HAProxy
HAProxy 是一款提供高可用性、负载均衡以及基于TCP（第四层）和HTTP（第七层）应用的代理软件，支持虚拟主机，它是免费、快速并且可靠的一种解决方案。 HAProxy特别适用于那些负载特大的web站点，这些站点通常又需要会话保持或七层处理。HAProxy运行在时下的硬件上，完全可以支持数以万计的 并发连接。并且它的运行模式使得它可以很简单安全的整合进您当前的架构中， 同时可以保护你的web服务器不被暴露到网络上
HAProxy搭建HTTP负载集群
本次环境为：
| 主机名 | IP | 安装的服务 | 用途 |
| localhost | 192.168.44.128 | haproxy | 调度器 |
| node2 | 192.168.44.129 | httpd | RS |
| node3 | 192.168.44.130 | httpd | RS |
//调度器准备工作 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0 //node2准备工作 [root@node2 ~]# systemctl stop firewall [root@node2 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@node2 ~]# yum -y install httpd [root@node2 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd [root@node2 ~]# echo RS1 > /var/www/html/index.html //node3准备工作 [root@node3 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@node3 ~]# setenforce 0 [root@node3 ~]# yum -y install httpd [root@node3 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd [root@node3 ~]# echo RS2 > /var/www/html/index.html //调度器配置 [root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.haproxy.org/download/2.3/src/haproxy-2.3.10.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install make gcc pcre-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel systemd-devel //创建用户 [root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin haproxy //编译安装haproxy [root@localhost ~]# tar xf haproxy-2.3.10.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd haproxy-2.3.10/ [root@localhost haproxy-2.3.10]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l) TARGET=linux-glibc USE_OPENSSL=1 USE_ZLIB=1 USE_PCRE=1 USE_SYSTEMD=1 [root@localhost haproxy-2.3.10]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy [root@localhost haproxy-2.3.10]# cp haproxy /usr/sbin/ [root@localhost ~]# echo 'net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf [root@localhost ~]# echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf [root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p //提供配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg global daemon maxconn 256 defaults mode http timeout connect 5000ms timeout client 50000ms timeout server 50000ms frontend http-in bind *:80 default_backend servers backend servers server web01 192.168.44.129:80 server web02 192.168.44.130:80 [root@localhost ~]# haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -c Configuration file is valid //启动服务 [root@localhost ~]# haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg [root@localhost ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //守护进程启动 [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service [Unit] Description=HAProxy Load Balancer After=syslog.target network.target [Service] ExecStartPre=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -c -q ExecStart=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /var/run/haproxy.pid ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now haproxy [root@localhost ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //测试 [root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.44.129 RS1 [root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.44.130 RS2
HAProxy搭建HTTPS负载集群
//在RS上安装mod_ssl [root@node2 ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl [root@node3 ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl //这里就不做证书，使用默认的证书，重启服务来查看443端口是否启动 [root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@node3 ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg global log 127.0.0.1 local2 info maxconn 20480 chroot /usr/local/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/haproxy.sock mode 600 level admin user haproxy group haproxy daemon nbproc 1 nbthread 4 spread-checks 5 defaults mode http log global option dontlognull option httpclose option http-keep-alive option redispatch balance roundrobin timeout connect 60s timeout client 30s timeout server 30s timeout check 10s maxconn 60000 retries 3 listen https bind 0.0.0.0:443 log global mode tcp balance roundrobin server web01 192.168.44.129:443 check inter 2s fall 3 rise 5 server web02 192.168.44.130:443 check inter 2s fall 3 rise 5 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/lib/haproxy //重启服务 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart haproxy [root@localhost ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //测试 [root@localhost ~]# curl -k https://192.168.44.129 RS1 [root@localhost ~]# curl -k https://192.168.44.130 RS2 //修改配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg #--------------全局配置---------------- global log 127.0.0.1 local0 info #log loghost local0 info maxconn 20480 #chroot /usr/local/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid #maxconn 4000 user haproxy group haproxy daemon #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will #use if not designated in their block #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults mode http log global option dontlognull option httpclose option httplog #option forwardfor option redispatch balance roundrobin timeout connect 10s timeout client 10s timeout server 10s timeout check 10s maxconn 60000 retries 3 #--------------统计页面配置------------------ listen admin_stats bind 0.0.0.0:8189 stats enable mode http log global stats uri /haproxy_stats stats realm Haproxy Statistics stats auth admin:admin #stats hide-version stats admin if TRUE stats refresh 30s #---------------web设置----------------------- listen webcluster bind 0.0.0.0:80 mode http #option httpchk GET /index.html log global maxconn 3000 balance roundrobin cookie SESSION_COOKIE insert indirect nocache server web01 192.168.44.129:80 check inter 2000 fall 5 server web02 192.168.44.130:80 check inter 2000 fall 5 #server web01 192.168.80.102:80 cookie web01 check inter 2000 fall 5 //重启服务 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart haproxy [root@localhost ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:8189 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //启用日志 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf ······ # Save boot messages also to boot.log (插入一行内容如下) local0.info /var/log/haproxy.log local7.* /var/log/boot.log [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg ······ #--------------统计页面配置------------------ stats uri /haproxy_stats //访问方式 stats realm Haproxy Statistics stats auth admin:admin //用户名和密码均为admin
使用网页访问测试
访问 192.168.44.128:8189/haproxy_stats
输入用户名admin和密码admin
当RS服务启动时，手动down掉网页那边的服务，过一会刷新服务会重新起来；当RS服务关掉时，即使手动开启网页那边的服务，过一会儿刷新服务会依然显示没启动。