排序
参考资料:经典排序算法总结与实现
1.快速排序
def quick_sort(ary):
return qsort(ary,0,len(ary)-1)
def qsort(ary,left,right):
#快排函数，ary为待排序数组，left为待排序的左边界，right为右边界
if left >= right : return ary
key = ary[left] #取最左边的为基准数
lp = left #左指针
rp = right #右指针
while lp < rp :
while ary[rp] >= key and lp < rp :
rp -= 1
while ary[lp] <= key and lp < rp :
lp += 1
ary[lp],ary[rp] = ary[rp],ary[lp]
ary[left],ary[lp] = ary[lp],ary[left]
qsort(ary,left,lp-1)
qsort(ary,rp+1,right)
return ary
2.归并排序
def merge_sort(ary):
if len(ary) <= 1 : return ary
num = int(len(ary)/2) #二分分解
left = merge_sort(ary[:num])
right = merge_sort(ary[num:])
return merge(left,right) #合并数组
def merge(left,right):
'''合并操作，
将两个有序数组left[]和right[]合并成一个大的有序数组'''
l,r = 0,0 #left与right数组的下标指针
result = []
while l<len(left) and r<len(right) :
if left[l] < right[r]:
result.append(left[l])
l += 1
else:
result.append(right[r])
r += 1
result += left[l:]
result += right[r:]
return result
3.堆排序
def heap_sort(ary) :
n = len(ary)
first = int(n/2-1) #最后一个非叶子节点
for start in range(first,-1,-1) : #构造大根堆
max_heapify(ary,start,n-1)
for end in range(n-1,0,-1): #堆排，将大根堆转换成有序数组
ary[end],ary[0] = ary[0],ary[end]
max_heapify(ary,0,end-1)
return ary
#最大堆调整：将堆的末端子节点作调整，使得子节点永远小于父节点
#start为当前需要调整最大堆的位置，end为调整边界
def max_heapify(ary,start,end):
root = start
while True :
child = root*2 +1 #调整节点的子节点
if child > end : break
if child+1 <= end and ary[child] < ary[child+1] :
child = child+1 #取较大的子节点
if ary[root] < ary[child] : #较大的子节点成为父节点
ary[root],ary[child] = ary[child],ary[root] #交换
root = child
else :
break
排序总结：
