LOJ6485 LJJ 学二项式定理 解题报告

LJJ 学二项式定理

题意

(T)组数据,每组给定(n,s,a_0,a_1,a_2,a_3),求

[sum_{i=0}^n inom{n}{i}s^ia_{imod 4} ]

(998244353)取模

范围

(1le Tle 10^5,1le nle 10^{18},1le s,a_0,a_1,a_2,a_3le 10^8)


单位根反演有个套路

[[kequiv l ( ext{ mod } n) ]=frac{1}{n}sum_{i=0}^{n-1}w_n^{(k-l)} ]

然后用套路推柿子

[egin{aligned} &sum_{i=0}^ninom{n}{i}s^ia_{i mod 4}\ =&sum_{d=0}^3a_dsum_{i=0}^ninom{n}{i}s_i[iequiv dmod 4]\ =&sum_{d=0}^3a_dsum_{i=0}^ninom{n}{i}s_i(frac{1}{4}sum_{j=0}^3w_4^{(i-d)j})\ =&frac{1}{4}sum_{d=0}^3a_dsum_{j=0}^3sum_{i=0}^nw_4^{(i-d)j}inom{n}{i}s^i\ =&frac{1}{4}sum_{d=0}^3a_dsum_{j=0}^3w_4^{-dj}sum_{i=0}^ninom{n}{s}(sw_4^j)^i\ =&frac{1}{4}sum_{d=0}^3a_dsum_{j=0}^3w_4^{-dj}(sw_4^j+1)^n end{aligned} ]


Code:

#include <cstdio>
#include <cctype>
#define ll long long
const int SIZE=1<<21;
char ibuf[SIZE],*iS,*iT;
#define gc() (iS==iT?(iT=(iS=ibuf)+fread(ibuf,1,SIZE,stdin),iS==iT?EOF:*iS++):*iS++)
template <class T>
void read(T &x)
{
	x=0;char c=gc();
	while(!isdigit(c)) c=gc();
	while(isdigit(c)) x=x*10+c-'0',c=gc();
}
const int mod=998244353;
const int inv4=748683265;
inline int add(int a,int b){return a+b>=mod?a+b-mod:a+b;}
#define mul(a,b) (1ll*(a)*(b)%mod)
int qp(int d,int k)
{
	int f=1;
	while(k)
	{
		if(k&1) f=mul(f,d);
		d=mul(d,d);
		k>>=1;
	}
	return f;
}
int w[4],a[4],s;
ll n;
int main()
{
	int T;read(T);
	w[0]=1,w[1]=qp(3,mod-1>>2),w[2]=mod-1,w[3]=mul(w[1],w[2]);
	while(T--)
	{
		read(n),read(s);
		int ans=0;
		for(int a,i=0;i<4;i++)
		{
			read(a);int sum=0;
			for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
			{
				int f=add(mul(s,w[j]),1);
				sum=add(sum,mul(w[(20-i*j)%4],qp(f,n%(mod-1))));
			}
			ans=add(ans,mul(a,sum));
		}
		ans=mul(ans,inv4);
		printf("%d
",ans);
	}
	return 0;
}

2019.5.7

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/butterflydew/p/10828376.html