C++ 纯虚函数接口,标准 C 导出 DLL 函数的用法

CMakeLists.txt

project(virtual) # 创建工程 virtual

add_library(virtual SHARED virtual.cpp) # 创建动态连接库 libvirtual.dll

add_executable(main main.cpp) # 创建运行程序 main.exe

target_link_libraries(main virtual) # 让 main.exe 连接 libvirtual.dll

virtual.h

#pragma once // 只编译一次

#ifndef VIRTUAL_VIRTUAL_H // 头文件定义
#define VIRTUAL_VIRTUAL_H
#endif

#ifdef BUILD_VIRTUAL_DLL // 导入导出标志,使其在 DLL 定义时声明为导出,再 DLL 调用时声明为导入
#define IO_VIRTUAL_DLL __declspec(export) // 导出定义
#else
#define IO_VIRTUAL_DLL __declspec(import) // 导入定义
#endif

extern "C" // 标准 C 格式,防止导出函数名变化
{
IO_VIRTUAL_DLL char *hello(char *pChar); // 导出函数 hello
}

virtual.cpp

#define BUILD_VIRTUAL_DLL // 声明为导出

#include "virtual.h" // 包含头文件

class Base // 纯虚函数基类
{
public:
    virtual char *hello(char *pChar) = 0;
};

class Derived : public Base // 纯虚函数继承类
{
public:
    char *hello(char *pChar);
};

char *Derived::hello(char *pChar) // 继承类需写函数体,否则仍为纯虚类
{
    return pChar;
}

IO_VIRTUAL_DLL char *hello(char *pChar) // 导出函数定义,函数头为头文件导出名,函数体调用纯虚类以实例化
{
    Base *pClass; // 声明基类指针
    pClass = new Derived(); // 指针初始化继承类
    pClass->hello(pChar); // 实例化
}

main.cpp

#include "virtual.h"
#pragma comment(a, "C:UsersPerelman.CLion2016.1systemcmakegeneratedvirtual-2499818224998182Debuglibvirtual.dll.a")
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    cout << hello("Hello world!
") << endl;
    return 0;
}

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virtual.py

import ctypes
# extern "C" 格式的用 CDLL 加载库
hDLL = ctypes.CDLL("C:\Users\Perelman\.CLion2016.1\system\cmake\generated\virtual-24998182\24998182\Debug\libvirtual.dll")
# 定义输入 C 格式
hDLL.hello.argtype = ctypes.c_char_p
# 定义输出 C 格式
hDLL.hello.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
# 返回指针
pointer = hDLL.hello("Hello world!
")
print("pointer = 
", pointer, "
")
# 返回指针指向的值,取值 [pointer],解码 .decode("utf-8")
value = [pointer][0].decode("utf-8")
print("value = 
", value, "
")

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原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/blog-3123958139/p/5587494.html