SpringCloudAlibaba-入门学习之环境搭建

环境搭建

模块设计

  • springcloud-alibaba  父工程
  • shop-common          公共模块【实体类】
  • shop-user                 用户微服务 【端口: 807x】
  • shop-product            商品微服务 【端口: 808x】
  • shop-order                订单微服务 【端口: 809x】

1：创建一个maven父工程（删掉其他附属文件保留一个pom.xml）如下图目录

2：引入相关依赖 pom.xml

<groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>shop-user</module>
        <module>shop-product</module>
        <module>shop-common</module>
    </modules>

    <!--父工程-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>


    <!--依赖版本的锁定-->
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
        <!--        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.1.1.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>-->
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
pom.xml配置

3：创建基础模块

3.1：shop-common  在pom中添加依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>

    <!--依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.13.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.56</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
common.pom完整依赖

创建实体类

/订单
@Entity(name = "shop_order")
@Data
public class Order {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long oid;//订单id

    //用户
    private Integer uid;//用户id
    private String username;//用户名

    //商品
    private Integer pid;//商品id
    private String pname;//商品名称
    private Double pprice;//商品单价

    //数量
    private Integer number;//购买数量
}
order实体
//商品
@Entity(name = "shop_product")
@Data
public class Product {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer pid;//主键

    private String pname;//商品名称
    private Double pprice;//商品价格
    private Integer stock;//库存
}
product
//用户
@Entity(name = "shop_user")//实体类跟数据表的对应
@Data
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//数据库自增
    private Integer uid;//主键
    private String username;//用户名
    private String password;//密码
    private String telephone;//手机号
}
user

 3.2：shop-user  

<dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-mommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
pom.xml
server:
  port: 8071
spring:
  application:
    name: service-user
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: root
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
application.yml

3.3：shop-product

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-product</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-mommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
      
    </dependencies>


</project>
pom.xml
server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: service-product
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.61.131:3306/shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: root
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
application.yml

工程主类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProductApplication.class,args);
    }
}
ProductApplication

创建dao

import com.chenpt.domain.Product;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product, Integer> {
}
ProductDao

service接口及实现类

public interface ProductService {

    //根据pid查询商品信息
    Product findByPid(Integer pid);

}
ProductService 
@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {

    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;

    @Override
    public Product findByPid(Integer pid) {
        return productDao.findById(pid).get();
    }

}
ProductServiceImpl

创建cotroller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {

    @Autowired
    private ProductService productService;


    //商品信息查询
    @RequestMapping("/product/{pid}")
    public Product product(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {
        log.info("接下来要进行{}号商品信息的查询", pid);
        Product product = productService.findByPid(pid);
        log.info("商品信息查询成功,内容为{}", JSON.toJSONString(product));
        return product;
    }

}
ProductController

 启动工程，等到数据库表创建完毕之后，加入测试数据

INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'小米','1000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'华为','2000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'苹果','3000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'OPPO','4000','5000');

3.4：shop-order

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-order</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.chenpt</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-mommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        
    </dependencies>


</project>
pom.xml
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class);
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
       return new RestTemplate();
    }

}
orderApplication

dao

public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order,Integer> {
}

service

public interface OrderService {
    void save(Order order);
}

serviceImpl

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;


    @Override
    public void save(Order order) {
        orderDao.save(order);
    }
}
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {

    private static final String PRODUCT_URL = "http://localhost:8081/product/";
    private static final String PRODUCT_SERVER = "service-product";

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

   /**
     * 采用restTemplate调用商品微服务
     * 硬编码风格 后期不容易维护   无法实现集群
     * @param pid
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/prod/{pid}")
    public Order order3(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid){
        log.info(">>>客户下单，调用商品微服务查询商品信息<<<");
        // 采用restTemplate调用
        Product product = restTemplate.getForObject(PRODUCT_URL+pid, Product.class);
        log.info(">>商品信息,查询结果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUid(1);
        order.setUsername("测试用户1");
        order.setPid(product.getPid());
        order.setPname(product.getPname());
        order.setPprice(product.getPprice());
        order.setNumber(1);
        orderService.save(order);
        return order;
    }
}
OrderController

至此整个环境就算搭建完毕，不过目前没接入微服务的组件，也就属于maven多模块开发 进行了拆分

通过orderController模拟下单请求  可以发现order服务调用商品服务采用的是restTemplate方式，其中商品服务的信息都是硬编码到order服务中，其中弊端一目了然

比如：

  1. 　　商品服务挂了，将导致整个服务不可用
  2. 　　地址变更，手动修改
  3. 　　服务增多后期维护复杂
  4. 　　多个服务提供者无法实现负载均衡

接下来就以此项目为基础进行微服务学习  

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/chenpt/p/13427723.html