redis 官网 http://redis.io/
中文网站 http://redis.cn/
谷歌代码的redis项目 https://code.google.com/p/redis/
http://www.oschina.net/p/redis/
在oschina.net的介绍：
Redis 是一个高性能的key-value数据库。 redis的出现，很大程度补偿了memcached这类keyvalue存储的不足，在部 分场合可以对关系数据库起到很好的补充作用。它提供了Python，Ruby，Erlang，PHP客户端，使用很方便。 性能测试结果： SET操作每秒钟 110000 次，GET操作每秒钟 81000 次，服务器配置如下： Linux 2.6, Xeon X3320 2.5Ghz. stackoverflow 网站使用 Redis 做为缓存服务器。
我要做的事情就是，在多台linux服务器中，部署redis，由于redis的集群功能没有完全编写好，见：http://redis.io/topics/cluster-spec
目前 redis的最新版本是：redis-2.6.13.tar.gz
但是redis可以做一个主从复制的设置，见redis.conf的 复制【REPLICATION】 部分注释和设置
################################# REPLICATION ################################# # Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of # another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave # so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a # different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on. # # slaveof <masterip> <masterport> # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration # directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will # refuse the slave request. # # masterauth <master-password> # When a slave loses its connection with the master, or when the replication # is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways: # # 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the slave will # still reply to client requests, possibly with out of date data, or the # data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization. # # 2) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'no' the slave will reply with # an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands # but to INFO and SLAVEOF. # slave-serve-stale-data yes # You can configure a slave instance to accept writes or not. Writing against # a slave instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data (because data # written on a slave will be easily deleted after resync with the master) but # may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a # misconfiguration. # # Since Redis 2.6 by default slaves are read-only. # # Note: read only slaves are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients # on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance. # Still a read only slave exports by default all the administrative commands # such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extend you can improve # security of read only slaves using 'rename-command' to shadow all the # administrative / dangerous commands. slave-read-only yes # Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change # this interval with the repl_ping_slave_period option. The default value is 10 # seconds. # # repl-ping-slave-period 10 # The following option sets a timeout for both Bulk transfer I/O timeout and # master data or ping response timeout. The default value is 60 seconds. # # It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value # specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected # every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave. # # repl-timeout 60 # Disable TCP_NODELAY on the slave socket after SYNC? # # If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and # less bandwidth to send data to slaves. But this can add a delay for # the data to appear on the slave side, up to 40 milliseconds with # Linux kernels using a default configuration. # # If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the slave side will # be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication. # # By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions # or when the master and slaves are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may # be a good idea. repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no # The slave priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO output. # It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a slave to promote into a # master if the master is no longer working correctly. # A slave with a low priority number is considered better for promotion, so # for instance if there are three slaves with priority 10, 100, 25 Sentinel will # pick the one wtih priority 10, that is the lowest. # # However a special priority of 0 marks the slave as not able to perform the # role of master, so a slave with priority of 0 will never be selected by # Redis Sentinel for promotion. # # By default the priority is 100. slave-priority 100
看了上面的默认配置，其实也很容易理解，修改下就可以配置主从复制了，有 slaveof <masterip> <masterport> ，就成了 从服务器 ，没有就是 主服务器。
还有 主服务器 安全的设置
################################## SECURITY ################################### # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other # commands. This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust # others with access to the host running redis-server. # # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers). # # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break. # # requirepass foobared # Command renaming. # # It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared # environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something # hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools # but not available for general clients. # # Example: # # rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52 # # It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into # an empty string: # # rename-command CONFIG "" # # Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the # AOF file or transmitted to slaves may cause problems.
对了，redis的编译安装非常简单，下载redis-2.6.13.tar.gz后，
tar xvf redis-2.6.13.tar.gz
cd redis-2.6.13
make && make install
将会把redis-server、redis-cli、redis-benchmark、redis-check-aof、redis-check-dump 五个文件复制到 /usr/local/bin/下
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/bin 总用量 12464 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3853805 6月 18 18:54 redis-benchmark -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 16459 6月 18 18:54 redis-check-aof -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 37707 6月 18 18:54 redis-check-dump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3909826 6月 18 18:54 redis-cli -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4931736 6月 18 18:54 redis-server [root@localhost ~]#
然后将源码中的 redis.conf 复制到 /etc/redis.conf
再制作一个 init.d 的启动脚本：
#!/usr/bin/env bash # # redis start up the redis server daemon # # chkconfig: 345 99 99 # description: redis service in /etc/init.d/redis # chkconfig --add redis or chkconfig --list redis # service redis start or service redis stop # processname: redis-server # config: /etc/redis.conf PATH=/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin REDISPORT=6379 EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server REDIS_CLI=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli PIDFILE=/var/run/redis.pid CONF="/etc/redis.conf" #make sure some dir exist if [ ! -d /var/lib/redis ] ;then mkdir -p /var/lib/redis mkdir -p /var/log/redis fi case "$1" in status) ps -A|grep redis ;; start) if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed" else echo "Starting Redis server..." $EXEC $CONF fi if [ "$?"="0" ] then echo "Redis is running..." fi ;; stop) if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running" else PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..." $REDIS_CLI -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN while [ -x ${PIDFILE} ] do echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..." sleep 1 done echo "Redis stopped" fi ;; restart|force-reload) ${0} stop ${0} start ;; *) echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2 exit 1 esac
将上面内容复制到 /etc/init.d/redis
chkconfig --add redis
chkconfig --list redis
service redis start
开启了服务，对了忘记了 /etc/redis.conf里面可以把 daemonize no 修改为
daemonize yes
就可以默认在后台执行redis-server了。
这就是主服务器，从服务器，配置一样，只不过 修改/etc/redis.conf 中
slaveof <masterip> 6379
然后开启从服务器的redis服务。
测试
#主服务器 redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world #从服务器 redis-cli -p 6379 get hello "world" #主服务器 redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world2 #从服务器 redis-cli -p 6379 get hello "world2" redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world (error) READONLY You can't write against a read only slave. #成功 配置主从redis 服务器。好简单啊。
由于配置中有一条 从服务器 是只读的，所以从服务器 没法设置数据，只可以读取数据。