Nodejs cannot find installed module on Windows
问题
I am learning nodejs at the moment on Windows. Several modules are installed globally with npm.cmd, and nodejs failed to find the installed modules. Take jade for example,
npm install jade -g
Jade is installed in directory "C:Program Files (x86)
odejs
ode_modules", but the following code will fail with a "Cannot find module 'jade'" error,
var jade = require('jade');
However, the code will run successfully when jade is locally installed (without -g option in npm). I don't want to use locally-installed modules, it's a waste of disk space for me. How can I make the globally-installed modules work on Windows?
回答
Add an environment variable called NODE_PATH and set it to %USERPROFILE%Application Data
pm
ode_modules (Windows XP), %AppData%
pm
ode_modules (Windows 7/8/10), or wherever npm ends up installing the modules on your Windows flavor. To be done with it once and for all, add this as a System variable in the Advanced tab of the System Properties dialog (run control.exe sysdm.cpl,System,3).
Quick solution in Windows 7+ is to just run:
rem for future
setx NODE_PATH %AppData%
pm
ode_modules
rem for current session
set NODE_PATH=%AppData%
pm
ode_modules
It's worth to mention that NODE_PATH is only used when importing modules in Node apps. When you want to use globally installed modules' binaries in your CLI you need to add it also to your PATH, but without node_modules part (for example %AppData%
pm in Windows 7/8/10).
Old story
I'm pretty much new to node.js myself so I can be not entirely right but from my experience it's works this way:
- -g is not a way to install global libraries, it's only a way to place them on system path so you can call them from command line without writing the full path to them. It is useful, for example, then node app is converting local files, like less — if you install it globally you can use it in any directory.
- node.js itself didn't look at the npm global dir, it is using another algorithm to find required files: http://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_file_modules (basically its scanning every folder in the path, starting from the current for node_modules folder and checks it).
See similar question for more details: How do I install a module globally using npm?
win10添加一个新的环境变量
NODE_PATH 对应的值是%AppData%
pm
ode_modules