一个高级的makefile文件

该Makefile适用于最后生成若干个可执行文件的小型C/C++工程，只要将该Makefile放在源码根目录下make，它会自动查找该目录下（包括子目录）的所有源码文件(支持.cpp .c .h格式)并自动生成正确的依赖关系，并且为了不污染源码文件夹，源码和编译过程中的中间文件会分开（Debug模式编译生成的中间文件在Debug目录下，Release模式在Release目录下）。

 1 ###########################################################
 2 #
 3 # MAKEFILE FOR C/C++ PROJECT
 4 # Author: Abbey (Abbeychenx@gmail.com)
 5 # Date:   2014/07/07
 6 #
 7 ###########################################################
 8 
 9 .PHONY: all clean
10 all: 
11 
12 # annotation when release version
13 DEBUG       := y
14 TARGET_PROG := main
15 
16 # project directory        
17 DEBUG_DIR   := ./Debug
18 RELEASE_DIR := ./Release
19 BIN_DIR     := $(if $(DEBUG), $(DEBUG_DIR), $(RELEASE_DIR))
20 
21 # shell command
22 CC    := gcc
23 CXX   := g++
24 RM    := rm -rf
25 MKDIR := mkdir -p
26 SED   := sed
27 MV    := mv
28 
29 # init sources & objects & depends
30 sources_all := $(shell find . -name "*.c" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.h")
31 sources_c   := $(filter %.c, $(sources_all))
32 sources_cpp := $(filter %.cpp, $(sources_all))
33 sources_h   := $(filter %.h, $(sources_all))
34 objs        := $(addprefix $(BIN_DIR)/,$(strip $(sources_cpp:.cpp=.o) $(sources_c:.c=.o)))
35 deps        := $(addprefix $(BIN_DIR)/,$(strip $(sources_cpp:.cpp=.d) $(sources_c:.c=.d)))
36 
37 # create directory
38 $(foreach dirname,$(sort $(dir $(sources_c) $(sources_cpp))),
39   $(shell $(MKDIR) $(BIN_DIR)/$(dirname)))
40 
41 # complie & link variable
42 CFLAGS     := $(if $(DEBUG),-g -O, -O2)
43 CFLAGS     += $(addprefix -I ,$(sort $(dir $(sources_h))))
44 CXXFLAGS    = $(CFLAGS)
45 LDFLAGS    := 
46 LOADLIBES  += #-L/usr/include/mysql
47 LDLIBS     += #-lpthread -lmysqlclient
48 
49 # add vpath
50 vpath %.h $(sort $(dir $(sources_h)))
51 vpath %.c $(sort $(dir $(sources_c)))
52 vpath %.cpp $(sort $(dir $(sources_cpp)))
53 
54 # generate depend files
55 # actually generate after object generated, beacasue it only used when next make)
56 ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
57 sinclude $(deps)
58 endif
59 
60 # make-depend(depend-file,source-file,object-file,cc)
61 define make-depend
62   $(RM) $1;                                     
63   $4 $(CFLAGS) -MM $2 |                         
64   $(SED) 's,($(notdir $3)): ,$3: ,' > $1.tmp; 
65   $(SED) -e 's/#.*//'                           
66          -e 's/^[^:]*: *//'                     
67          -e 's/ *\$//'                        
68          -e '/^$/ d'                           
69          -e 's/$/ :/' < $1.tmp >> $1.tmp;      
70   $(MV) $1.tmp $1;
71 endef
72 
73 # rules to generate objects file
74 $(BIN_DIR)/%.o: %.c
75         @$(call make-depend,$(patsubst %.o,%.d,$@),[        DISCUZ_CODE_0        ]lt;,$@,$(CC))
76         $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ -c [        DISCUZ_CODE_0        ]lt;
77 
78 $(BIN_DIR)/%.o: %.cpp
79         @$(call make-depend,$(patsubst %.o,%.d,$@),[        DISCUZ_CODE_0        ]lt;,$@,$(CXX))
80         $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@ -c [        DISCUZ_CODE_0        ]lt;
81 
82 # add-target(target,objs,cc)
83 define add-target
84   REAL_TARGET += $(BIN_DIR)/$1
85   $(BIN_DIR)/$1: $2
86         $3 $(LDFLAGS) $^ $(LOADLIBES) $(LDLIBS) -o $@
87 endef
88 
89 # call add-target
90 $(foreach targ,$(TARGET_PROG),$(eval $(call add-target,$(targ),$(objs),$(CXX))))
91 
92 all: $(REAL_TARGET) $(TARGET_LIBS)
93 
94 clean: 
95         $(RM) $(BIN_DIR)