1 Oracle11gR2 dbca建库
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/database
[oracle@localhost database]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -characterSet ZHS16GBK
Enter SYS user password:
Enter SYSTEM user password:
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
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37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
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60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
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100% complete
Look at the log file "/home/oracle/app/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.
2 Oracle11gR2手工建库
2.1.指定Oracle SID
[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
2.2.设置环境变量
[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_BASE
/home/oracle/app
由于这些参数已经在安装oracle软件的时候写入了环境变量，这里就不再修改
2.3.选择认证方式，创建密码文件
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ orapwd file=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl entries=30
Enter password for SYS:
2.4.创建参数文件
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cp init.ora initorcl.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
init.ora initorcl.ora orapworcl
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ vim initorcl.ora
# Change '<ORACLE_BASE>' to point to the oracle base (the one you specify at
# install time)
db_name='ORCL'
memory_target=900m
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/home/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='/home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/home/oracle/app'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
# You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical
# devices
control_files = ('/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl', '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl')
compatible ='11.2.0'
"initorcl.ora" 66L, 2856C written
#注：需要根据参数文件中的参数创建相应的目录,创建后重新赋一次权限
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area
[root@localhost oradata]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app /oradata/orcl
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app/
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/app/
2.5.连接到数据库,启动到nomount状态
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat Nov 19 02:09:58 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 939495424 bytes
Fixed Size 2258840 bytes
Variable Size 595593320 bytes
Database Buffers 335544320 bytes
Redo Buffers
2.6. 执行建库脚本
SQL> CREATE DATABASE orcl
2 USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
3 USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
4 LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo01a.log','/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
5 GROUP 2 ('/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo02a.log','/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
6 GROUP 3 ('/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo03a.log','/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
7 MAXLOGFILES 5
8 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
9 MAXLOGHISTORY 1
10 MAXDATAFILES 100
11 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
12 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
13 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
14 DATAFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
15 SYSAUX DATAFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
16 DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
17 DATAFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'
18 SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
19 DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
20 TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
21 SIZE 20M REUSE
22 UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1
23 DATAFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf'
24 SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
Database created.
2.7. 执行创建数据字典脚本
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql #需使用system用户执行