经典SQL

USE master 
GO 
IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysdatabases WHERE name='DB_StudentInfoManagement')
DROP DATABASE DB_StudentInfoManagement
GO
CREATE DATABASE DB_StudentInfoManagement
GO 
USE DB_StudentInfoManagement
GO 
IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='Student')
DROP TABLE Student
GO 
CREATE TABLE Student
(
S# INT  PRIMARY KEY ,--学号
Sname NVARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,--姓名
Sage INT NOT NULL,--年龄
Ssex  NVARCHAR(10) NOT NULL--性别

)
GO

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='Teacher')
DROP TABLE Teacher
GO
CREATE TABLE Teacher
(
 T# INT PRIMARY KEY ,--教师编号
 Tname NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,--教师名
  
)
GO 

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='Course')
DROP TABLE Course
GO
CREATE TABLE Course
(
 C# INT PRIMARY KEY ,--课程号
 Cname NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,--课程名
 T# INT NOT NULL REFERENCES Teacher(T#)--教师编号
)
GO

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE name='SC')
DROP TABLE SC
GO
CREATE TABLE SC
(
 C# INT  NOT NULL REFERENCES dbo.Course(C#),--课程号
 S# INT NOT NULL REFERENCES dbo.Student(S#),--学号
 Score NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,--分数
 CONSTRAINT PK_SC PRIMARY  KEY(C#,S#)
)
--插入测试数据

INSERT INTO dbo.Student SELECT
'1' , N'刘一' , '18' , N'' UNION ALL --不会去除重复数据,Union会自动去除重复数据 SELECT '2' , N'钱二' , '19' , '' UNION ALL SELECT '3' , N'张三' , '17' , N'' UNION ALL SELECT '4' , N'李四' , '18' , N'' UNION ALL SELECT '5' , N'王五' , '17' , N'' UNION ALL SELECT '6' , N'赵六' , '19' , N''; INSERT INTO Teacher SELECT '1' , N'叶平' UNION ALL SELECT '2' , N'贺高' UNION ALL SELECT '3' , N'杨艳' UNION ALL SELECT '4' , N'周磊'; INSERT INTO Course SELECT '1' , N'语文' , '1' UNION ALL SELECT '2' , N'数学' , '2' UNION ALL SELECT '3' , N'英语' , '3' UNION ALL SELECT '4' , N'物理' , '4'; INSERT INTO SC SELECT 1 , 1 , 56 UNION ALL SELECT 1 , 2 , 78 UNION ALL SELECT 1 , 3 , 67 UNION ALL SELECT 1 , 4 , 58 UNION ALL SELECT 2 , 1 , 79 UNION ALL SELECT 2 , 2 , 81 UNION ALL SELECT 2 , 3 , 92 UNION ALL SELECT 2 , 4 , 68 UNION ALL SELECT 3 , 1 , 91 UNION ALL SELECT 3 , 2 , 47 UNION ALL SELECT 3 , 3 , 88 UNION ALL SELECT 3 , 4 , 56 UNION ALL SELECT 4 , 2 , 88 UNION ALL SELECT 4 , 3 , 90 UNION ALL SELECT 4 , 4 , 93 UNION ALL SELECT 5 , 1 , 46 UNION ALL SELECT 5 , 3 , 78 UNION ALL SELECT 5 , 4 , 53 UNION ALL SELECT 6 , 1 , 35 UNION ALL SELECT 6 , 2 , 68 UNION ALL SELECT 6 , 4 , 71;
--1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号; 

--先查出001号,002号课程的学号和成绩
--在使用子查询连表查询 

SELECT  a.S#
FROM    ( SELECT    S# ,
                    Score
          FROM      dbo.SC
          WHERE     C# = '001'
        ) AS a , --001号课程的学号和成绩
        ( SELECT    S# ,
                    Score
          FROM      dbo.SC
          WHERE     C# = '002'
        ) AS b ----002号课程的学号和成绩
WHERE   a.S# = b.S#
        AND a.Score > b.Score; 
       

验证:

SELECT S# ,
Score
FROM dbo.SC
WHERE C# = '001'

SELECT S# ,
Score
FROM dbo.SC
WHERE C# = '002'

--2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;   

--Having子句中,不能使用聚合函数的别名【错误答案:列名 'AvgScore' 无效。】
SELECT S#,AVG(Score)AS AvgScore FROM dbo.SC
GROUP BY S# HAVING AvgScore>60   

--正确答案: SELECT S#,AVG(Score)AS AvgScore FROM dbo.SC GROUP BY S# HAVING AVG(Score)
>60



--3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;

--这里要注意的是,并不是所有学生都选课了,所以要用到外连接,
--因为是要查询所有学生的学号,姓名,,也就是不管该学生,选没选课,都要查出来,所以左表是Student,用左连接

SELECT  S.S# ,
        S.Sname ,
        COUNT(SC.C#) AS SelectCourseCount ,
        SUM(SC.Score) AS TotalScore
FROM    dbo.Student AS S
        LEFT JOIN dbo.SC AS SC ON SC.S# = S.S#
        GROUP BY S.S#,S.Sname;


       
--4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;

--分析,用到模糊查询,只要姓李就行,后面几个字的名,不管
--'%代表任意字符的字符串,_代表单个字符'
--同名的也算,这是明显的。网上的答案是错误的。

--自己的答案
SELECT COUNT(T#)  FROM dbo.Teacher  WHERE Tname LIKE '李%';
 
 --网上的答案:同名的也算,网上的答案是错误的了
 SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT ( Tname ))
 FROM   Teacher
 WHERE  Tname LIKE '李%'; 

验证:

--测试
--SELECT * FROM dbo.Teacher WHERE Tname LIKE '李%';


--5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名; 

--分析:先查出学过叶平老师课的学生学号,再求出Student表中学号不在这其中的就是了

SELECT S#,Sname FROM dbo.Student WHERE S# NOT IN 
(
--学过叶平老师课的学生学号
SELECT DISTINCT( SC.S#) FROM dbo.Course AS C 
INNER JOIN dbo.Teacher AS T ON T.T# = C.T#
INNER  JOIN dbo.SC AS SC   ON SC.C# = C.C#
WHERE T.Tname='叶平'
)
 
--6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名; 

--查出学过001号课程的                                                

SELECT  s.S# ,
        Sname
FROM    dbo.Student AS s
        RIGHT JOIN dbo.SC ON SC.S# = s.S#
WHERE   C# = '001'
        AND EXISTS ( SELECT *
                     FROM   SC AS SC2
                          LEFT JOIN dbo.Student AS s ON s.S# = SC2.S#
                     WHERE  SC2.C# = '002' );


 未完待整理...........

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/caofangsheng/p/5255142.html