - image: busybox:1.28.3
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    name: busybox
  restartPolicy: Always
EOF

# kubectl create -f /opt/pods_yaml/busybox.yaml
pod/busybox created

# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP             NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
busybox   1/1     Running   0          6m14s   10.2.140.161   192.168.168.4   <none>           <none>

6)CoreDNS解析测试

# kubectl exec busybox cat /etc/resolv.conf                
nameserver 10.1.0.2
search default.svc.cluster.local. svc.cluster.local. cluster.local.
options ndots:5

# kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup www.baidu.com
Server:    10.1.0.2
Address 1: 10.1.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      www.baidu.com
Address 1: 2408:80f0:410c:1c:0:ff:b00e:347f
Address 2: 2408:80f0:410c:1d:0:ff:b07a:39af
Address 3: 61.135.169.125
Address 4: 61.135.169.121

# kubectl exec -i --tty busybox /bin/sh
/ # nslookup kubernetes
Server:    10.1.0.2
Address 1: 10.1.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      kubernetes
Address 1: 10.1.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local

注:如果执行kubectl exec busybox时报如下错误,可按以下方法临时解决

# kubectl exec busybox cat /etc/resolv.conf
error: unable to upgrade connection: Forbidden (user=system:anonymous, verb=create, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy)

# kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:anonymous
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:anonymous created
一入运维深似海,从此不见彼岸花
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/cn-jasonho/p/13285602.html