GD库检测
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
GD库安装
• Windows 使用phpstudy
• Linux 编译安装 –with-gd
• Linux 编译安装扩展
GD库支持的图像格式
使用 gd_info() 函数 检测服务器支持的图像格式
图像信息处理
<?php //获取图像详细信息 $image = '../image/b.png'; $info = getimagesize($image); var_dump($info); $string = file_get_contents($image); $info = getimagesizefromstring($string); var_dump($info); //获取图像的文件后缀 $imageType = image_type_to_extension($info[2],false); var_dump($imageType);//string(3) "png" //获取图像的mime type $mime = image_type_to_mime_type($info[2]); var_dump($mime);//string(9) "image/png" //创建图像 $im = imagecreatefrompng($image); echo sprintf('a.jpg 宽:%s,高:%s',imagesx($im),imagesy($im));//a.jpg 宽:543,高:299 //根据不同的图像type 来创建图像 switch($info[2]) { case 1://IMAGETYPE_GIF $im = imagecreatefromgif($image); break; case IMAGETYPE_JPEG: $im = imagecreatefromjpeg($image); break; case 3: $im = imagecreatefrompng($image); break; default: echo '图像格式不支持'; break; }
随机显示图片
/** * 创建图像 * 设置背景色 * 输出图像 * */ //创建图像 imagecreate(); $im = imagecreatetruecolor(200,200); $back = imagecolorallocate($im,mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255)); imagefill($im,0,0,$back); //设置header mime type header('Content-type:image/png'); imagepng($im,'../image/back.png'); //随机输出图像到浏览器中 $imageList = array( '../image/a.jpg', '../image/b.png', '../image/back.png' ); $imageKey = array_rand($imageList); $image = $imageList[$imageKey]; //获取图像信息 $info = getimagesize($image); //根据图像类别不同 调用不同的创建图像函数 switch($info[2]) { case 1://IMAGETYPE_GIF $im = imagecreatefromgif($image); break; case IMAGETYPE_JPEG: $im = imagecreatefromjpeg($image); break; case 3: $im = imagecreatefrompng($image); break; default: echo '图像格式不支持'; break; } //设置header mime type $mimeType = image_type_to_mime_type($info[2]); header('Content-Type:'.$mimeType); //根据image type调用不同的图像输出类型 switch($info[2]) { case 1://IMAGETYPE_GIF imagegif($im); break; case IMAGETYPE_JPEG: imagejpeg($im,null,60); break; case 3: imagepng($im); break; } imagedestroy($im);
图像旋转
//旋转图像 $im = imagecreatefrompng('../image/b.png'); $back = imagecolorallocate($im,233,230,232); $rotate = imagerotate($im,75,$back); header('Content-type:image/jpeg'); imagejpeg($rotate);
缩略图（图片放大缩小）
<?php /** * 缩略图 * */ //创建原图 $srcIm = imagecreatefromjpeg('../image/a.jpg'); $srcW = imagesx($srcIm); $srcH = imagesy($srcIm); $percent = 0.5; $desW = $srcW * $percent; $desH = $srcH * $percent; //创建新图 $desIm = imagecreatetruecolor($desW, $desH); //拷贝图像并调整大小 //imagecopyresized(); //重采样拷贝图像并调整大小 imagecopyresampled($desIm, $srcIm, 0, 0, 0, 0, $desW, $desH, $srcW, $srcH); //生成图 imagejpeg($desIm, "../image/a_{$desW}_{$desH}.jpg", 75); //imagepng($desIm,"../image/a_{$desW}_{$desH}.png"); //生成的图像会自动出现在image文件夹中，不会出现在页面上
图像拷贝（生成水印）
$im = imagecreatefrompng('../image/b.png'); $logo = imagecreatefrompng('../image/logo.png'); //把logo图片从x y开始宽度为w 高度为h的部分图像拷贝到im图像的x y坐标上 imagecopy($im,$logo,400,200,0,0,imagesx($logo),imagesy($logo)); //透明度拷贝 imagecopymerge($im,$logo,400,200,0,0,imagesx($logo),imagesy($logo),10); header('Content-Type:image/png'); imagepng($im);
图像中显示文字
//创建画布 $im = imagecreatetruecolor(400,200); $back = imagecolorallocate($im,mt_rand(200,250),mt_rand(200,250),mt_rand(200,250)); imagefill($im,0,0,$back); //创建字体颜色 $stringColor = imagecolorallocate($im,mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150)); //图像中水平写入字符串 //imagestring只能使用系统字体 imagestring($im,5,mt_rand(20,imagesx($im)-50),mt_rand(10,imagesy($im)),'hello',$stringColor); //垂直写入字符串 //imagestringup($im,5,mt_rand(20,imagesx($im)-50),mt_rand(10,imagesy($im)),'hello',$stringColor); header('Content-Type:image/png'); imagepng($im);
随机四位数验证码
//创建画布 $im = imagecreatetruecolor(400,200); $back = imagecolorallocate($im,mt_rand(200,250),mt_rand(200,250),mt_rand(200,250)); imagefill($im,0,0,$back); //生成随机字符串 $string = 'abcdefg123456789ABCDEFGHIGK'; $str=''; for($i=0;$i<4;$i++) { $str.= $string[mt_rand(0,strlen($string)-1)]; } //图像中写入字符串 imagestring($im,5,mt_rand(20,imagesx($im)-50),mt_rand(10,imagesy($im)),$str,$stringColor); header('Content-Type:image/png'); imagepng($im);
imagettftext()可以使用自定义字体，然鹅
使用“imagettftext（）”函数时，字体路径要写带盘符的绝对路径，写相对路径就报错
比如改成：
D:phpstudy_proWWWphptestgdfontcomicz.ttf
imagettftext($im,15,mt_rand(-10,10),mt_rand(20,imagesx($im)-50),mt_rand(10,imagesy($im)),$stringColor,'./font/comicz.ttf',$str);
四色随机验证码
<?php //创建画布 $im = imagecreatetruecolor(400,200); $back = imagecolorallocate($im,mt_rand(200,250),mt_rand(200,250),mt_rand(200,250)); imagefill($im,0,0,$back); //生成随机字符串 $string = 'abcdefg123456789ABCDEFGHIGK'; for($i=0;$i<4;$i++) { $stringColor = imagecolorallocate($im,mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150),mt_rand(50,150)); $str = $string[mt_rand(0,strlen($string)-1)]; //图像中写入字符串 imagettftext($im,15,mt_rand(-10,10),20+$i*15,100,$stringColor,'D:phpstudy_proWWWphptestgdfontcomicz.ttf',$str); } header('Content-Type:image/png'); imagepng($im);
各种图形绘制
<?php /** * 图形绘制 * 绘画复杂图形 */ //画布 $im = imagecreatetruecolor(400, 200); $back = imagecolorallocate($im, mt_rand(200, 255), mt_rand(200, 255), mt_rand(200, 255)); imagefill($im, 0, 0, $back); //画点 $black = imagecolorallocate($im,10,10,10); for($i=0;$i<150;$i++) { imagesetpixel($im,mt_rand(10,390),mt_rand(10,190),$black); } //画线 $red = imagecolorallocate($im, 10, 0, 0); for($j = 0; $j < 3; $j++) { imageline($im, mt_rand(10, 400), mt_rand(10, 200), mt_rand(10, 400), mt_rand(10, 200), $red); } //设置线条粗细 imagesetthickness($im,5); imageline($im, mt_rand(10, 400), mt_rand(10, 200), mt_rand(10, 400), mt_rand(10, 200), $red); $style = array($red,$red,$red,$red,$red,$back,$back,$back,$back,$back); //设置划线的风格 imagesetstyle($im,$style); //设置划线的风格 imageline($im,10,50,250,200,IMG_COLOR_STYLED); //画矩形 imagerectangle($im,50,50,150,150,$red); //画圆 imageellipse($im,200,100,100,100,$red); header('Content-Type:image/jpeg'); imagejpeg($im, null, 70);
验证码类的封装
GD库检测文件 GDBasic.php
<?php /** * GDBasic.php * description GD基础类 */ namespace TestLib; class GDBasic { protected static $_check =false; //检查服务器环境中gd库 public static function check() { //当静态变量不为false if(static::$_check) { return true; } //检查gd库是否加载 if(!function_exists("gd_info")) { throw new Exception('GD is not exists'); } //检查gd库版本 $version = ''; $info = gd_info(); if(preg_match("/\d+\.\d+(?:\.\d+)?/", $info["GD Version"], $matches)) { $version = $matches[0]; } //当gd库版本小于2.0.1 if(!version_compare($version,'2.0.1','>=')) { throw new Exception("GD requires GD version '2.0.1' or greater, you have " . $version); } self::$_check = true; return self::$_check; } }
验证码类的文件Captcha.php
<?php /** * Captcha.php * description 验证码类 */ namespace TestLib; require_once 'GDBasic.php'; class Captcha extends GDBasic { //图像宽度 protected $_width = 60; //图像高度 protected $_height = 25; //随机串 protected $_code = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789abcdefghjklmnpqrstuvwxyz'; //字体文件 protected $_font_file = 'D:phpstudy_proWWWphptestgdfontcomicz.ttf'; //图像 protected $_im; //验证码 protected $_captcha; public function __construct($width = null, $height = null) { self::check(); $this->create($width, $height); } /** * 创建图像 * @param $width * @param $height */ public function create($width, $height) { $this->_width = is_numeric($width) ? $width : $this->_width; $this->_height = is_numeric($height) ? $height : $this->_height; //创建图像 $im = imagecreatetruecolor($this->_width, $this->_height); $back = imagecolorallocate($im, mt_rand(200, 255), mt_rand(200, 255), mt_rand(200, 255)); //填充底色 imagefill($im, 0, 0, $back); $this->_im = $im; } /** * 混乱验证码 */ public function moll() { $back = imagecolorallocate($this->_im, 0, 0, 0); //在图像中随机生成50个点 for($i = 0; $i < 50; $i++) { imagesetpixel($this->_im, mt_rand(0, $this->_width), mt_rand(0, $this->_height), $back); } imageline($this->_im, mt_rand(0, $this->_width), mt_rand(0, $this->_height), mt_rand(0, $this->_width), mt_rand(0, $this->_height), $back); imageline($this->_im, mt_rand(0, $this->_width), mt_rand(0, $this->_height), mt_rand(0, $this->_width), mt_rand(0, $this->_height), $back); } /** * 生成验证码随机串 * @param int $length 验证码的个数 * @param int $fontSize 字符串的字体大小 * @return Captcha */ public function string($length = 4, $fontSize = 15) { $this->moll(); $code = $this->_code; $captcha = ''; for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) { $string = $code[mt_rand(0, strlen($code) - 1)]; $strColor = imagecolorallocate($this->_im, mt_rand(100, 150), mt_rand(100, 150), mt_rand(100, 150)); imagettftext($this->_im, $fontSize, mt_rand(-10, 10), mt_rand(3, 6) + $i * (($this->_width - 10) / $length), ($this->_height / 3) * 2, $strColor, $this->_font_file, $string); $captcha .= $string; } $this->_captcha = $captcha; return $this; } /** * 验证码存入session */ public function setSession() { if(!isset($_SESSION)) { session_start(); } $_SESSION['captcha_code'] = $this->_captcha; } /** * 逻辑运算符验证码 * @param int $fontSize 字体大小 * @return $this */ public function logic($fontSize = 12) { $this->moll(); $codeArray = array(1 => 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9); $operatorArray = array('+' => '+', '-' => '-', 'x' => '*'); list($first, $second) = array_rand($codeArray, 2); $operator = array_rand($operatorArray); $captcha = 0; $string = ''; switch($operator) { case '+': $captcha = $first + $second; break; case '-': //当第一个数小于第二个数 if($first < $second) { list($first, $second) = array($second, $first); } $captcha = $first - $second; break; case 'x': $captcha = $first * $second; break; } //设置验证码类变量 $this->_captcha = $captcha; //要输出到图像中的字符串 $string = sprintf('%s%s%s=?', $first, $operator, $second); $strColor = imagecolorallocate($this->_im, mt_rand(100, 150), mt_rand(100, 150), mt_rand(100, 150)); imagettftext($this->_im, $fontSize, 0, 5, ($this->_height / 3) * 2, $strColor, $this->_font_file, $string); return $this; } /** * 输出验证码 */ public function show() { //生成session $this->setSession(); header('Content-Type:image/jpeg'); imagejpeg($this->_im); imagedestroy($this->_im); } }
检测GD库演示
//检测GD库 $info = gd_info(); preg_match("/\d+\.\d+(?:\.\d+)?/", $info["GD Version"], $matches); var_dump($matches);//0 => string '2.1.0' (length=5)
6位随机数验证码演示
require_once './lib/Captcha.php'; $captcha = new TestLibCaptcha(80,30); $captcha->string(6,14)->show();//6位数随机验证码
逻辑计算验证码演示
require_once './lib/Captcha.php'; $captcha = new TestLibCaptcha(80,30); $captcha->logic(12)->show();
图片类封装 Image.php
<?php /** * Image.php * author: F.X * date: 2017 * description 图像类 */ namespace TestLib; require_once 'GDBasic.php'; class Image extends GDBasic { protected $_width; protected $_height; protected $_im; protected $_type; protected $_mime; protected $_real_path; public function __construct($file) { //检查GD库 self::check(); $imageInfo = $this->createImageByFile($file); $this->_width = $imageInfo['width']; $this->_height = $imageInfo['height']; $this->_im = $imageInfo['im']; $this->_type = $imageInfo['type']; $this->_real_path = $imageInfo['real_path']; $this->_mime = $imageInfo['mime']; } /** * 根据文件创建图像 * @param $file * @return array * @throws Exception */ public function createImageByFile($file) { //检查文件是否存在 if(!file_exists($file)) { throw new Exception('file is not exits'); } //获取图像信息 $imageInfo = getimagesize($file); $realPath = realpath($file); if(!$imageInfo) { throw new Exception('file is not image file'); } switch($imageInfo[2]) { case IMAGETYPE_GIF: $im = imagecreatefromgif($file); break; case IMAGETYPE_JPEG: $im = imagecreatefromjpeg($file); break; case IMAGETYPE_PNG: $im = imagecreatefrompng($file); break; default: throw new Exception('image file must be png,jpeg,gif'); } return array( 'width' => $imageInfo[0], 'height' => $imageInfo[1], 'type' => $imageInfo[2], 'mime' => $imageInfo['mime'], 'im' => $im, 'real_path' => $realPath, ); } /** * 缩略图 * @param int $width 缩略图高度 * @param int $height 缩略图宽度 * @return $this * @throws Exception */ public function resize($width, $height) { if(!is_numeric($width) || !is_numeric($height)) { throw new Exception('image width or height must be number'); } //根据传参的宽高获取最终图像的宽高 $srcW = $this->_width; $srcH = $this->_height; if($width <= 0 || $height <= 0) { $desW = $srcW;//缩略图高度 $desH = $srcH;//缩略图宽度 } else { $srcP = $srcW / $srcH;//宽高比 $desP = $width / $height; if($width > $srcW) { if($height > $srcH) { $desW = $srcW; $desH = $srcH; } else { $desH = $height; $desW = round($desH * $srcP); } } else { if($desP > $srcP) { $desW = $width; $desH = round($desW / $srcP); } else { $desH = $height; $desW = round($desH * $srcP); } } } //PHP版本小于5.5 if(version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.5.0', '<')) { $desIm = imagecreatetruecolor($desW, $desH); if(imagecopyresampled($desIm, $this->_im, 0, 0, 0, 0, $desW, $desH, $srcW, $srcH)) { imagedestroy($this->_im); $this->_im = $desIm; $this->_width = imagesx($this->_im); $this->_height = imagesy($this->_im); } } else { if($desIm = imagescale($this->_im, $desW, $desH)) { $this->_im = $desIm; $this->_width = imagesx($this->_im); $this->_height = imagesy($this->_im); } } return $this; } /** * 根据百分比生成缩略图 * @param int $percent 1-100 * @return Image * @throws Exception */ public function resizeByPercent($percent) { if(intval($percent) <= 0) { throw new Exception('percent must be gt 0'); } $percent = intval($percent) > 100 ? 100 : intval($percent); $percent = $percent / 100; $desW = $this->_width * $percent; $desH = $this->_height * $percent; return $this->resize($desW, $desH); } /** * 图像旋转 * @param $degree * @return $this */ public function rotate($degree) { $degree = 360 - intval($degree); $back = imagecolorallocatealpha($this->_im,0,0,0,127); $im = imagerotate($this->_im,$degree,$back,1); imagesavealpha($im,true); imagedestroy($this->_im); $this->_im = $im; $this->_width = imagesx($this->_im); $this->_height = imagesy($this->_im); return $this; } /** * 生成水印 * @param file $water 水印图片 * @param int $pct 透明度 * @return $this */ public function waterMask($water ='',$pct = 60 ) { //根据水印图像文件生成图像资源 $waterInfo = $this->createImageByFile($water); imagecopymerge(); //销毁$this->_im $this->_im = $waterInfo['im']; $this->_width = imagesx($this->_im); $this->_height = imagesy($this->_im); return $this; } /** * 图片输出 * @return bool */ public function show() { header('Content-Type:' . $this->_mime); if($this->_type == 1) { imagegif($this->_im); return true; } if($this->_type == 2) { imagejpeg($this->_im, null, 80); return true; } if($this->_type == 3) { imagepng($this->_im); return true; } } /** * 保存图像文件 * @param $file * @param null $quality * @return bool * @throws Exception */ public function save($file, $quality = null) { //获取保存目的文件的扩展名 $ext = pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION); $ext = strtolower($ext); if(!$ext || !in_array($ext, array('jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif', 'png'))) { throw new Exception('image save file must be jpg ,png,gif'); } if($ext === 'gif') { imagegif($this->_im, $file); return true; } if($ext === 'jpeg' || $ext === 'jpg') { if($quality > 0) { if($quality < 1) { $quality = 1; } if($quality > 100) { $quality = 100; } imagejpeg($this->_im, $file, $quality); } else { imagejpeg($this->_im, $file); } return true; } if($ext === 'png') { imagepng($this->_im, $file); return true; } } }
指定尺寸缩放 演示
require_once './lib/Image.php'; $image = new TestLibImage('../image/b.png'); $image->resize(400,200)->save('../image/b_400_200.png');
按比例缩放+旋转 演示
require_once './lib/Image.php'; $image = new TestLibImage('../image/b.png'); $image->resizeByPercent(50)->rotate(1800)->show();