python的setup.py文件及其常用命令

编写setup.py文件,获取帮助:python setup.py --help-commands

Standard commands:
  build             build everything needed to install
  build_py          "build" pure Python modules (copy to build directory)
  build_ext         build C/C++ extensions (compile/link to build directory)
  build_clib        build C/C++ libraries used by Python extensions
  build_scripts     "build" scripts (copy and fixup #! line)
  clean             clean up temporary files from 'build' command
  install           install everything from build directory
  install_lib       install all Python modules (extensions and pure Python)
  install_headers   install C/C++ header files
  install_scripts   install scripts (Python or otherwise)
  install_data      install data files
  sdist             create a source distribution (tarball, zip file, etc.)
  register          register the distribution with the Python package index
  bdist             create a built (binary) distribution
  bdist_dumb        create a "dumb" built distribution
  bdist_rpm         create an RPM distribution
  bdist_wininst     create an executable installer for MS Windows
  upload            upload binary package to PyPI
  check             perform some checks on the package

Extra commands:
  rotate            delete older distributions, keeping N newest files
  develop           install package in 'development mode'
  setopt            set an option in setup.cfg or another config file
  saveopts          save supplied options to setup.cfg or other config file
  egg_info          create a distribution's .egg-info directory
  install_egg_info  Install an .egg-info directory for the package
  alias             define a shortcut to invoke one or more commands
  easy_install      Find/get/install Python packages
  bdist_egg         create an "egg" distribution
  test              run unit tests after in-place build


 

standard commands(标准命令)是distutils内建命令,而Extra commands(附加命令)是像

setuptools这样的第三方包创建的。

命令详解:
1.sdist:用来创建一个源码包,在windows下为zip格式,linux下为tag.gz格式 。
setup.py示例:
from setuptools import setup
setup(name='xxx',version='0.1.1')
打包命令:python setup.py sdist
distutils将浏览包的路径,查找包含在档案中的文件,包括:
   1)所有py_modules、packages和scripts选项隐含的python源文件
   2)所有在ext_modules选项中列出的C源文件
   3)符合test/test*.py模式的文件
   4)README、README.txt、setup.py和setup.cfg文件


如果需要包含更多文件,那么可以使用MANIFEST.in文件模版,示例如下:
include xx.txt
include yy/xx.txt
....
2.bdist_egg:用来创建一个二进制分发版本,经常用来替代基于bdist生成的模式


3.install:安装包到python中。另外,他还可能会安装在setup.py中的install_requires定义的

相关模块,例如:

   install_requires=['...','...']

删除一个包:1)删除这个包所创建的文件,2)删除在site-packages文件夹easy-install.pth文

件中列举的所有引用。


4.develop:编译并且在适当的位置安装包,然后添加一个简单的链接到python site-packages文

件夹中,可以使用显式的-u选项删除包,例如:
 python setup.py develop
 python setup.py develop -u
    使用该方式比其他方式安装包更好一些

5.创建一个新命令:这是由setuptools引入的,是一种将包定义为插件的简单方法,示例:
...entry_points='''
                [distutils.commands]
  my_command=my.command.module.Class
                '''
 

6.打包时将其他类型的文件一起打包

   distutils默认是不会打包py文件以外的文件的,解决办法为在setup.py中加入:

setup(
  name = 'srcDetect',
  version = '0.1.0',
  packages=find_packages(), 
  #include_package_data = True,
  package_data = {'':['*.txt']},  #这里将打包所有的txt文件
  license = 'GPL',
  keywords = 'test api mydemo',
  platforms = "Independant",
  url = '',
  
  data_files=[('d:\\a',['srcDetect/a.txt'])],   #安装包的时候执行,会将a.txt拷贝到d盘下的a文件夹中
    )


 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/chenjianhong/p/4144962.html