python使用笔记19--网络操作

1.get请求

1 import requests
2 import datetime
3 #get请求
4 url = 'http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/stu_info'
5 req = requests.get(url,params={'stu_name':'abc'})
6 print(req.json())#返回的json直接帮你转成了字典
7 print(req.text)#返回的就是字符串,如果返回的不是json，就要用他了
8 print(req.status_code)#返回http的状态码
9 print(req.content)#返回bytes类型的，下载文件的时候用他

2.post请求

1 #post请求
2 url1="http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/login"
3 req1 = requests.post(url1,data={'username':'niuhanyang','passwd':'aA123456'})
4 print(req1.json())

3.上传header，cookie

 1 #发送header，cookie
 2 url="https://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/get_group_list"
 3 data = {'bkn':2087042978}
 4 
 5 #第一种传cookie的方式：将cookie值转为字典，再当做参数传入
 6 # d = {'pgv_pvi': '7783950336', ' pgv_pvid': '8908705984', ' RK': 'x9TQxyyNRp', ' ptcz': 'd3d09a82f55c4d70013f0c76c2999c164031500b8ad8275f2cedc1ad7eb6f645', ' o_cookie': '1123414020', ' pgv_si': 's2724760576', ' _qpsvr_localtk': '0.0546430314947981', ' uin': 'o1123414020', ' skey': '@B8DwKlUlP', ' p_uin': 'o1123414020', ' pt4_token': 'NpLWPKFVGpKOwzOwrim-645X*Y7Rb94Q0Inq*AMdFt0_', ' p_skey': 'DD4luaI4E2Br3138sblEuuiLgP8OmZL-ZaE6F6FzcsM_', ' traceid': 'd5d6556693'}
 7 # req = requests.post(url,data,cookies=d)
 8 # print(req.json())
 9 
10 #第二种传cookie的方式：直接把cookie当做字符串，传入
11 header = {'cookie':'pgv_pvi=7783950336; pgv_pvid=8908705984; RK=x9TQxyyNRp; ptcz=d3d09a82f55c4d70013f0c76c2999c164031500b8ad8275f2cedc1ad7eb6f645; o_cookie=1123414020; pgv_si=s2724760576; _qpsvr_localtk=0.0546430314947981; uin=o1123414020; skey=@B8DwKlUlP; p_uin=o1123414020; pt4_token=NpLWPKFVGpKOwzOwrim-645X*Y7Rb94Q0Inq*AMdFt0_; p_skey=DD4luaI4E2Br3138sblEuuiLgP8OmZL-ZaE6F6FzcsM_; traceid=d5d6556693'}
12 req = requests.post(url,data,headers=header)
13 print(req.json())

4.上传json

1 #传json
2 url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=44402c9408df8cf3f429c02a20399fc34604f98cf572fcaeaa3f9592426176a7'
3 today = datetime.datetime.now()
4 d = {"msgtype": "text","text": {"content": "现在是%s，大家不要忘记写作业哦！暗号：besttest"%today} }
5 # d = {"msgtype": "text","text": {"content": "我就是我，不一样的烟火1111"} }
6 req = requests.post(url,json=d)#指定上传参数类型为json
7 print(req.json())
8 print(req.cookies)#获取cookies

5.下载图片

1 #下载图片
2 url = 'https://q4.qlogo.cn/g?b=qq&nk=1123414020&s=140'
3 req = requests.get(url)
4 f = open('xxl.jpg','wb')
5 f.write(req.content)
6 f.close()

6.上传图片

#上传文件
url = 'http://127.0.0.1/api/file/file_upload'
f = open('student.xls','rb')
data = {'file': f}
req = requests.post(url,files = data)#指定上传参数类型为files
print(req.json())
f.close()