python开发技术详解(四)

文章目录:

  1. python内置数据结构
  2. 切片
  3. list查找,排序

  python内置数据结构:列表(list),元组(tuple),字典(dirt)

  map 

  函数可以根据函数,返回相应的结果生成相应的列表。  

list=[1,3,4,5,6,7,8]def a(x):
    return x**2

b=map(a,list);

for i in b:
    print i

  list.append(val) 添加到列表尾部。

  list.remove(val) #一次只移除一个。 从头开始删除。

  list.insert(index,val)

  list.pop()

  

  字典遍历:

dict = {'name':'xyt','age':18,'sex':'male'}

for (x,y) in dict.items():
    print "index: %s value: %s" % (x,y)

  dict.items()

  dict.iteritems()

  dict.setdefault('job','php programer') # 增加新值。#如果存在,则返回该索引对应的值。

  dict.get(index)

  dict.pop(index)

  dict.keys()

  dict.values()

  dict.values(DICT)

深拷贝,浅拷贝

#浅拷贝
import copy
a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]  #原始对象


b=copy.copy(a)
b[1]=12 #b[1]是一个整型,所以不会拷贝复制。只会直接复制他的值。
b[4][1]='c' #对象不一样,共用同一个地址。

print [id(i) for i in a]
print [id(i) for i in b]

print [i for i in a]
print [i for i in b]

output:

[154063024, 154063012, 154063000, 154062988, 3072470444L]
[154063024, 154062892, 154063000, 154062988, 3072470444L]
[1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'c']]
[1, 12, 3, 4, ['a', 'c']]

import copy
a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]  #原始对象


b=copy.deepcopy(a)
b[1]=12 
b[4][1]='c'

print [id(i) for i in a]
print [id(i) for i in b]

print [i for i in a]
print [i for i in b]

output:

[152920240, 152920228, 152920216, 152920204, 3072950348L]
[152920240, 152920108, 152920216, 152920204, 3073071948L]
[1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]
[1, 12, 3, 4, ['a', 'c']]

#赋值
import copy
a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]  #原始对象
b=a

b[1]=12 
b[4][1]='c'

print [id(i) for i in a]
print [id(i) for i in b]

print [i for i in a]
print [i for i in b]

output:

[164077744, 164077612, 164077720, 164077708, 3072609708L]
[164077744, 164077612, 164077720, 164077708, 3072609708L]
[1, 12, 3, 4, ['a', 'c']]
[1, 12, 3, 4, ['a', 'c']]

  

  

  


 切片:

list=[1,5,1,3,4,5,6,7,8]

print list[0:-1]

print list[0:7:2]

output:

[1, 5, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
[1, 1, 4, 6]


查找,排序。

#查找
list=[1,5,1,3,4,5,6,7,8]
print list.index(7, )
#排序
list=[1,5,1,3,4,5,6,7,8]
list.sort() #reverse=True 类表降序排序。
print list

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/canbefree/p/4023134.html