Netty源码分析——NioEventLoop接受客户端连接流程

上一节说完channel注册，本节来说明新链接的注册流程，这里的前提是已经有正在监控NioServerSocketChannel的EventLoop正在运行。

所以本节的入口是，下面代码的红色部分

    @Override
    protected void run() {
        for (;;) {
            try {
                switch (selectStrategy.calculateStrategy(selectNowSupplier, hasTasks())) {
                    case SelectStrategy.CONTINUE:
                        continue;
                    case SelectStrategy.SELECT:
                        select(wakenUp.getAndSet(false));


                        if (wakenUp.get()) {
                            selector.wakeup();
                        }
                    default:
                        // fallthrough
                }

                cancelledKeys = 0;
                needsToSelectAgain = false;
                final int ioRatio = this.ioRatio;
                if (ioRatio == 100) {
                    try {
                        processSelectedKeys();
                    } finally {
                        // Ensure we always run tasks.
                        runAllTasks();
                    }
                } else {
                    final long ioStartTime = System.nanoTime();
                    try {
                        processSelectedKeys();
                    } finally {
                        // Ensure we always run tasks.
                        final long ioTime = System.nanoTime() - ioStartTime;
                        runAllTasks(ioTime * (100 - ioRatio) / ioRatio);
                    }
                }
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                handleLoopException(t);
            }
            // Always handle shutdown even if the loop processing threw an exception.
            try {
                if (isShuttingDown()) {
                    closeAll();
                    if (confirmShutdown()) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                handleLoopException(t);
            }
        }
    }

debug代码会进入processSelectedKeysOptimized方法，这是要连接一个socket，可以使用网络调试助手。

    private void processSelectedKeysOptimized(SelectionKey[] selectedKeys) {
        for (int i = 0;; i ++) {
            final SelectionKey k = selectedKeys[i];
            if (k == null) {   //没有新连接时会走这里，退出
                break;
            }
            // null out entry in the array to allow to have it GC'ed once the Channel close
            // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2363
            selectedKeys[i] = null;

            final Object a = k.attachment();

            if (a instanceof AbstractNioChannel) {
                processSelectedKey(k, (AbstractNioChannel) a);   //有新连接来时，会到这里
            } else {
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                NioTask<SelectableChannel> task = (NioTask<SelectableChannel>) a;
                processSelectedKey(k, task);
            }

            if (needsToSelectAgain) {
                // null out entries in the array to allow to have it GC'ed once the Channel close
                // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2363
                for (;;) {
                    i++;
                    if (selectedKeys[i] == null) {
                        break;
                    }
                    selectedKeys[i] = null;
                }

                selectAgain();
                // Need to flip the optimized selectedKeys to get the right reference to the array
                // and reset the index to -1 which will then set to 0 on the for loop
                // to start over again.
                //
                // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/1523
                selectedKeys = this.selectedKeys.flip();
                i = -1;
            }
        }
    }

连接到来时会进入processSelectedKey方法，处理新链接。

    private void processSelectedKey(SelectionKey k, AbstractNioChannel ch) {
        final AbstractNioChannel.NioUnsafe unsafe = ch.unsafe();
        if (!k.isValid()) {
            final EventLoop eventLoop;
            try {
                eventLoop = ch.eventLoop();
            } catch (Throwable ignored) {
                // If the channel implementation throws an exception because there is no event loop, we ignore this
                // because we are only trying to determine if ch is registered to this event loop and thus has authority
                // to close ch.
                return;
            }
            // Only close ch if ch is still registerd to this EventLoop. ch could have deregistered from the event loop
            // and thus the SelectionKey could be cancelled as part of the deregistration process, but the channel is
            // still healthy and should not be closed.
            // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/5125
            if (eventLoop != this || eventLoop == null) {
                return;
            }
            // close the channel if the key is not valid anymore
            unsafe.close(unsafe.voidPromise());
            return;
        }

        try {
            int readyOps = k.readyOps();  //这里应该为16，代表接受连接
            // We first need to call finishConnect() before try to trigger a read(...) or write(...) as otherwise
            // the NIO JDK channel implementation may throw a NotYetConnectedException.
            if ((readyOps & SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT) != 0) {
                // remove OP_CONNECT as otherwise Selector.select(..) will always return without blocking
                // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/924
                int ops = k.interestOps();
                ops &= ~SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT;
                k.interestOps(ops);

                unsafe.finishConnect();
            }

            // Process OP_WRITE first as we may be able to write some queued buffers and so free memory.
            if ((readyOps & SelectionKey.OP_WRITE) != 0) {
                // Call forceFlush which will also take care of clear the OP_WRITE once there is nothing left to write
                ch.unsafe().forceFlush();
            }

            // Also check for readOps of 0 to workaround possible JDK bug which may otherwise lead
            // to a spin loop
            if ((readyOps & (SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT)) != 0 || readyOps == 0) {
                unsafe.read();  //进入这个方法处理
                if (!ch.isOpen()) {
                    // Connection already closed - no need to handle write.
                    return;
                }
            }
        } catch (CancelledKeyException ignored) {
            unsafe.close(unsafe.voidPromise());
        }
    }

继续跟unsefe.read()方法

        public void read() {
            assert eventLoop().inEventLoop();
            final ChannelConfig config = config();
            final ChannelPipeline pipeline = pipeline();
            final RecvByteBufAllocator.Handle allocHandle = unsafe().recvBufAllocHandle();
            allocHandle.reset(config);

            boolean closed = false;
            Throwable exception = null;
            try {
                try {
                    do {
                        int localRead = doReadMessages(readBuf);  //这里处理新链接
                        if (localRead == 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                        if (localRead < 0) {
                            closed = true;
                            break;
                        }

                        allocHandle.incMessagesRead(localRead);
                    } while (allocHandle.continueReading());
                } catch (Throwable t) {
                    exception = t;
                }

                int size = readBuf.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i ++) {
                    readPending = false;
                    pipeline.fireChannelRead(readBuf.get(i));  //这里处理接受的连接
                }
                readBuf.clear();
                allocHandle.readComplete();
                pipeline.fireChannelReadComplete();

                if (exception != null) {
                    closed = closeOnReadError(exception);

                    pipeline.fireExceptionCaught(exception);
                }

                if (closed) {
                    inputShutdown = true;
                    if (isOpen()) {
                        close(voidPromise());
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                // Check if there is a readPending which was not processed yet.
                // This could be for two reasons:
                // * The user called Channel.read() or ChannelHandlerContext.read() in channelRead(...) method
                // * The user called Channel.read() or ChannelHandlerContext.read() in channelReadComplete(...) method
                //
                // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2254
                if (!readPending && !config.isAutoRead()) {
                    removeReadOp();
                }
            }
        }

继续进入doReadMessages方法，

    @Override
    protected int doReadMessages(List<Object> buf) throws Exception {
        SocketChannel ch = javaChannel().accept();   //这里获取了接受的新链接

        try {
            if (ch != null) {
                buf.add(new NioSocketChannel(this, ch)); //这里包装成了NioSocketChannel，并加入到集合
                return 1;
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            logger.warn("Failed to create a new channel from an accepted socket.", t);

            try {
                ch.close();
            } catch (Throwable t2) {
                logger.warn("Failed to close a socket.", t2);
            }
        }

        return 0;
    }

接着执行pipeline.fireChannelRead(readBuf.get(i)); 上一节提过，当前的channelpiline中存在一个处理连接的ServerBootstrapAcceptor入站处理器，会在这个处理器中处理新的连接，会执行下面的代码。

具体怎么到下面的代码的后续会详细说明，channelpipline中的调用关系。

        public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
            final Channel child = (Channel) msg;

            child.pipeline().addLast(childHandler);  //会将用户自定义的channelhandler加入到channelpipline，用户来处理发送或接受的业务数据

            for (Entry<ChannelOption<?>, Object> e: childOptions) {
                try {
                    if (!child.config().setOption((ChannelOption<Object>) e.getKey(), e.getValue())) {
                        logger.warn("Unknown channel option: " + e);
                    }
                } catch (Throwable t) {
                    logger.warn("Failed to set a channel option: " + child, t);
                }
            }

            for (Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object> e: childAttrs) {
                child.attr((AttributeKey<Object>) e.getKey()).set(e.getValue());
            }

            try {
                childGroup.register(child).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {   //将新接受的连接注册到worker时间循环的一个EventLoop线程上，具体执行步骤与NioServerSocketChannel注册到EventLoop原理一样，不再赘述
                    @Override
                    public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
                        if (!future.isSuccess()) {
                            forceClose(child, future.cause());
                        }
                    }
                });
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                forceClose(child, t);
            }
        }

至此，bossGroup监控一个新连接的流程梳理完成，其实workerGroup监听NIoSocketChannel事件的读写流程与这个流程基本一致，各位同学可以自己去阅读源码，自己感受。