1、 检索所有文档
GET bus/product/_search
2、 term检索
term是代表完全匹配，也就是精确查询，搜索前不会再对搜索词进行分词，所以我们的搜索词必须是文档分词集合中的一个，如果没有安装分词插件，汉字分词按每个汉字来分。
查询不到内容：
GET bus/product/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"producer": "公交"
}
}
}
producer中所有带“公”的文档都会被查询出来
GET bus/product/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"producer": "公"
}
}
}
3、 match检索
match查询会先对搜索词进行分词,分词完毕后再逐个对分词结果进行匹配，因此相比于term的精确搜索，match是分词匹配搜索
描述中带有机场酒店四个字的各种组合的文档都会被返回
GET bus/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"desc": "机场酒店"
}
}
}
4、 分页
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 3,
"query": {
"match": {
"desc": "机场酒店"
}
}
}
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 5,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
5、 过滤字段source filtering，类似select a,b from table中a,b。通过_source将缺省返回所有字段进行调整。
5.1 选择字段，只返回name和desc字段
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0, "size": 1,
"_source": ["name","desc"] ,
"query": {
"match": {
"desc": "机场"
}
}
}
####
{
"took" : 294,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 13,
"max_score" : 1.9804206,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "8",
"_score" : 1.9804206,
"_source" : {
"name" : "机场大巴A2线",
"desc" : "机机场场"
}
}
]
}
}
5.2 禁止_source返回内容
GET /bus/_search
{
"from": 0, "size": 1,
"_source": false,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
#####
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 27,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "20",
"_score" : 1.0
}
]
}
}
5.3 支持通配
GET /bus/_search
{
"from": 0, "size": 1,
"_source": "name*",
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
####
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 27,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "20",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "空港豪华大巴A2线"
}
}
]
}
}
6、 检索结果显示版本
GET bus/_search
{
"version": true,
"from": 0,
"size": 3,
"query": {
"match": {
"desc": "机场酒店"
}
}
}
7、 按评分检索过滤
GET bus/_search
{
"version": true,
"min_score":"2.3", #大于2.3
"from": 0,
"size": 3,
"query": {
"match": {
"desc": "机场酒店"
}
}
}
8、 高亮关键字
GET bus/_search
{
"version": true,
"from": 0,
"size": 3,
"query": {
"match": {
"desc": "机场酒店"
}
}
, "highlight": {
"fields": {
"desc": {}
}
}
}
9、 短语匹配match_phrase
与match query类似，但用于匹配精确短语，分词后所有词项都要出现在该字段中，字段中的词项顺序要一致。
GET bus/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"name": "公交车122"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 4,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 3.4102418,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 3.4102418,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车122路",
"desc" : "从前兴路枢纽到东站",
"price" : 2,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调"
]
}
}
]
}
}
对比match
GET bus/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "公交车122"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 3,
"max_score" : 5.3417225,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 5.3417225,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车5路",
"desc" : "从巫家坝到梁家河",
"price" : 1,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"双层",
"普通",
"热门"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 3.4102418,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车122路",
"desc" : "从前兴路枢纽到东站",
"price" : 2,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 2.1597636,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车5路",
"desc" : "从巫家坝到梁家河",
"price" : 1,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"双层",
"普通",
"热门"
]
}
}
]
}
}
10、短语前缀查询match_phrase_prefix
match_phrase_prefix与match_phrase相同，只是它允许在文本中的最后一个词的前缀匹配
GET bus/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"name": "公交车1"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 3,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 6.8204837,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 6.8204837,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车122路",
"desc" : "从前兴路枢纽到东站",
"price" : 2,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调"
]
}
}
]
}
}
对比：
GET bus/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"name": "公交车1"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 0,
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}
11、 多字段查询multi_match
GET bus/_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match": {
"query": "空港",
"fields": ["desc","name"]
}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 3,
"max_score" : 3.6836727,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "16",
"_score" : 3.6836727,
"_source" : {
"name" : "机场大巴A2线",
"desc" : "空港",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "18",
"_score" : 3.5525968,
"_source" : {
"name" : "空港大巴A2线",
"desc" : "机场",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "19",
"_score" : 3.1757839,
"_source" : {
"name" : "空港大巴A2线",
"desc" : "空港快线",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
]
}
}
]
}
}
12、范围检索，range查询用于匹配数值型、日期型或字符串型字段在某一范围内的文档。
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 10,
"query": {
"range": {
"updateDate": {
"gte": "2018-12-01",
"lte": "2018-12-31",
"format": "yyyy-MM-dd"
}
}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 2,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "13",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "机场大巴A2线",
"desc" : "机机场场",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "机场大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-12-20"
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "12",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "机场大巴A2线",
"desc" : "机机场场",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "机场大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-12-01"
}
}
]
}
}
可以不加索引，表示搜索所有索引。
GET /_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 10,
"query": {
"range": {
"updateDate": {
"gte": "2018-12-01",
"lte": "2018-12-31",
"format": "yyyy-MM-dd"
}
}
}
}
{
"took" : 14,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 22,
"successful" : 20,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 4,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "13",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "机场大巴A2线",
"desc" : "机机场场",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "机场大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-12-20"
}
},
{
"_index" : "home",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"title" : "My first post3",
"memo" : "a test23",
"updateDate" : "2018-12-13"
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "12",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "机场大巴A2线",
"desc" : "机机场场",
"price" : 21,
"producer" : "机场大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-12-01"
}
},
{
"_index" : "home",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"title" : "My first post2",
"memo" : "a test2",
"updateDate" : "2018-12-12"
}
}
]
}
}
13、检索字段或者值是否存在，exists查询
只能返回field字段存在，并且不为null的数据。
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"exists": {"field": "desc1"}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 22,
"successful" : 20,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 0,
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}
13.1 返回索引中没有某个字段的记录
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,"size": 1,
"query": {
"bool": {
"must_not": [
{
"exists": {"field": "updateDate"}
}
]
}
}
}
返回记录中缺少updateDate字段或者值为null的
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 7,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车5路",
"desc" : "从巫家坝到梁家河",
"price" : 1,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"双层",
"普通",
"热门"
]
}
}
]
}
}
13.2 返回存在字段，并且不能为null
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,"size": 1,
"query": {
"exists": {"field": "updateDate"}
}
}
或
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,"size": 1,
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{"exists": {"field": "updateDate"}}
]
}
}
}
返回记录中有updateDate:
{
"took" : 3,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 20,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "20",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "空港豪华大巴A2线",
"desc" : "空港快线",
"price" : 35,
"producer" : "大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴",
"豪华"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-07-20"
}
}
]
}
}
14、prefix query前缀查询，Matches documents that have fields containing terms with a specified prefix (not analyzed)
GET _search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 2,
"query": {
"prefix": {
"name": "公" #根据分词
}
}
}
{
"took" : 4,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 22,
"successful" : 20,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 3,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车5路",
"desc" : "从巫家坝到梁家河",
"price" : 1,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"双层",
"普通",
"热门"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-03-01"
}
},
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "公交车5路",
"desc" : "从巫家坝到梁家河",
"price" : 1,
"producer" : "公交集团",
"tags" : [
"双层",
"普通",
"热门"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-02-01"
}
}
]
}
}
15、wildcard查询（通配符查询）
支持*和?通配查询.
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"wildcard" : { "user" : "ki*y" }
}
}
16、regexp查询（正则表达式查询）
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference//6.5/query-dsl-regexp-query.html
17、模糊查询fuzzy query
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/6.5/query-dsl-fuzzy-query.html
18、ids查询
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"ids": {
"type": "product",
"values": [1,2]
}
}
}
19、排序
19.1 常规排序
GET bus/_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 50,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"updateDate": {
"order": "desc"
}
},
{
"price": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
19.2 字段多值情况下排序，在字段内容是数组的情况下，排序可以指定按数组的min、max、avg、sum、median等聚合方式来排序
先把id为13的文档字段updateDate更新成数组
POST /bus/product/13/_update
{
"doc": {"updateDate":["2018-12-20","2018-01-01"]}
}
如果是多字段，按最小字段排序
GET /bus/_search
{
"from": 0, "size": 100,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"updateDate": {
"order": "desc",
"mode": "min"
}
}
]
}
返回略：排序按数组中"2018-01-01"来排序
19.3 无值字段排序，在某些记录没有排序的字段或者字段为null
GET /_search
{
"sort" : [
{ "price" : {"missing" : "_last"} }
],
"query" : {
"term" : { "product" : "chocolate" }
}
}
缺省情况下是_last排序，可以选择_first排序
19.4 经纬度排序
下例中：pin.location是一个经纬度字段(geo_point)
GET /_search
{
"sort" : [
{
"_geo_distance" : {
"pin.location" : [-70, 40],
"order" : "asc",
"unit" : "km",
"mode" : "min",
"distance_type" : "arc",
"ignore_unmapped": true
}
}
],
"query" : {
"term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
}
}
distance_type：计算距离，arc(缺省)或者plane（快，但是不准确）
20、格式化字段返回值，一般用于时间和数字。
GET /bus/_search
{
"from": 0, "size": 1,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"docvalue_fields": [
{
"field":"updateDate",
"format":"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"
},
{
"field":"price",
"format":"0.00"
}
]
}
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 27,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "bus",
"_type" : "product",
"_id" : "20",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "空港豪华大巴A2线",
"desc" : "空港快线",
"price" : 35,
"producer" : "大巴",
"tags" : [
"单层",
"空调",
"大巴",
"豪华"
],
"updateDate" : "2018-07-20"
},
"fields" : {
"updateDate" : [
"2018-07-20 12:00:00"
],
"price" : [
"35.00"
]
}
}
]
}
}
21、多条件检索记录filter
返回名字中包含空港以及价格小于等于21的记录
GET /bus/_search
{
"from": 0,"size": 1,
"query": {
"bool": {
"filter": [
{"match":{"name":"空港"}},
{"range":{"price":{"lte":21}}}
]
}
}
}
返回：
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shirts",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.0,
"_source" : {
"brand" : "gucci",
"color" : "red",
"model" : "slim"
}
}
]
}
}
22、返回检索计数
GET /bus/_count
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "空港"
}
}
}
{
"count" : 9,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 3,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
}
}
23、解释api， explain api ，用于分析检索语句是否命中
GET /bus/product/26/_explain
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name":{
"operator": "and",
"query": "空港"
}
}
}
}