Node.js_express_临时会话对象 session

临时会话对象 session

也是用来 解决 http 无状态协议的问题（无法区分多次请求是否发送自同一客户端）

npm install express-session

npm install connect-mongo

  • 基本使用
  • const session = require('express-session');
const MongoStore = require('connect-mongo')(session);
  •  
    app.use(express.session({
      secret: 'keyboard cat',    //  加密字符串，参与 sessionid 加密
      saveUninitialized: false, // 在存储某东东之前，不会创建 session 对象
      resave: false, // 如果没有修改 session 对象，就不会重新保存
      store: new MongoStore({
            url: 'mongodb://localhost: 27017/test-app',    // 连接数据库的地址
            touchAfter: 24 * 3600 // 24 小时更新一次
      })
}));

...
    // 设置 session    会在数据库中创建 session 对象
    // 保存 userId=findRet.id 到数据库
    request.session.userId = findRet.id;
...
    // 解析 cookie 中的 session 去数据库中找对应 sessionId 的数据
    // 返回一个 cookie
    const {userId} = request.session;
...
     
  • session 优势

读写二合一

存储数据近乎无限大，取决于 服务器 的存储容量

传输流量小（数据传输过程中 cookie 更小更少）

  • 私有变量 _name
  • 一定要在最开始 激活 session     
    app.use(session({... ...});

登录/注册 实例

package.json

  •  
    {
  "name": "node_express",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "main": "index.js",
  "license": "MIT",
  "dependencies": {
    "connect-mongo": "^2.0.3",
    "cookie-parser": "^1.4.3",
    "ejs": "^2.6.1",
    "express": "^4.16.4",
    "express-session": "^1.15.6",
    "mongoose": "^5.4.0",
    "sha1": "^1.1.1"
  }
}
     

public/login.html

  •  
    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户登录</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2>用户登录</h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/login" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/register">
                        <button type="button">注册</button>
                    </a>
                    <button class="login btn" type="submit">登录</button>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
     

public/register.html

  •  
    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户注册</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="register">
            <h2>用户注册</h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/register" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                </div>
        
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_repeat_pwd">确认密码</label>
                    <input id="input_repeat_pwd" type="password" name="user_repeat_pwd" placeholder="请再次输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_email">注册邮箱</label>
                    <input id="input_email" type="text" name="user_email" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <button class="register btn" type="submit">注册</button>
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/login">
                        <button type="button">登录</button>
                    </a>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
     

public/user_center.html

  •  
    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户中心</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2>个人空间</h2>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
     

public/index.css

  •  
    body {
     100%;
    height: 100%;
    
    color: #000;
    background: #b9c2a4;
    background-size: cover; /* 指定背景图片大小 */
}

/*************************************************/
#outer_box {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    color: #1a45c3;
}

#outer_box.login {
    color: #9e098b;
}

#outer_box.register {
    color: #1a45c3;
}

#outer_box>h2{
    padding-bottom: 40px;
    margin-left: -50px;
}

.clothes {
    position: relative;
     260px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin: 20px 0;
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 32px;
}

.tips {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: -100%;
    margin-left: -50%;
    margin-top: 2px;
     252px;
    height: 32px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #f00;
}

.clothes>label{
     80px;
    text-align: center;
}

.clothes>input{
     170px;
    height: 32px;
}

button {
     100%;
    height: 100%;
    
    font-size: 16px;
    background-color: #c4ceda;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.clothes .btn{
     64px;
    height: 32px;
    margin: 0 20px;
}

.clothes button.register{
    background-color: #1a45c3;
    color: #fff;
}

.clothes button.login{
    background-color: #9e098b;
    color: #fff;
}

#outer_box>h2 {
    position: relative;
}

#server_info {
    display: block;
     139px;
    height: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    
    color: red;
    font-size: 14px;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 20px;
    background-color: #cecece;
}
     

views/login.ejs

  •  
    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户登录</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2>
                用户登录
                <div id="server_info">
                    <%= serverInfo.tips %>
                </div>
            </h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/login" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" value="<%= serverInfo.uName %>" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/register">
                        <button type="button">注册</button>
                    </a>
                    <button class="login btn" type="submit">登录</button>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
     

views/register.ejs

  •  
    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户注册</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="register">
            <h2>用户注册</h2>
            <form action="http://localhost:3000/register" method="post">
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>
                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" value="<%= serverInfo.uName %>" placeholder="请输入用户名" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.nameErr %></div>
                </div>
        
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.passwordErr %></div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_repeat_pwd">确认密码</label>
                    <input id="input_repeat_pwd" type="password" name="user_repeat_pwd" placeholder="请再次输入密码" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.repeatErr %></div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <label for="input_email">注册邮箱</label>
                    <input id="input_email" type="text" name="user_email" value="<%= serverInfo.uEmail %>" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" />
                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.emailErr %></div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="clothes">
                    <button class="register btn" type="submit">注册</button>
                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/login">
                        <button type="button">登录</button>
                    </a>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
     

views/user_center.ejs

  •  
    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>用户中心</title>
        
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <div id="outer_box" class="login">
            <h2><%= serverInfo.uName%> - 个人空间</h2>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
     

db/connectDB.js

  •  
    const mongoose = require('mongoose');

module.exports = new Promise((resolve, reject)=>{
    mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/user_database', {useNewUrlParser:true})
    mongoose.connection.once('open', err=>{
        if(err){
            console.log(err);
            reject(err);
        }else{
            resolve('数据库已连接');
        };
    });
});
     

models/userModel.js

  •  
    const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const Schema = mongoose.Schema;
const fieldSchema = new Schema({
    "userName": {
        "type": String,
        "unique": true,
        "required": true
    },
    "userPassword": {
        "type": String,
        "required": true
    },
    "userEmail": {
        "type": String,
        "unique": true,
        "required": true
    },
    "createTime": {
        "type": Date,
        "default": Date.now()
    }
});

module.exports = mongoose.model("user_info", fieldSchema);
     

routers/get/index_router.js

  •  
    const express = require('express');

const promiseConnect = require('../../db/connectDB.js');
const userInfoModel = require('../../models/userModel.js');

const {resolve} = require('path');
const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

const indexRouter = new express.Router();
indexRouter.use(cookieParser());

/************************ get ***********************/
indexRouter.get('/', (request, response)=>{
    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/login.html'));
});

indexRouter.get('/login', (request, response)=>{
    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/login.html'));
});

indexRouter.get('/register', (request, response)=>{
    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/register.html'));
});

promiseConnect.then(result=>{
    console.log("index_router.js - "+result);
    
    indexRouter.get('/user_center',async (request, response)=>{
        // s4: 解析 cookie 中的 session 去数据库中找对应 sessionId 的数据
        const {userId} = request.session;    // 返回一个 Cookie 对象
        
        if(userId){    // 用户已经登录
            const findRet = await userInfoModel.findOne({"_id":userId});
            if(findRet){
                let serverInfo = {uName:findRet.userName};
                response.render('user_center.ejs', {serverInfo});
            }else{    // 恶意 Cookie
                response.clearCookie("userId");
                response.redirect('/login');
            };
        }else{    // 用户未登录
            response.redirect('/login');
        };
    });
}).catch(err=>console.log(err));

module.exports = indexRouter;
     

routers/post/form_router.js

  •  
    const express =  require('express');

const sha1 =  require('sha1');

const promiseConnect = require('../../db/connectDB.js');
const userInfoModel = require('../../models/userModel.js');

const formRouter = new express.Router();

/************************ post ***********************/
let logged = false ;
promiseConnect.then(result=>{
    console.log("form_router.js - "+result);
    
    formRouter.post('/register', async (request, response)=>{
        const {
            user_name:uName,
            user_pwd:uPwd,
            user_repeat_pwd:urePwd,
            user_email:uEmail,
        } = request.body;    /**** 解构赋值 ****/
        
        userInfo = {
            "userName": uName,
            "userPassword": uPwd,
            "userEmail": uEmail
        };
    
        let serverInfo = {uName, uEmail};
        
        if(urePwd !== uPwd){
            serverInfo.repeatErr = '密码两次输入不一致';
        };
        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]{5,20}$/.test(uName))){
            serverInfo.nameErr = '用户名不合法';
        };
        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,20}$/.test(uPwd))){
            serverInfo.passwordErr = '密码不合法';
        };
        if(!(/^w+([-+.]w+)*@w+([-.]w+)*.w+([-.]w+)*$/.test(uEmail))){
            serverInfo.emailErr = '邮箱不合法';
        };
    
        const fond = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userName": uName});
        if(fond){
            serverInfo.nameErr = '用户名已被注册';
        };
        
        const badEmail = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userEmail": uEmail});
        if(badEmail){
            serverInfo.emailErr = '邮箱已被注册';
        };
        
        if(serverInfo.repeatErr || serverInfo.nameErr || serverInfo.passwordErr || serverInfo.emailErr){
            response.render('register.ejs', {serverInfo});    // 渲染错误信息
            return;
        }else{
            userInfo.userPassword = sha1(userInfo.userPassword);
            await userInfoModel.create(userInfo);
            response.redirect('/login');    // 跳转到登录
        };
    });
    
    formRouter.post('/login',async (request, response)=>{
        logged = false;
        let uName = request.body['user_name'];
        let uPwd = request.body['user_pwd'];
        userInfo = {
            "userName": uName,
            "userPassword": uPwd
        };
        
        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]{5,20}$/.test(uName))){
            logged = false;
        }else if(!(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,20}$/.test(uPwd))){
            logged = false;
        };
        try{
            const findName = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userName": uName});
            if(findName && (findName.userPassword===sha1(uPwd)) ){
                logged = true;
            };
            
            let serverInfo = {uName};
            if(logged){
                // s3: 设置 session    会在数据库中创建 session 对象
                // 保存 userId=findRet.id 到数据库
                request.session.userId = findName.id;
                
                response.redirect('/user_center');    // 跳转到用户 个人空间 页面
            }else{
                serverInfo.tips='用户名或密码错误';
                response.render('login.ejs', {serverInfo});    // 渲染错误信息
            };
        }catch(err) {
            console.log(err);
        }
    });
}).catch(err=>console.log(err));

module.exports = formRouter;
     

index.js

  •  
    const express =  require('express');
// s1: 导入 session 模块
const session = require('express-session');
const mongoSession = require('connect-mongo')(session);

const app = express();

const indexRouter = require('./routers/get/index_router.js');
const formRouter = require('./routers/post/form_router.js');

app.set('views', 'views');    // 1. 配置模板路径
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');    // 2. 配置模板引擎

/*********************** 中间件 **********************/
// s2: 通过中间件，激活 session
app.use(session({
    secret: 'myMongoSession',
    saveUninitialized: false,
    resave: false,
    store: new mongoSession({
        url: 'mongodb://localhost:27017/user_database',
        touchAfter: 1000*3600*24
    })
}));

// 暴露路由 login.html register.html
app.use(express.static('public'));    // 默认调用 next();

// 将 用户输入的数据 挂载到 请求体 request.body  上
app.use(express.urlencoded({extended: true}));    // 默认调用 next();

app.use(indexRouter);
app.use(formRouter);

/**************** 端口号 3000, 启动服务器 ***************/
app.listen(3000, err=>console.log(err?err:'

服务器已启动: http://localhost:3000
		Hunting Happy!'));
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/baixiaoxiao/p/10573507.html