Python3 xml模块的增删改查

xml数据示例

<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year updated_by="Alex">2009</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
        <year updated_by="Alex">2012</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" />
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year updated_by="Alex">2012</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
        <info>
            <population>8</population>
            <size>960</size>
        </info>
    </country>
</data>

xml数据处理

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 
'''xml 数据的处理 '''
tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
root = tree.getroot() #数据内存地址
print(root.tag)  #标签
 
'''遍历所有数据'''
for i in root:
    print(i.tag,i.attrib)  #attrib 获取属性名
    for k in i:
        print(k.tag,k.attrib,k.text) #text 文本内容
 
''' 遍历某一个标签的值 '''
for ta in root.iter("year"):
    print(ta.tag,ta.attrib,ta.text)

XML数据的创建

'''xml 数据的创建 '''
new_xml = ET.Element("personinfolist") #Element 根节点
personinfo = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "personinfo", attrib={"enrolled": "yes"})
name = ET.SubElement(personinfo, "name")  #SubElement 子节点
name.text = "Alex Li"
age = ET.SubElement(personinfo, "age", attrib={"checked": "no"})
sex = ET.SubElement(personinfo, "sex")
age.text = '56'
personinfo2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "personinfo", attrib={"enrolled": "no"})
name = ET.SubElement(personinfo2, "name")
name.text = "Oldboy Ran"
age = ET.SubElement(personinfo2, "age")
age.text = '19'
 
et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)  # 生成文档对象
et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)
""" xml_declaration 声明xml文件类型 """
ET.dump(new_xml)  # 打印生成的格式

XML数据的修改

'''xml 数据的修改 '''
for node in root.iter('year'):
    new_year = int(node.text) + 1
    node.text = str(new_year)
    node.set("updated_by", "Alex")
tree.write("xmltest.xml")
 
# 删除node
for country in root.findall('country'):
    rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
    if rank > 50:
        root.remove(country)
tree.write('output.xml')