full description：
http://docs.python.org/2/library/exceptions.html
1、NameError：尝试访问一个未申明的变量
>>> v
NameError: name 'v' is not defined
2、ZeroDivisionError：除数为0
>>> v = 1/0
ZeroDivisionError: int division or modulo by zero
3、SyntaxError：语法错误
>>> int int
SyntaxError: invalid syntax (<pyshell#14>, line 1)
4、IndexError：索引超出范围
>>> List = [2]
>>> List[3]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#18>", line 1, in <module>
List[3]
IndexError: list index out of range
5、KeyError：字典关键字不存在
>>> Dic = {'1':'yes', '2':'no'}
>>> Dic['3']
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#20>", line 1, in <module>
Dic['3']
KeyError: '3'
6、IOError：输入输出错误
>>> f = open('abc')
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'abc'
7、AttributeError：访问未知对象属性
>>> class Worker:
def Work():
print("I am working")
>>> w = Worker()
>>> w.a
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#51>", line 1, in <module>
w.a
AttributeError: 'Worker' object has no attribute 'a'
8、ValueError：数值错误
>>> int('d')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#54>", line 1, in <module>
int('d')
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'd'
9、TypeError：类型错误
>>> iStr = '22'
>>> iVal = 22
>>> obj = iStr + iVal;
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#68>", line 1, in <module>
obj = iStr + iVal;
TypeError: Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly
10、AssertionError：断言错误
>>> assert 1 != 1
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#70>", line 1, in <module>
assert 1 != 1
AssertionError