苹果原生推送

很久以前写demo,现在回忆下~~~可能有点错误

GIthub:https://github.com/BigShow1949/YFPushTest

步骤:

1)添加APP ID.

苹果开发者中心: Identifiers--->App IDs 添加一个ID,比如我的Name:YFPushTest, 这里的ID一定是项目的Bundle Identifier , 比如:com.YFPushTest.BigShow.YFPushTest;

2)生成苹果推送证书(生产&测试)

取名比如: com.YFPushTest.BigShow.YFPushTest, 选择APP ID的时候,要选择我们刚才创建的那个,不要选其他了的(很多AppID时候,容易忘记)

3)生成描述文件

取名:YFPushTestProfile, 同样, AppID不要选错了

4)上代码:

  1 #import "AppDelegate.h"
  2 
  3 @interface AppDelegate ()
  4 
  5 @end
  6 
  7 @implementation AppDelegate
  8 
  9 
 10 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
 11 {
 12     //    application.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0;
 13     
 14     if ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 8.0)
 15     {
 16         // 1.请求授权可以给用户发送通知
 17         UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert categories:nil];
 18         
 19         [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
 20     }
 21     else
 22     {
 23         [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
 24     }
 25     
 26     if (launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey])
 27     {
 28         // 跳转
 29     }
 30     
 31     return YES;
 32 }
 33 
 34 
 35 /**
 36  *  远程推送注册成功
 37  *
 38  *  @param deviceToken deviceToken
 39  */
 40 - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
 41 {
 42     // 25bb75ac 3ffcebd7 90d9f517 1ebca904 154a367a 87781e5d b9ea288e 37fdf487
 43     NSLog(@"-----deviceToken ---- ---- %@ devDesc ---%@", deviceToken,deviceToken.description);
 44     
 45     //tokenStr 得到可用的token。
 46     NSString *tokenStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",deviceToken];
 47     tokenStr = [tokenStr stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"<>"]];//将其中的<>去掉
 48     tokenStr = [tokenStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];//将其中的空格去掉
 49     
 50     NSLog(@"token--- %@",tokenStr);
 51 //    //注册成功，返回token
 52 //    UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"APNS返回的Token:" message:tokenStr delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles:@"确定", nil];
 53 //    
 54 //    [alert show];
 55     
 56     //    applicationIconBadgeNumber
 57 }
 58 
 59 
 60 /**
 61  *  注册失败
 62  *
 63  */
 64 - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error
 65 {
 66     
 67     NSLog(@"注册失败 ---- %@",error);
 68     NSString *tokenStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",error];
 69     UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"注册失败!" message:tokenStr delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles:@"确定", nil];
 70     [alert show];
 71     NSLog(@"注册失败%@",error);
 72     
 73     
 74 }//NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);
 75 
 76 
 77 
 78 - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
 79 {
 80     NSLog(@"接收到推送通知 ---- %@", userInfo);
 81     
 82     /*
 83      
 84      "name" : "YFPushTest",
 85      "action_type" : "1",
 86      "message" : "您的车辆京KKKKKK于2016-4-22 驶入邯郸",
 87      "aps" : {
 88         "alert" : "This is some fancy message.",
 89         "badge" : 1,
 90         "sound" :  "您的车辆京KKKKKK于2016-4-22 驶入邯郸"
 91      };
 92      
 93      */
 94     
 95     //    application.applicationIconBadgeNumber -=1;
 96     //将推送消息以alert形式呈现
 97     NSString *message = [[userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"]objectForKey:@"alert"];
 98     
 99     UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:message delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles:@"确定", nil];
100     
101     [alert show];
102 }
103 
104 
105 // This callback will be made upon calling -[UIApplication registerUserNotificationSettings:]. The settings the user has granted to the application will be passed in as the second argument.
106 - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings *)notificationSettings
107 {
108     
109     NSLog(@"ls---- %@",notificationSettings);
110     
111     // 2.注册远程通知
112     [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
113     
114 }//NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;
115 
116 
117 // Called when your app has been activated by the user selecting an action from a remote notification.
118 // A nil action identifier indicates the default action.
119 // You should call the completion handler as soon as you've finished handling the action.
120 - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleActionWithIdentifier:(nullable NSString *)identifier forRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo withResponseInfo:(NSDictionary *)responseInfo completionHandler:(void(^)())completionHandler
121 {
122     
123     NSLog(@"ios9新增 --- %@ -- %@ --- %@",identifier,userInfo,responseInfo);
124     
125     
126 }//NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;
127 
128 
129 // Called when your app has been activated by the user selecting an action from a remote notification.
130 // A nil action identifier indicates the default action.
131 // You should call the completion handler as soon as you've finished handling the action.
132 - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleActionWithIdentifier:(nullable NSString *)identifier forRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo completionHandler:(void(^)())completionHandler
133 {
134     
135     NSLog(@"ios8新增 --- %@ -- %@ --- %@",identifier,userInfo,application);
136     
137     
138 }//NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 @end

5)都搞好了,我们得模拟发推送。这里我们用这个测试程序:https://github.com/shaojiankui/SmartPush 把我们刚刚生成的推送证书下载下来, 然互拖过来:

然后连接服务器,再点击推送就OK~~~~~~

可能出现的问题:

1)注册失败Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=3000 "未找到应用程序的“aps-environment”的授权字符串"

这是因为推动证书设置错误了.而且会调用远程推送注册失败这个方法(- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error);首先检查:三个证书的APPID是否是对的;三个证书是否都双击安装了;APPID的ID是否为项目的Bundle Identifier; 基本也就这些情况吧, 有其他情况的可以评论补充.

6) 生成p12文件或者pem文件给后台

苹果原生推送参考文档：http://superdanny.link/2016/02/02/iOS-Apple-Push-Notification-Service/

PHP需要的.pem 证书：

1.cd 到推送证书所在文件夹

2.把 .cer 的 SSL 证书转化为 .pem 文件（就是在Mac上生成的本地证书）

测试:openssl x509 -in aps_development.cer -inform der -out PushChatCert.pem

生产:openssl x509 -in aps_distribution.cer -inform der -out PushChatCert_distribution.pem

3.把私钥 .p12 文件转化为 .pem 文件

测试:openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -out PushChatKey.pem -in aps_development.p12

生产:openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -out PushChatKey_distribution.pem -in aps_distribution.p12

Enter Import Password:

MAC verified OK

Enter PEM pass phrase:

Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:

4.对生成的两个pem 文件再生成一个pem文件，来把证书和私钥整合到一个文件里

cat PushChatCert.pem PushChatKey.pem > ck.pem

5.测试证书是否正确

telnet gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com 2195

Trying 17.110.226.164...

Connected to gateway.sandbox.push-apple.com.akadns.net.

Escape character is '^]'.

Connection closed by foreign host.

它将尝试发送一个规则的，不加密的连接到APNS服务。如果你看到上面的反馈，那说明你的MAC能够到达APNS。按下Ctrl+C关闭连接。如果得到一个错误信息，那么你需要确保你的防火墙允许2195端口。一般这里都不会出现什么问题

6.使用我们生成的SSL证书和私钥来设置一个安全的链接去链接苹果服务器：

测试:openssl s_client -connect gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195 -cert PushChatCert.pem -key PushChatKey.pem

生产:openssl s_client -connect gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195 -cert PushChatCert_distribution.pem -key PushChatKey_distribution.pem

你会看到一个完整的输出，让你明白OpenSSL在后台做什么。如果链接是成功的，你可以随便输入一个字符，按下回车，服务器就会断开链接，如果建立连接时有问题，OpenSSL会给你返回一个错误信息。

Java/.Net需要的.p12证书

需要一个 .cerSigningRequest(csr)文件

测试:

openssl pkcs12 -export -in PushChatCert.pem -inkey PushChatKey.pem -certfile aps_development.cer -name “PushChat_Development” -out PushChat_Development.p12

生产:

openssl pkcs12 -export -in PushChatCert_distribution.pem -inkey PushChatKey_distribution.pem -certfile aps_distribution.cer -name “PushChat_Distribution” -out PushChat_Distribution.p12

输出下面语句说明成功：

Enter pass phrase for PushChatKey.pem:

Enter Export Password:

Verifying - Enter Export Password:

APNS地址
测试地址gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195
发布地址 gateway.push.apple.com:2195

测试的地址用的是沙盒，发布地址是不同的。发布软件的时候记得改过来

Easy APNS为开发者提供了一种很直观的可以用来控制整个推送通知后端部分的方式。

模拟推送一：通过终端推送

PHP：

1.php push.php

2.结果为：

Connected to APNS

Message successfully delivered

模拟推送二：通过工具推送

Github 上下载推送工具 NWPusher

注意：当上线产品推送证书过期时，不要惊慌，我们不需要更新推送证书之后重新提交 AppStore 。只需要替换服务器端的推送证书即可(记得重启服务器，不然推送在测试环境下有效，但是在真实环境下是无效的)。