[技术博客] 利用Vagrant+virtualbox在windows下进行linux开发

加速box安装的方法

在windows下进行linux开发：利用Vagrant+virtualbox

基本教程在此

加速box安装的方法

在网址中点击打开要安装的系统，在vagrant文件夹中执行

$ vagrant init ubuntu/xenial64

A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

我安装的是ubuntu/xenial64，接下来执行

$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Box 'ubuntu/xenial64' could not be found. Attempting to find and install...
    default: Box Provider: virtualbox
    default: Box Version: >= 0
==> default: Loading metadata for box 'ubuntu/xenial64'
    default: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/ubuntu/xenial64
==> default: Adding box 'ubuntu/xenial64' (v20190325.0.0) for provider: virtualbox
    default: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/ubuntu/boxes/xenial64/versions/20190325.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box
    default: Download redirected to host: cloud-images.ubuntu.com
    default: Progress: 0% (Rate: 61440/s, Estimated time remaining: 4:03:53)

Ctrl+C终止下载，得到下载网址https://vagrantcloud.com/ubuntu/boxes/xenial64/versions/20190325.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box 然后复制到迅雷链接里下载。

下载得到文件virtualbox.box，复制文件夹下，执行指令

$ vagrant box add ubuntu/xenial64 virtualbox.box

查看是否安装成功：

$ vagrant list
ubuntu/xenial64 (virtualbox, 0)

接下来

$ vagrant up

用xshell登录

在vagrant文件夹下输入

$ vagrant ssh-config
Host default
  HostName 127.0.0.1
  User vagrant
  Port 2222
  UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
  StrictHostKeyChecking no
  PasswordAuthentication no
  IdentityFile C:/vagrant/ubuntu/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key
  IdentitiesOnly yes
  LogLevel FATAL

得到private_key的地址

root账户登录

https://blog.csdn.net/github_38097011/article/details/83688607

$ sudo -i

换源教程

其他源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35451572/article/details/79516563

1、备份源文件：

$ cd /etc/apt/
$ sudo cp sources.list sources.list.bak 
$ sudo vim sources.list

2、删除原来的内容，替换以下

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
##测试版源 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
# 源码 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
##测试版源 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
# Canonical 合作伙伴和附加 
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ xenial partner 
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

3、更新源和软件

$ sudo apt-get update  #更新源
$ sudo apt-get upgrade #更新软件

一些命令

sudo apt-get update  更新源
sudo apt-get install package 安装包
sudo apt-get remove package 删除包
sudo apt-cache search package 搜索软件包
sudo apt-cache show package  获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等
sudo apt-get install package --reinstall  重新安装包
sudo apt-get -f install  修复安装
sudo apt-get remove package --purge 删除包，包括配置文件等
sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境
sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的包
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统
sudo apt-cache depends package 了解使用该包依赖那些包
sudo apt-cache rdepends package 查看该包被哪些包依赖
sudo apt-get source package  下载该包的源代码
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的包
sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖

安装rvm

网络不是很稳定。。要是尝试很多次

$ sudo curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

换掉源镜像

$ echo "ruby_url=https://cache.ruby-china.com/pub/ruby" > ~/.rvm/user/db

访问rails server

rails server默认只对本机有效，这个地方。。。坑了我太久了。。。

由于我是用的虚拟机，所以实用rails server的时候不能用windows本地浏览器访问

如要其他机器访问，请使用

$ rails server -b 0.0.0.0

然后通过虚拟机的ip地址进行访问rails

RubyMine连接虚拟机上的解释器

https://www.jetbrains.com/help/ruby/configuring-remote-interpreters-using-vagrant.html

1、在settings里的Languages&Frameworks

Ctrl+Alt+S调出Ruby SDK and Gems，Alt+Insert添加new remote

2、选择Vagrant，找到vagrant虚拟机的路径

3、然后指定rvm或者ruby在该虚拟机下的路径，点击ok即可

4、接下来就可以在本地调试了