nginx

nginx 查看配置文件
首先执行命令找到nginx路径
ps aux | grep nginx
如nginx路径为
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

nginx -t #可以查到配置文件的信息
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nginx 安装

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.6.2.tar.gz
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel
tar -xf php-5.6.2.tar.gz
cd php-5.6.2
find / -name mysql
/var/lib/mysql
ll /var/lib/mysql
./configure -enable-fpm -enable-mbstring -with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql
find / -name mysql.h
yum list mysql-devel
./configure -enable-fpm -enable-mbstring -with-mysql=/usr;
#这个配置比较全
#./configure --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-ftp --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-gettext --disable-fileinfo --enable-opcache --enable-intl --with-xsl
make;
#make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'  #collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make install 
php -v 
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/lib/php.ini
cp /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp ./sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
yum -y install pcre*
yum -y install openssl*
wget mirrors.sohu.com/nginx/nginx-1.9.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.9.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install
find / -name nginx; #/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx; #启动 nginx 进程
find / -name nginx.conf;
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf; #进行配置
killall nginx; #杀掉进程
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s start; #启动
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload; #平滑启动配置
vi /etc/rc.local; #配置开机启动

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nginx 简单操作
killall nginx - 直接关闭进程
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx - 这样开启进程
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload - 重新加载配置
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop - 停止
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nginx 开机启动
在 /etc/rc.local 文件，增加一行 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
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首次配置文

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /usr/local/nginx/host/*.conf; #可以把配置文件分成多个，不必全部网站的配置都写在一起。

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
server {
        listen      80;
        charset     GBK;
        server_name localhost 192.168.2.31;
        root        /var/www/html/localhost;
        access_log  logs/$fastcgi_script_name.log;
        #location    / { index index.php;}
        location    ~ .*.(php|PHP)?$ {
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/localhost$fastcgi_script_name; #我擅作主张把$fastcgi_script_name，导致提示access denied错误
                include        fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        }
}


****************************************** 2016-07-26 ******************************************
2016/07/26 11:30:07 [crit] 16632#0: *1070 open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs//****/makehtml_archives_action.php.log" failed (2: No such file or directory) while logging request, client: 19.155.66.50, server: localhost, request: "GET /****/makehtml_archives_action.php?endid=0&startid=0&typeid=0&totalnum=3077&startdd=2640&pagesize=20&seltime=0&sstime=1469503757&stime=&etime=&uptype=mkall&mkvalue=0&isremote=0&serviterm= HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "**********", referrer: "http://*********/***********/makehtml_archives_action.php?endid=0&startid=0&typeid=0&totalnum=3077&startdd=2620&pagesize=20&seltime=0&sstime=1469503757&stime=&etime=&uptype=mkall&mkvalue=0&isremote=0&serviterm="

nginx 的 error_log 日志经常提示这个。应该是配置文件的 access.log 没配置好。配置文件中的 $fastcgi_script_name 应该指的是运行文件的名称。修改为：

server {
        listen      6080;
        charset     UTF8;
        server_name localhost;
        root        /var/www/html/mmgsj;
        access_log  logs/access.log-mmgjs;
        #location    / { index index.php;}
        location    ~ .*.(php|PHP)?$ {
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/mmgsj$fastcgi_script_name;
                include        fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        }
}
rewrite 例子
rewrite ^(.*)-htm-(.*)$ $1.php?$2 last;
rewrite ^(.*)/simple/([a-z0-9\_]+.html)$ $1/simple/index.php?$2 last;
rewrite ^(.*)/data/(.*).(htm|php)$ 404.html last;
rewrite ^(.*)/attachment/(.*).(htm|php)$ 404.html last;
rewrite ^(.*)/html/(.*).(htm|php)$ 404.html last;

 ThinkPHP 配置的例子

server {
        listen      80;
        charset     UTF8;
        server_name test.com;
        root        /var/www/html/test;

        access_log  logs/access.log-test;

        #location ~ .*.(php|PHP)?$ {
        #        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/test_soso$fastcgi_script_name;
        #        include        fastcgi_params;
        #        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        #}

        #去掉$是为了不匹配行末，即可以匹配.php/，以实现pathinfo
        #如果你不需要用到php5后缀，也可以将其去掉
        location ~ .php
        {
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/test_soso$fastcgi_script_name;
                include        fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

                #定义变量 $path_info ，用于存放pathinfo信息
                set $path_info "";
                #定义变量 $real_script_name，用于存放真实地址
                set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;

                #如果地址与引号内的正则表达式匹配
                if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?.php)(/.+)$") {
                        #将文件地址赋值给变量 $real_script_name
                        set $real_script_name $1;
                        #将文件地址后的参数赋值给变量 $path_info
                        set $path_info $2;
                }
                #配置fastcgi的一些参数
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name;
                fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        }

}

  配置 Laravel 的例子  

server {
        listen      80;
        charset     UTF8;
        server_name www.mylaravel.com;
        set $root_path '/var/www/html/laravel';
        root        $root_path;
        access_log  logs/access.laravel.log;
        error_log   logs/error.laravel.log;

        location / {
                rewrite ^(.*)$ /public/index.php last;
        }

        location ~ .*.(js|css|svg|jpg|ttf|woff2|woff|png)$ {
                root $root_path/public/;
        }

        location ~ .*.(php|PHP)?$ {
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $root_path$fastcgi_script_name;
                include        fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        }
}
location /qyapi/ {
       rewrite ^(.*)$ /qyapi/public/index.php last;
}

location ~ /qyapi/.*.(html|htm)$ {
       root $root_path/;
}

location ~ /qyapi/.*.(js|css|svg|jpg|ttf|woff2|woff|png)$ {
       root $root_path/;
}
下面是php 5.3以上版本将TCP改成socket方式的配置方法：

修改php-fpm.conf（/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf）

;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen = /dev/shm/php-cgi.sock

修改nginx配置文件server段的配置，将http的方式改为socket方式

location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$  {
                #fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_pass   unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                include fastcgi.conf;
        }

重启php-fpm与nginx

service nginx restart
service php-fpm restart
ls -al /dev/shm

可以看到php-cgi.sock文件unix套接字类型

理论上，unix socket 不走网络，效率高一些，但稳定性不是很理想，看这个测试：
alias
location /abc/ {     alias /home/html/abc/; }
#在这段配置下，http://test/abc/a.html就指定的是 /home/html/abc/a.html。这段配置亦可改成

root
location /abc/ {     root /home/html/;}
#可以看到，使用root设置目录的绝对路径时，少了/abc,也就是说，使用root来设置前端非根目录时，nginx会组合root和location的路径。
#另外，使用alias时目录名后面一定要加“/”

问题与解决

1. php-fpm.log日志文件，提示错误
server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
把  pm.max_children 设置为 500
后来又提示
you may need to increase pm.start_servers, or pm.min/max_spare_servers

location 的配置

location 优先级官方文档

    Directives with the = prefix that match the query exactly. If found, searching stops.
    All remaining directives with conventional strings, longest match first. If this match used the ^~ prefix, searching stops.
    Regular expressions, in order of definition in the configuration file.
    If #3 yielded a match, that result is used. Else the match from #2 is used.

    1. =前缀的指令严格匹配这个查询。如果找到，停止搜索。
    2. 所有剩下的常规字符串，最长的匹配。如果这个匹配使用^〜前缀，搜索停止。
    3. 正则表达式，在配置文件中定义的顺序。
    4. 如果第3条规则产生匹配的话，结果被使用。否则，使用第2条规则的结果。

http://www.nginx.cn/115.html

https://linux.cn/article-5714-1.html


配置 nginx.service

# /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/chy1000/p/5610931.html