sshpass-Linux命令之非交互SSH密码验证

参考网址：https://www.cnblogs.com/chenlaichao/p/7727554.html

ssh登陆不能在命令行中指定密码。sshpass的出现，解决了这一问题。sshpass用于非交互SSH的密码验证，一般用在sh脚本中，无须再次输入密码。

它允许你用 -p 参数指定明文密码，然后直接登录远程服务器，它支持密码从命令行、文件、环境变量中读取。

其默认没有安装，需要手动安装，方法如下：

下载网址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/sshpass/files/

[root@db130 ~]# ll /root/sshpass-1.06.tar.gz 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 112205 Mar 25 15:45 /root/sshpass-1.06.tar.gz
[root@db130 ~]# tar -zxf sshpass-1.06.tar.gz 
[root@db130 ~]# cd sshpass-1.06
[root@db130 sshpass-1.06]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sshpass/
[root@db130 sshpass-1.06]# make 
[root@db130 sshpass-1.06]# make install
[root@db130 sshpass-1.06]# cp /usr/local/sshpass/bin/sshpass /usr/bin/ 

# 出现如下，表明安装成功
[root@db130 sshpass-1.06]# sshpass 
Usage: sshpass [-f|-d|-p|-e] [-hV] command parameters
   -f filename   Take password to use from file
   -d number     Use number as file descriptor for getting password
   -p password   Provide password as argument (security unwise)
   -e            Password is passed as env-var "SSHPASS"
   With no parameters - password will be taken from stdin

   -P prompt     Which string should sshpass search for to detect a password prompt
   -v            Be verbose about what you're doing
   -h            Show help (this screen)
   -V            Print version information
At most one of -f, -d, -p or -e should be used
[root@db130 sshpass-1.06]# 

# 用法简介：

-p password  # 后接密码
[root@db130 ~]# sshpass -p '12345678'  ssh root@192.168.142.128 'ifconfig eth0'
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:B0:62:1B  
          inet addr:192.168.142.128  Bcast:192.168.142.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feb0:621b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:5915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:533 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:407552 (398.0 KiB)  TX bytes:111865 (109.2 KiB)

[root@db130 ~]# 

-f filename #后跟保存密码的文件名，密码是文件内容的第一行。
[root@db130 ~]# cat 1.txt 
12345678
[root@db130 ~]# sshpass -f 1.txt ssh root@192.168.142.128
Last login: Mon Mar 25 22:36:05 2019 from 192.168.142.1
[root@xbj128 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.142.128 closed.

-e #将环境变量SSHPASS作为密码，是临时的
[root@db130 ~]# -e #将环境变量SSHPASS作为密码^C
[root@db130 ~]# export SSHPASS=12345678
[root@db130 ~]# sshpass -e ssh root@192.168.142.128 "ifconfig eth0"
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:B0:62:1B  
          inet addr:192.168.142.128  Bcast:192.168.142.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feb0:621b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:6027 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:588 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:419116 (409.2 KiB)  TX bytes:121683 (118.8 KiB)


# 传出本地文件到远程
[root@db130 ~]# sshpass -f 1.txt  scp /root/sshpass-1.06.tar.gz root@192.168.142.128:/root/

# 拉取远程文件到本地
[root@db130 ~]# sshpass -f 1.txt  scp root@192.168.142.128:/root/mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /tmp/