zabbix server 问题

修改的原因：近期将zabbix server 从服务器版的2.2.5 升级到了docker版的5.0.3，在添加1000多台服务器后，查看每个监控指标的画图，居然没有数据。

根据报错，查到了要对mysql 数据库中的zabbix 设定分区表。

操作步骤：

1）先停了zabbix server

2）备份mysql db：

mysqldump -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uroot -pPassword --single-transaction --default-character-set=utf8 -R -E zabbix --log-error=zabbix0319.log > zabbix0319.sql

3）登录MySQL DB创建分区表修改及维护的脚本

use zabbix;

 

DELIMITER $$ 
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME varchar(64), TABLENAME varchar(64), PARTITIONNAME varchar(64), CLOCK int) 
BEGIN 
        /* 
           SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes 
           TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete 
           PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create 
        */ 
        /* 
           Verify that the partition does not already exist 
        */
        DECLARE RETROWS INT; 
        SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS 
        FROM information_schema.partitions 
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;
        IF RETROWS = 0 THEN 
                /* 
                   1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created. 
                   2. Create the SQL to create the partition. 
                   3. Execute the SQL from #2. 
                */ 
                SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg; 
                SET @sql = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' ); 
                PREPARE STMT FROM @sql; 
                EXECUTE STMT; 
                DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT; 
        END IF; 
END$$ 
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$ 
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT) 
BEGIN 
        /* 
           SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes 
           TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete 
           DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd) 
        */ 
        DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE; 
        DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);
        /* 
           Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date 
           in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE.  All partitions are prefixed with 
           a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character. 
        */ 
        DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR 
                SELECT partition_name 
                FROM information_schema.partitions 
                WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE; 
        DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
        /* 
           Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition.  Also, create 
           @drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that 
           should be deleted. 
        */ 
        SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION "); 
        SET @drop_partitions = "";
        /* 
           Start looping through all the partitions that are too old. 
        */ 
        OPEN myCursor; 
        read_loop: LOOP 
                FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name; 
                IF done THEN 
                        LEAVE read_loop; 
                END IF; 
                SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name)); 
        END LOOP; 
        IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN 
                /* 
                   1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions. 
                   2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions. 
                   3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted. 
                */ 
                SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";"); 
                PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql; 
                EXECUTE STMT; 
                DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
                SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`; 
        ELSE 
                /* 
                   No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate 
                   that no changes were made. 
                */ 
                SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`; 
        END IF; 
END$$ 
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$ 
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT) 
BEGIN 
        DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16); 
        DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16); 
        DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16); 
        DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT; 
        DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;
        CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL); 
        SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));
        SET @__interval = 1; 
        create_loop: LOOP 
                IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN 
                        LEAVE create_loop; 
                END IF;
                SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600); 
                SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00'); 
                IF(PARTITION_NAME != OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN 
                        CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP); 
                END IF; 
                SET @__interval=@__interval+1; 
                SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME; 
        END LOOP;
        SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000'); 
        CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);
END$$ 
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$ 
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11)) 
BEGIN 
        DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16); 
        DECLARE RETROWS INT(11); 
        DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;
        /* 
         * Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME. 
         */ 
        SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS 
        FROM information_schema.partitions 
        WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;
        /* 
         * If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table 
         */ 
        IF RETROWS = 1 THEN 
                /* 
                 * Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it.  This is the timestamp below which we will store values. 
                 * We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day.  This is because we don't want to generate a random partition 
                 * that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could 
                 * end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000"). 
                 */ 
                SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00')); 
                SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
                -- Create the partitioning query 
                SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)"); 
                SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");
                -- Run the partitioning query 
                PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL; 
                EXECUTE STMT; 
                DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT; 
        END IF; 
END$$ 
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$ 
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance_all`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32)) 
BEGIN 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 90, 24, 7); 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_log', 90, 24, 7); 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_str', 90, 24, 7); 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_text', 90, 24, 7); 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_uint', 90, 24, 7); 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends', 730, 24, 7); 
                CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends_uint', 730, 24, 7); 
END$$ 
DELIMITER ;

语法格式说明：
CALL partition_maintenance('<zabbix_db_name>', '<table_name>', <days_to_keep_data>, <hourly_interval>, <num_future_intervals_to_create>)

例， CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 90, 24, 7);

90: 意思是对history表未来保留90天分区的数据

24: 意思是对history表每24小时(1天)建立一个分区

7: 意思是对history表每次建立7个分区，如果每天执行存储话，比如今天3月20号第一次执行存储过程会创建3月20号到3月26号 7个分区，明天3月21号创建3月21号到3月27号 7个分区，但是因为21到26号的分区3月20号执行存储过程时已经建立，就只会创建3月27号的一个分区。以后每天依此类推

另外，因为我们zabbix已经有历史数据了，第一次执行存储时会把所有的历史数据全部放入第一个3月20号的分区中

4）第一次手工执行存储过程将table修改为分区表

#nohup /usr/bin/mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u zabbix -pzabbix -D zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');" >> ~/partition.log 2>&1 &

-u db账号

-p db密码

-D dbname

>> ~/partition.log 执行过程写入日志

因为zabbix有历史数据所以第一次执行存储时间较长，执行完成后查看log:

# more /root/partition.log
nohup: ignoring input
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903200000,1553097600)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903210000,1553184000)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903220000,1553270400)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903230000,1553356800)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903240000,1553443200)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903250000,1553529600)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903260000,1553616000)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903270000,1553702400)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903280000,1553788800)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903290000,1553875200)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903300000,1553961600)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201903310000,1554048000)
msg
partition_create(zabbix,history,p201904010000,1554134400)
table partitions_deleted
zabbix.history N/A

也可在db中查看table定义发现table已经改为分区表：

mysql> use zabbix;

mysql> show create table history;

CREATE TABLE `history` (
`itemid` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
`clock` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`value` double(16,4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.0000',
`ns` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
KEY `history_1` (`itemid`,`clock`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (`clock`)
(PARTITION p201903190000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553011200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201903200000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553097600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201903210000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553184000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201903220000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553270400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201903230000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553356800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201903240000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553443200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201903250000 VALUES LESS THAN (1553529600) ENGINE = InnoDB) */;

5）设定每日维护分区排程

# crontab -e
0 1 * * * /usr/bin/mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u zabbix -pzabbix -D zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');" 1>/root/partition_job.log 2>/root/partition_job.bad

6）检查更改 Housekeeper设定

6）关闭MySQL，重启服务器和zabbix服务

参考：

https://www.cnblogs.com/Star-Haitian/articles/10735395.html

https://www.zabbix.org/wiki/Docs/howto/mysql_partition#Documentation