JSP_7_JSP指令与动作元素

---7-1 include指令------------------------------------------------------------------

include指令:<%@ include file="URL"%>

date.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.text.*" %>
<%
   Date d = new Date();
   SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日");
   String s = sdf.format(d);
   out.println(s);
%>

Include_Command.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'Include_Command.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <h1>Include指令</h1>
    <hr>
    <%@ include file="date.jsp"%>
  </body>
</html>

---7-2 include动作------------------------------------------------------------------

include动作标签

<jsp:include>动作元素用来包含静态和动态的文件。该动作把指定文件插入正在生成的页面。语法格式如下：

<jsp:include page="relative URL" flush="true" />
常用属性：
page：要包含的页面
flush：被包含的页面是否从缓冲区读取 true：使用缓冲，false不使用缓冲

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'Include_Command.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <h1>Include动作</h1>
    <hr>
    <jsp:include page="date.jsp" flush="false"/>
  </body>
</html>

---7-3 include指令与include动作(标签)--------------------------------------------------

include指令与include动作(标签)比较

　　　　　　　　include指令　　　　　　　　　　　　 jsp:include动作

语法格式 :<%@ include file="URL"%>　　 <jsp:include page="xx.jsp" flush="false"/>

发生作用的时间 :页面转换期间　　　　　　　　　　　　请求期间

包含的内容　　 :文件实际内容　　　　　　　　　　　　页面的输出

转换成的Servlet：主页面和包含页面转换为一个Servlet 主页面和包含页面转换为独立的Servlet

编译时间　　 :　　较慢-资源必须被解析　　　　　　较快

执行时间　　 :　稍快　　　　　　　　　　　　　　较慢-每次资源必须被解析

观察Tomcat work directory里生成的servlet文件

---7-4 forward动作-----------------------------------------------------------------

语法：

　　<jsp:forward page="URL" />

　　等同于：

　　request.getRequestDispatcher("/url").forward(request,response);

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <h1>系统登录</h1>
    <hr>
    <form name="loginForm" action="forward_action.jsp" method="post">
      <table>
        <tr>
          <td>用户名：</td>
          <td><input type="text" name="username"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>密码：</td>
          <td><input type="password" name="password"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="登录"/></td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

forward_action.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'Include_Command.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <h1>Forward动作</h1>
    <hr>
    <!--<jsp:forward page="user.jsp"/>-->
    <% 
       request.getRequestDispatcher("user.jsp").forward(request, response);
    %>
    
  </body>
</html>

user.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'user.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <h1>用户资料</h1>
    <hr>
    <% 
       request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
       String username = "";
       String password = "";
       String email = "";
       if(request.getParameter("username")!=null)
       {
          username = request.getParameter("username");
       }
       if(request.getParameter("password")!=null)
       {
          password = request.getParameter("password");
       }%>
        用户名：<%=username %><br>
        密码：<%=password %><br>  </body>
</html>

---7-5 param动作-------------------------------------------------------------------

语法：

　　<jsp:param name="param Name" value="value">

　　常常与<jsp:forward>一起使用，座位起子标签

dologin.jsp:

<jsp:forward page="user.jsp">

　　//添加参数email
<jsp:param value="admin@123.net" name="email"/>

　　//覆盖参数password的值
<jsp:param value="888888" name="password"/>
</jsp:forward>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'dologin.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <jsp:forward page="user.jsp">
      <jsp:param value="admin@123.net" name="email"/>
      <jsp:param value="888888" name="password"/>
    </jsp:forward>
  </body>
</html>

user.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'user.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <h1>用户资料</h1>
    <hr>
    <% 
       request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
       String username = "";
       String password = "";
       String email = "";
       if(request.getParameter("username")!=null)
       {
          username = request.getParameter("username");
       }
       if(request.getParameter("password")!=null)
       {
          password = request.getParameter("password");
       }
       if(request.getParameter("email")!=null)
       {
          email = request.getParameter("email");
       }
       
    %>
        用户名：<%=username %><br>
        密码：<%=password %><br>
        电子邮箱：<%=email %><br>
  </body>
</html>