ASP.NET中的healthMonitoring

有不少朋友不了解这个所谓的healthMonitoring，实际上这是自.NET Framework 2.0就开始拥有的特性。顾名思义，它是可以帮助我们对ASP.NET应用程序运行的健康状况进行监视的一套服务。

这个部分的设置，可以在F:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\CONFIG目录下面的web.config文件中找到。

我要简要地介绍一下这个特性的架构

1. 首先，要设置有关的eventMappings，也就是说定义要监视的事件。

2. 然后，定义所谓的监视提供程序（provider)，此时可能要定义有关的bufferMode，也就是每个provider所使用的缓冲模型。

3. 然后，定义有关的规则，也就是说，哪些事件采用哪种provider来监视。（默认会有两个规则，就是将错误的事件，以及审核失败的事件，发送到事件日志中去）

下面的粗体部分是我添加的，意思是说将所有事件都发送到一个数据库中去。

       <healthMonitoring>
            <bufferModes>
                <add name="Critical Notification" maxBufferSize="100" maxFlushSize="20" urgentFlushThreshold="1" regularFlushInterval="Infinite" urgentFlushInterval="00:01:00" maxBufferThreads="1"/>
                <add name="Notification" maxBufferSize="300" maxFlushSize="20" urgentFlushThreshold="1" regularFlushInterval="Infinite" urgentFlushInterval="00:01:00" maxBufferThreads="1"/>
                <add name="Analysis" maxBufferSize="1000" maxFlushSize="100" urgentFlushThreshold="100" regularFlushInterval="00:05:00" urgentFlushInterval="00:01:00" maxBufferThreads="1"/>
                <add name="Logging" maxBufferSize="1000" maxFlushSize="200" urgentFlushThreshold="800" regularFlushInterval="00:30:00" urgentFlushInterval="00:05:00" maxBufferThreads="1"/>
            </bufferModes>

            <providers>
                <add name="EventLogProvider" type="System.Web.Management.EventLogWebEventProvider,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"/>
                <add connectionStringName="LocalSqlServer" maxEventDetailsLength="1073741823" buffer="false" bufferMode="Notification" name="SqlWebEventProvider" type="System.Web.Management.SqlWebEventProvider,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"/>
                <add name="WmiWebEventProvider" type="System.Web.Management.WmiWebEventProvider,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"/>
            </providers>

            <profiles>
                <add name="Default" minInstances="1" maxLimit="Infinite" minInterval="00:01:00" custom=""/>
                <add name="Critical" minInstances="1" maxLimit="Infinite" minInterval="00:00:00" custom=""/>
            </profiles>

            <rules>
                <add name="All Errors Default" eventName="All Errors" provider="EventLogProvider" profile="Default" minInstances="1" maxLimit="Infinite" minInterval="00:01:00" custom=""/>
                <add name="Failure Audits Default" eventName="Failure Audits" provider="EventLogProvider" profile="Default" minInstances="1" maxLimit="Infinite" minInterval="00:01:00" custom=""/>
        <add name="All Events" eventName="All Events" provider="SqlWebEventProvider" profile="Default" minInstances="1" maxLimit="Infinite" minInterval="00:01:00" custom=""/>
            </rules>

            <eventMappings>
                <add name="All Events" type="System.Web.Management.WebBaseEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Heartbeats" type="System.Web.Management.WebHeartbeatEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Application Lifetime Events" type="System.Web.Management.WebApplicationLifetimeEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Request Processing Events" type="System.Web.Management.WebRequestEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="All Errors" type="System.Web.Management.WebBaseErrorEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Infrastructure Errors" type="System.Web.Management.WebErrorEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Request Processing Errors" type="System.Web.Management.WebRequestErrorEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="All Audits" type="System.Web.Management.WebAuditEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Failure Audits" type="System.Web.Management.WebFailureAuditEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
                <add name="Success Audits" type="System.Web.Management.WebSuccessAuditEvent,System.Web,Version=2.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" startEventCode="0" endEventCode="2147483647"/>
            </eventMappings>

        </healthMonitoring>

这个数据库其实是与membership等服务公用的，如下图所示

image

看到这里，有的朋友可能要问，那么这些事件能不能添加呢？答案是肯定的，下面有一个简单的例子。

   1:  using System;
   2:  using System.Web;
   3:  using System.Web.Management;
   4:  using System.Web.UI;
   5:  using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
   6:   
   7:   
   8:  namespace Samples.AspNet.Management
   9:  {
  10:   
  11:      public class CustomWebEvents : Page, IHttpModule
  12:      {
  13:   
  14:          public override void Dispose()
  15:          {
  16:          }
  17:   
  18:          // Add event handlers to the HttpApplication.
  19:          public new void Init(HttpApplication httpApp)
  20:          {
  21:              httpApp.BeginRequest +=
  22:                  new EventHandler(OnBeginRequest);
  23:   
  24:              httpApp.EndRequest +=
  25:                  new EventHandler(OnEndRequest);
  26:   
  27:          }
  28:   
  29:          // Issues a custom begin request event.
  30:          public void OnBeginRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
  31:          {
  32:   
  33:              HttpApplication httpApp = sender as HttpApplication;
  34:   
  35:              try
  36:              {
  37:                  // Make sure to be outside the forbidden range.
  38:                  System.Int32 myCode = WebEventCodes.WebExtendedBase + 30;
  39:                  SampleWebRequestEvent swre =
  40:                    new SampleWebRequestEvent(
  41:                    "SampleWebRequestEvent Start", this, myCode);
  42:                  // Raise the event.
  43:                  swre.Raise();
  44:              }
  45:              catch (Exception ex)
  46:              {
  47:                  httpApp.Context.Response.Output.WriteLine(
  48:                      ex.ToString());
  49:              }
  50:   
  51:          }
  52:   
  53:          // Issues a custom end request event.
  54:          public void OnEndRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
  55:          {
  56:              HttpApplication httpApp = sender as HttpApplication;
  57:   
  58:              try
  59:              {
  60:                  // Make sure to be outside the forbidden range.
  61:                  System.Int32 myCode = WebEventCodes.WebExtendedBase + 40;
  62:                  SampleWebRequestEvent swre =
  63:                    new SampleWebRequestEvent(
  64:                    "SampleWebRequestEvent End", this, myCode);
  65:                  // Raise the event.
  66:                  swre.Raise();
  67:              }
  68:              catch (Exception ex)
  69:              {
  70:                  httpApp.Context.Response.Output.WriteLine(
  71:                      ex.ToString());
  72:              }
  73:   
  74:          }
  75:      }
  76:      public class SampleWebRequestEvent : System.Web.Management.WebRequestEvent
  77:      {
  78:          private string customCreatedMsg;
  79:          private string customRaisedMsg;
  80:   
  81:          // Invoked in case of events identified only by their event code.
  82:          public SampleWebRequestEvent(
  83:              string msg,
  84:              object eventSource,
  85:              int eventCode)
  86:              :
  87:              base(msg, eventSource, eventCode)
  88:          {
  89:              // Perform custom initialization.
  90:              customCreatedMsg = string.Format("Event created at: {0}",
  91:                  EventTime.ToString());
  92:          }
  93:   
  94:          // Invoked in case of events identified by their event code and 
  95:          // related event detailed code.
  96:          public SampleWebRequestEvent(
  97:              string msg,
  98:              object eventSource,
  99:              int eventCode,
 100:              int eventDetailCode)
 101:              :
 102:              base(msg, eventSource, eventCode, eventDetailCode)
 103:          {
 104:              // Perform custom initialization.
 105:              customCreatedMsg = string.Format("Event created at: {0}",
 106:                  EventTime.ToString());
 107:   
 108:          }
 109:   
 110:          // Raises the SampleWebRequestEvent.
 111:          public override void Raise()
 112:          {
 113:              // Perform custom processing.
 114:              customRaisedMsg = string.Format("Event raised at: {0}",
 115:                  EventTime.ToString());
 116:   
 117:              // Raise the event.
 118:              base.Raise();
 119:          }
 120:   
 121:          //Formats Web request event information.
 122:          public override void FormatCustomEventDetails(
 123:              WebEventFormatter formatter)
 124:          {
 125:              // Add custom data.
 126:              formatter.AppendLine("");
 127:   
 128:              formatter.IndentationLevel += 1;
 129:              formatter.AppendLine("* Custom Request Information Start *");
 130:   
 131:              // Display custom event timing.
 132:              formatter.AppendLine(customCreatedMsg);
 133:              formatter.AppendLine(customRaisedMsg);
 134:   
 135:              formatter.AppendLine("* Custom Request Information End *");
 136:   
 137:              formatter.IndentationLevel -= 1;
 138:          }
 139:      }
 140:  }
 
从上面的代码可以看出，要实现一个自定义的事件，只要继承System.Web.Management命名空间下面的某个Event类型即可。
然后在web.config中进行注册
<httpModules>
  <add name="Raising Custom Web Events" 
    type="Samples.AspNet.Management.CustomWebEvents" 
  />
</httpModules>
<healthMonitoring 
  heartbeatInterval="0" 
  enabled="true">
  <eventMappings>
    <add name="SampleWebRequestEvent" 
      type="Samples.AspNet.Management.SampleWebRequestEvent" 
    />
  </eventMappings>
  <profiles>
    <add name="Custom" 
      minInstances="1" 
      maxLimit="Infinite" 
      minInterval="00:00:00" 
    />
  </profiles>
  <rules>
    <clear />
      <add name="Custom Web Request Event" 
        eventName="SampleWebRequestEvent"
        provider="EventLogProvider" 
        profile="Custom" 
     />
  </rules>
</healthMonitoring>
 
而要引发该事件，则大致使用下面的代码即可
   1:                  // Make sure to be outside the forbidden range.
   2:                  System.Int32 myCode = WebEventCodes.WebExtendedBase + 30;
   3:                  SampleWebRequestEvent swre =
   4:                    new SampleWebRequestEvent(
   5:                    "SampleWebRequestEvent Start", this, myCode);
   6:                  // Raise the event.
   7:                  swre.Raise();
 
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/chenxizhang/p/1675256.html