配置DataGuard

1、概述和说明

单实例数据库.只需安装grid、oracle software、不需要安装oracle database. 

2、安装前准备工作

preusers.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash
groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1201 asmdba
groupadd -g 1202 asmoper
groupadd -g 1300 dba
groupadd -g 1301 oper

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "grid Infrastructure Owner" grid
echo "grid" | passwd --stdin grid
echo 'export PS1="`/bin/hostname -s`-> "'>> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export TMP=/tmp">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export TMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_SID=+ASM">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'" >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib' >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib' >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export EDITOR=vi" >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export LANG=en_US" >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8" >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "umask 022">> /home/grid/.bash_profile

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
echo 'export PS1="`/bin/hostname -s`-> "' >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export TMP=/tmp" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export TMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rhels5532.localdomain">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_SID=phydb">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_UNQNAME=phydb">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib' >> /home/oracle/.bash_profileecho "export DISPLAY=192.168.56.1:0.0" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
preusers.sh

predir.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0
chmod -R 775 /u01
2、predir.sh

prelimits.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash
cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak
echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "Modifing the /etc/security/limits.conf has been succeed."
prelimits.sh

prelogin.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash
echo "Now modify the /etc/pam.d/login,but with a backup named /etc/pam.d/login.bak"
cp /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login.bak
echo "session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login
echo "session required pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login
echo "Modifing the /etc/pam.d/login has been succeed."
prelogin.sh

preprofile.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash
echo "Now modify the /etc/profile,but with a backup named /etc/profile.bak"
cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.bak
echo 'if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then' >> /etc/profile
echo 'if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then' >> /etc/profile
echo 'ulimit -p 16384' >> /etc/profile
echo 'ulimit -n 65536' >> /etc/profile
echo 'else' >> /etc/profile
echo 'ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536' >> /etc/profile
echo 'fi' >> /etc/profile
echo 'fi' >> /etc/profile
echo "Modifing the /etc/profile has been succeed."
preprofile.sh

presysctl.sh

#!/usr/bin/bash
echo "Now modify the /etc/sysctl.conf,but with a backup named /etc/sysctl.bak"
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmall = 2097152" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmmax = 1054472192" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048586" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "Modifing the /etc/sysctl.conf has been succeed."
echo "Now make the changes take effect....."
sysctl -p
presysctl.sh

莫要忘记将上述脚本赋予可执行权限.

>>配置虚拟内存

默认虚拟内存大小为1G,搭建DG建议调整为3G.如何搭建,请参考文章

>>配置共享磁盘

磁盘分配情况(三块共享磁盘和一块普通磁盘)

  • GRIDDG 存放grid软件安装文件
  • DATA 数据库文件存放
  • FLASH 闪回数据文件存放
  •  普通磁盘 用来存放数据库备份文件
    • 做文件系统 
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x437fc4bc.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1305, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305): 
Using default value 1305

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
格式化磁盘
[root@11gdg ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2620595 blocks
131029 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
[root@11gdg /]# mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /rman_backup/
mount
[root@11gdg /]# df -Th
Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2     ext4     16G  2.9G   13G  20% /
tmpfs        tmpfs    751M     0  751M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1     ext4    9.9G  151M  9.2G   2% /rman_backup
df -Th         
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Jun 28 01:39:52 2013
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=d2abcbb7-dc9b-4fdd-9971-4f1060f19187 /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=a42a3594-4da2-4371-b20c-2ca36d569356 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1               /rman_backup            ext4    defaults        0 0
vi /etc/fstab

>>安装ASM packages

[root@11gdg ~]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:oracleasm-support      ########################################### [100%]
[root@11gdg ~]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:oracleasmlib           ########################################### [100%]
[root@11gdg ~]# which oracleasm
/usr/sbin/oracleasm
View Code

3、安装Grid Infrastructure

在rac环境下安装grid时,需要执行./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst验证,但是在dataguard中,则不需要执行此验证.

4、安装Oracle 软件

在安装grid infrastructure与oracle software时,由于与检查一项有时会报警告信息,在解决那些警告信心后,接着执行真正的安装操作时,有时会报java.lang.null错误,此时可以退出当前安装,然后再从头开始安装即可.估计是oracle的一个bug.

查看主库是否处于强制日志force logging

[root@node1 ~]# su - oracle
node1-> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Jul 3 17:31:40 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select name,log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;

NAME      LOG_MODE     FOR
--------- ------------ ---
DEVDB     ARCHIVELOG   YES
DEVDB     ARCHIVELOG   YES
force logging view

假如force logging 为no,通过命令alter database force logging;完成.

10、RAC主库配置单实例ActiveDataGuard

10.1、RAC主库准备工作

1、RAC主库必须设置为归档模式

SQL> select open_mode,log_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE            LOG_MODE
-------------------- ------------
READ WRITE           ARCHIVELOG
View Code

2、RAC主库必须置为ForceLogging模式

SQL> select name,log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;

NAME      LOG_MODE     FOR
--------- ------------ ---
DEVDB     ARCHIVELOG   NO
DEVDB     ARCHIVELOG   NO

SQL> alter database force logging;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;

NAME      LOG_MODE     FOR
--------- ------------ ---
DEVDB     ARCHIVELOG   YES
DEVDB     ARCHIVELOG   YES
View Code

 3、RAC主库执行RMAN全备

RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> allocate channel c2 type disk;
4> allocate channel c3 type disk;
5> allocate channel c4 type disk;
6> backup database format '/rman_backup/Full_%U.bak';
7> release channel c1;
release channel c2;
9> release channel c3;
10> release channel c4;
11> }

allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=157 instance=devdb1 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=28 instance=devdb1 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c3
channel c3: SID=141 instance=devdb1 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c4
channel c4: SID=29 instance=devdb1 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 2013/07/07 18:01:26
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.820154751
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.820155189
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:01:29
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.820154753
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.820154753
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:01:30
channel c3: starting full datafile backup set
channel c3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.820154917
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.820154753
channel c3: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:01:34
channel c4: starting full datafile backup set
channel c4: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel c4: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:02:16
channel c4: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:02:54
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_04oe5mru_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127 comment=NONE
channel c4: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:38
channel c4: starting full datafile backup set
channel c4: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel c4: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:02:59
channel c3: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:03:16
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_03oe5mrr_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127 comment=NONE
channel c3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:42
channel c4: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:03:16
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_05oe5muh_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127 comment=NONE
channel c4: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:17
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:03:36
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_01oe5mro_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:07
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:03:36
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_02oe5mrp_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:06
Finished backup at 2013/07/07 18:03:36

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

released channel: c3

released channel: c4

RMAN> backup archivelog all format '/rman_backup/ARC_%U.bak';

Starting backup at 2013/07/07 18:04:23
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=157 instance=devdb1 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=4 STAMP=820168345
input archived log thread=2 sequence=1 RECID=1 STAMP=820155385
input archived log thread=2 sequence=2 RECID=2 STAMP=820157344
input archived log thread=2 sequence=3 RECID=3 STAMP=820159547
input archived log thread=2 sequence=4 RECID=7 STAMP=820168919
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=5 STAMP=820168304
input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=6 STAMP=820168917
input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=8 STAMP=820168919
input archived log thread=2 sequence=5 RECID=9 STAMP=820171556
input archived log thread=2 sequence=6 RECID=11 STAMP=820173866
input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=10 STAMP=820173865
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:04:27
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:04:34
piece handle=/rman_backup/ARC_06oe5n1b_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180427 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 2013/07/07 18:04:34
View Code 

4、RAC主库执行创建物理备库控制文件

RMAN> backup device type disk format '/rman_backup/standby_%U.ctl' current controlfile for standby;

Starting backup at 2013/07/07 18:06:59
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:07:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013/07/07 18:07:04
piece handle=/rman_backup/standby_07oe5n64_1_1.ctl tag=TAG20130707T180700 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2013/07/07 18:07:04

RMAN> 
View Code 

5、RAC主库创建物理备库初始化参数文件

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      +DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL> create pfile='/rman_backup/initphydb.ora' from spfile;

File created.

SQL> 
View Code 

6、RAC主库修改口令文件,使双节点SYS用户口令一致 

SQL> alter user sys identified by Oracle168;

User altered.

SQL> 
node1 
SQL> show user
USER is "SYS"
SQL> alter user sys identified by Oracle168;

User altered.

SQL> 
node2 

配置完口令文件之后,最好在节点上进行登陆验证一下

验证之前,需要现在各自节点中配置一下tnsnames.ora文件

devdb1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = racnode1.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = devdb)
      (INSTANCE_NAME = devdb1)
    )
  )

devdb2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = racnode2.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = devdb)
      (INSTANCE_NAME = devdb2)
    )
  )
racnode1 tnsnames.ora配置

10.2、物理备库准备工作

1、FTP主库备份文件、备库控制文件、备库参数文件至物理备库服务器

[root@node1 rman_backup]# scp ARC_06oe5n1b_1_1.bak Full_0* initphydb.ora standby_07oe5n64_1_1.ctl 192.168.1.212:/rman_backup/
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.212 (192.168.1.212)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 24:d2:2e:9c:ed:0b:ca:f9:a7:94:3f:4d:e6:b7:ab:1c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.212' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.212's password: 
ARC_06oe5n1b_1_1.bak                                                                                                                                                         100%   95MB   9.5MB/s   00:10    
Full_01oe5mro_1_1.bak                                                                                                                                                        100%  626MB   2.2MB/s   04:48    
Full_02oe5mrp_1_1.bak                                                                                                                                                        100%  437MB   2.4MB/s   03:05    
Full_03oe5mrr_1_1.bak                                                                                                                                                        100%   82MB   9.1MB/s   00:09    
Full_04oe5mru_1_1.bak                                                                                                                                                        100%   18MB   8.8MB/s   00:02    
Full_05oe5muh_1_1.bak                                                                                                                                                        100%   96KB  96.0KB/s   00:00    
initphydb.ora                                                                                                                                                                100% 1345     1.3KB/s   00:00    
standby_07oe5n64_1_1.ctl                                                                                                                                                     100%   18MB  17.7MB/s   00:01    
[root@node1 rman_backup]# 
View Code 
[root@11gdg rman_backup]# ll
total 1306684
-rw-r----- 1 root   root      99957248 Jul  8 02:10 ARC_06oe5n1b_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 root   root     656031744 Jul  8 02:12 Full_01oe5mro_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 root   root     458571776 Jul  8 02:13 Full_02oe5mrp_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 root   root      86261760 Jul  8 02:14 Full_03oe5mrr_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 root   root      18546688 Jul  8 02:14 Full_04oe5mru_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 root   root         98304 Jul  8 02:14 Full_05oe5muh_1_1.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root          1345 Jul  8 02:14 initphydb.ora
drwx------ 2 oracle oinstall     16384 Jul  8 01:02 lost+found
-rw-r----- 1 root   root      18546688 Jul  8 02:14 standby_07oe5n64_1_1.ctl
[root@11gdg rman_backup]# cd ..
[root@11gdg /]# ll
total 116
dr-xr-xr-x.   2 root   root      4096 Jul  6 21:59 bin
dr-xr-xr-x.   4 root   root      4096 Jun 28 01:48 boot
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root   root      4096 Apr 29  2012 cgroup
drwxr-xr-x   17 root   root      4120 Jul  8 01:07 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 105 root   root     12288 Jul  8 01:07 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   4 root   root      4096 Jul  6 21:01 home
dr-xr-xr-x.  13 root   root      4096 Jul  6 21:53 lib
dr-xr-xr-x.   9 root   root     12288 Jul  6 21:53 lib64
drwx------.   2 root   root     16384 Jun 28 01:34 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root   root      4096 Nov  1  2011 media
drwxr-xr-x    2 root   root         0 Jul  8 01:07 misc
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root   root      4096 Nov  1  2011 mnt
drwxr-xr-x    2 root   root         0 Jul  8 01:07 net
drwxr-xr-x.   5 root   root      4096 Jul  6 22:15 opt
dr-xr-xr-x  126 root   root         0 Jul  8 01:06 proc
drwxrwxr-x    3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul  8 02:14 rman_backup
dr-xr-x---.   4 root   root      4096 Jul  8 01:50 root
dr-xr-xr-x.   2 root   root     12288 Jul  6 21:42 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root   root      4096 Jun 28 01:39 selinux
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root   root      4096 Nov  1  2011 srv
drwxr-xr-x   13 root   root         0 Jul  8 01:06 sys
drwxrwxrwt.   8 root   root      4096 Jul  8 01:50 tmp
drwxrwxr-x    3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul  6 21:02 u01
drwxr-xr-x.  13 root   root      4096 Jun 28 01:41 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  21 root   root      4096 Jun 28 01:47 var
[root@11gdg /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall rman_backup/
[root@11gdg /]# cd rman_backup/
[root@11gdg rman_backup]# ll
total 1306684
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  99957248 Jul  8 02:10 ARC_06oe5n1b_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 656031744 Jul  8 02:12 Full_01oe5mro_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 458571776 Jul  8 02:13 Full_02oe5mrp_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  86261760 Jul  8 02:14 Full_03oe5mrr_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  18546688 Jul  8 02:14 Full_04oe5mru_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     98304 Jul  8 02:14 Full_05oe5muh_1_1.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall      1345 Jul  8 02:14 initphydb.ora
drwx------ 2 oracle oinstall     16384 Jul  8 01:02 lost+found
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  18546688 Jul  8 02:14 standby_07oe5n64_1_1.ctl
[root@11gdg rman_backup]# 
修改备份文件的拥有者及所属组 

2、物理备库创建口令文件

[root@node1 rman_backup]# su - oracle
node1-> cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
node1-> ll
total 18080
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle asmadmin     1544 Jul  7 17:28 hc_devdb1.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall       37 Jul  7 12:56 initdevdb1.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall     2851 May 15  2009 init.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     1536 Jul  7 18:10 orapwdevdb1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 18497536 Jul  7 18:07 snapcf_devdb1.f
node1-> scp orapwdevdb1 orapwdevdb1 node2:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwdevdb2 
scp: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwdevdb2: No such file or directory
node1-> scp orapwdevdb1 node2:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwdevdb2
orapwdevdb1                                                                                                                                                                  100% 1536     1.5KB/s   00:00    
node1-> scp orapwdevdb1 192.168.1.212:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwphydb 
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.212 (192.168.1.212)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 24:d2:2e:9c:ed:0b:ca:f9:a7:94:3f:4d:e6:b7:ab:1c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.212' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.1.212's password: 
orapwdevdb1                                                                                                                                                                  100% 1536     1.5KB/s   00:00    
node1-> 
View Code 

3、物理备库初始化参数文件修改

4、配置RAC主库、物理备库的tnsnames.ora文件

10.3、创建物理备库

1、物理备库启动NOMOUNT状态

11gdg-> id
uid=1101(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)
11gdg-> env | grep ORA
ORACLE_UNQNAME=phydb
ORACLE_SID=phydb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=11gdg.localdomain
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
11gdg-> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Jul 8 07:19:08 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  839282688 bytes
Fixed Size                  2233000 bytes
Variable Size             574623064 bytes
Database Buffers          255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers                6574080 bytes
SQL> 
View Code 

2、RMAN恢复备库控制文件

RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/rman_backup/standby_07oe5n64_1_1.ctl';

Starting restore at 2013/07/08 07:23:02
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
output file name=+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl
Finished restore at 2013/07/08 07:23:11

RMAN> 
View Code 

3、MOUNT物理备库

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
select open_mode from v$database
                      *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01507: database not mounted


SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> 
View Code 

4、RMAN restore物理备库

11gdg-> rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Jul 8 07:26:14 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: DEVDB (DBID=724884837, not open)

RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> allocate channel c2 type disk;
4> allocate channel c3 type disk;
5> allocate channel c4 type disk;
6> restore database;
7> release channel c1;
8> release channel c2;
9> release channel c3;
10> release channel c4;
11> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=139 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=140 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c3
channel c3: SID=16 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c4
channel c4: SID=141 device type=DISK

Starting restore at 2013/07/08 07:26:30
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 2013/07/08 07:26:30
Crosschecked 6 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 2013/07/08 07:26:34

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 2013/07/08 07:26:34
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 2013/07/08 07:26:35

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged


channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel c1: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.258.820154753
channel c1: restoring datafile 00005 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/example.264.820154917
channel c1: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/Full_03oe5mrr_1_1.bak
channel c2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel c2: restoring datafile 00002 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.257.820154753
channel c2: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/users.259.820154753
channel c2: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/Full_02oe5mrp_1_1.bak
channel c3: starting datafile backup set restore
channel c3: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel c3: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/system.256.820154751
channel c3: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.265.820155189
channel c3: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/Full_01oe5mro_1_1.bak
channel c1: piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_03oe5mrr_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127
channel c1: restored backup piece 1
channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:16
channel c2: piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_02oe5mrp_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127
channel c2: restored backup piece 1
channel c2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:47
channel c3: piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_01oe5mro_1_1.bak tag=TAG20130707T180127
channel c3: restored backup piece 1
channel c3: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:57
Finished restore at 2013/07/08 07:30:33

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

released channel: c3

released channel: c4

RMAN> 
View Code 

5、备库上创建standbylogfile

11gdg-> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Jul 8 07:31:36 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from v$standby_log;

no rows selected

SQL> select name from v$datafile
  2  union
  3  select name from v$controlfile
  4  union
  5  select member from v$logfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.257.820221997
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.820221997
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.259.820221997
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.260.820221997
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.262.820221999
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.261.820221997
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.262.820154865
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.266.820155371
+DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.267.820155375

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.820154865
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.820155373
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.820155377

15 rows selected.

SQL> 
创建之前查看控制文件、数据文件、日志文件信息
SQL> select dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,current_scn from v$database;

      DBID NAME      SWITCHOVER_STATUS    DB_UNIQUE_NAME                 DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE            CURRENT_SCN
---------- --------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- -----------
 724884837 DEVDB     TO PRIMARY           phydb                          PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED                  1211611

SQL> 
查看物理备库状态信息 
SQL> col member for a60
SQL> select * from v$logfile;

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                       IS_
---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---
         2         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.262.820154865                  NO
         2         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.820154865                 NO
         1         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859                  NO
         1         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861                 NO
         3         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.266.820155371                  NO
         3         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.820155373                 NO
         4         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.267.820155375                  NO
         4         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.820155377                 NO

8 rows selected.

SQL> 
查看物理备库联机日志信息
SQL> select * from v$log;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         1          1         11   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1211333 2013/07/07 18:04:23   2.8147E+14
         2          1         10   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1200276 2013/07/07 17:28:56      1211333 2013/07/07 18:04:23
         3          2          7   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1211337 2013/07/07 18:04:13   2.8147E+14
         4          2          6   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1199675 2013/07/07 17:25:54      1211337 2013/07/07 18:04:13

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50m,group 6 size 50m,group 7 size 50m;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50m,group 9 size 50m,group 10 size 50m;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$logfile order by 1;

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                       IS_
---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---
         1         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859                  NO
         1         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861                 NO
         2         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.262.820154865                  NO
         2         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.820154865                 NO
         3         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.266.820155371                  NO
         3         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.820155373                 NO
         4         ONLINE  +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.267.820155375                  NO
         4         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.820155377                 NO
         5         STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_5.263.820257945                  NO
         5         STANDBY +FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_5.256.820257955                 YES
         6         STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_6.264.820257957                  NO

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                       IS_
---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---
         6         STANDBY +FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_6.257.820257959                 YES
         7         STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_7.265.820257961                  NO
         7         STANDBY +FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_7.258.820257961                 YES
         8         STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_8.266.820258023                  NO
         8         STANDBY +FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_8.259.820258025                 YES
         9         STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_9.267.820258025                  NO
         9         STANDBY +FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_9.260.820258029                 YES
        10         STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_10.268.820258029                 NO
        10         STANDBY +FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_10.261.820258031                YES

20 rows selected.

SQL> 
创建物理备库日志文件;大小尺寸要与主库一致.
SQL> select * from v$log;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         1          1         13   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1359022 2013/07/08 09:12:06   2.8147E+14
         2          1         12   52428800        512          2 YES INACTIVE               1306889 2013/07/08 05:00:48      1359022 2013/07/08 09:12:06
         3          2          9   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1359741 2013/07/08 09:16:07   2.8147E+14 2013/07/08 09:16:07
         4          2          8   52428800        512          2 YES INACTIVE               1359021 2013/07/08 09:12:04      1359028 2013/07/08 09:12:10

SQL> select 52428800/1024/1024 MB from dual;

        MB
----------
        50

SQL> 
如何查看主库日志文件大小尺寸 

6、主库参数调整

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      +DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL> show parameter log_arch;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_config                   string
log_archive_dest                     string
log_archive_dest_1                   string
log_archive_dest_10                  string
log_archive_dest_11                  string
log_archive_dest_12                  string
log_archive_dest_13                  string
log_archive_dest_14                  string
log_archive_dest_15                  string
log_archive_dest_16                  string
log_archive_dest_17                  string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_18                  string
log_archive_dest_19                  string
log_archive_dest_2                   string
log_archive_dest_20                  string
log_archive_dest_21                  string
log_archive_dest_22                  string
log_archive_dest_23                  string
log_archive_dest_24                  string
log_archive_dest_25                  string
log_archive_dest_26                  string
log_archive_dest_27                  string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_28                  string
log_archive_dest_29                  string
log_archive_dest_3                   string
log_archive_dest_30                  string
log_archive_dest_31                  string
log_archive_dest_4                   string
log_archive_dest_5                   string
log_archive_dest_6                   string
log_archive_dest_7                   string
log_archive_dest_8                   string
log_archive_dest_9                   string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_1             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_10            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_11            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_12            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_13            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_14            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_15            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_16            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_17            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_18            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_19            string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_2             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_20            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_21            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_22            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_23            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_24            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_25            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_26            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_27            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_28            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_29            string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_3             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_30            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_31            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_4             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_5             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_6             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_7             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_8             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_9             string      enable
log_archive_duplex_dest              string
log_archive_format                   string      %t_%s_%r.dbf

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_local_first              boolean     TRUE
log_archive_max_processes            integer     4
log_archive_min_succeed_dest         integer     1
log_archive_start                    boolean     FALSE
log_archive_trace                    integer     0
SQL> 
主库参数调整之前 
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=phydb lgwr sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=phydb' sid='*';

System altered.
执行主库参数调整 
SQL> show parameter log_arch;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_config                   string
log_archive_dest                     string
log_archive_dest_1                   string
log_archive_dest_10                  string
log_archive_dest_11                  string
log_archive_dest_12                  string
log_archive_dest_13                  string
log_archive_dest_14                  string
log_archive_dest_15                  string
log_archive_dest_16                  string
log_archive_dest_17                  string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_18                  string
log_archive_dest_19                  string
log_archive_dest_2                   string      service=phydb lgwr sync valid_
                                                 for=(online_logfiles,primary_r
                                                 ole) db_unique_name=phydb
log_archive_dest_20                  string
log_archive_dest_21                  string
log_archive_dest_22                  string
log_archive_dest_23                  string
log_archive_dest_24                  string
log_archive_dest_25                  string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_26                  string
log_archive_dest_27                  string
log_archive_dest_28                  string
log_archive_dest_29                  string
log_archive_dest_3                   string
log_archive_dest_30                  string
log_archive_dest_31                  string
log_archive_dest_4                   string
log_archive_dest_5                   string
log_archive_dest_6                   string
log_archive_dest_7                   string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_8                   string
log_archive_dest_9                   string
log_archive_dest_state_1             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_10            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_11            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_12            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_13            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_14            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_15            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_16            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_17            string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_18            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_19            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_2             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_20            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_21            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_22            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_23            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_24            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_25            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_26            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_27            string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_28            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_29            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_3             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_30            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_31            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_4             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_5             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_6             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_7             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_8             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_9             string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_duplex_dest              string
log_archive_format                   string      %t_%s_%r.dbf
log_archive_local_first              boolean     TRUE
log_archive_max_processes            integer     4
log_archive_min_succeed_dest         integer     1
log_archive_start                    boolean     FALSE
log_archive_trace                    integer     0
SQL> 
调整后的参数 
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(devdb,phydb)' sid='*';

System altered.

SQL> show parameter log_arch;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_config                   string      dg_config=(devdb,phydb)
log_archive_dest                     string
log_archive_dest_1                   string
log_archive_dest_10                  string
log_archive_dest_11                  string
log_archive_dest_12                  string
log_archive_dest_13                  string
log_archive_dest_14                  string
log_archive_dest_15                  string
log_archive_dest_16                  string
log_archive_dest_17                  string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_18                  string
log_archive_dest_19                  string
log_archive_dest_2                   string      service=phydb lgwr sync valid_
                                                 for=(online_logfiles,primary_r
                                                 ole) db_unique_name=phydb
log_archive_dest_20                  string
log_archive_dest_21                  string
log_archive_dest_22                  string
log_archive_dest_23                  string
log_archive_dest_24                  string
log_archive_dest_25                  string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_26                  string
log_archive_dest_27                  string
log_archive_dest_28                  string
log_archive_dest_29                  string
log_archive_dest_3                   string
log_archive_dest_30                  string
log_archive_dest_31                  string
log_archive_dest_4                   string
log_archive_dest_5                   string
log_archive_dest_6                   string
log_archive_dest_7                   string

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_8                   string
log_archive_dest_9                   string
log_archive_dest_state_1             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_10            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_11            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_12            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_13            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_14            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_15            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_16            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_17            string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_18            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_19            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_2             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_20            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_21            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_22            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_23            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_24            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_25            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_26            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_27            string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_28            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_29            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_3             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_30            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_31            string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_4             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_5             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_6             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_7             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_8             string      enable
log_archive_dest_state_9             string      enable

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_duplex_dest              string
log_archive_format                   string      %t_%s_%r.dbf
log_archive_local_first              boolean     TRUE
log_archive_max_processes            integer     4
log_archive_min_succeed_dest         integer     1
log_archive_start                    boolean     FALSE
log_archive_trace                    integer     0
SQL> 
主库参数调整:log_archive_config 

7、备库接收主库日志 

注意:在主库参数调整之后,备库接收主库归档日志之前,主库的alert日志文件会有个短暂的间歇调整期,会又ORA错误发生,此属于正常;具体错误日志如下:

node1-> tail -f alert_devdb1.log 
PING[ARC2]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'phydb'. Error is 16057.
Mon Jul 08 10:05:44 2013
PING[ARC2]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'phydb'. Error is 16057.
Mon Jul 08 10:06:42 2013
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_config='dg_config=(devdb,phydb)' SCOPE=BOTH SID='*';
Mon Jul 08 10:08:01 2013
ARC3: Archive log rejected (thread 1 sequence 11) at host 'phydb'
FAL[server, ARC3]: FAL archive failed, see trace file.
ARCH: FAL archive failed. Archiver continuing
ORACLE Instance devdb1 - Archival Error. Archiver continuing.
Mon Jul 08 10:16:31 2013
******************************************************************
LGWR: Setting 'active' archival for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
******************************************************************
LGWR: Standby redo logfile selected for thread 1 sequence 15 for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 15 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 1 seq# 15 mem# 0: +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859
  Current log# 1 seq# 15 mem# 1: +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861
Mon Jul 08 10:16:33 2013
Archived Log entry 24 added for thread 1 sequence 14 ID 0x2b354062 dest 1:
Mon Jul 08 10:16:33 2013
ARC0: Standby redo logfile selected for thread 1 sequence 14 for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
Mon Jul 08 10:18:26 2013
Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 16
Checkpoint not complete
  Current log# 1 seq# 15 mem# 0: +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859
  Current log# 1 seq# 15 mem# 1: +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861
******************************************************************
LGWR: Setting 'active' archival for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
******************************************************************
LGWR: Standby redo logfile selected for thread 1 sequence 16 for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 16 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 2 seq# 16 mem# 0: +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.820154865
  Current log# 2 seq# 16 mem# 1: +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.820154865
Mon Jul 08 10:18:32 2013
Expanded controlfile section 11 from 28 to 220 records
Requested to grow by 192 records; added 7 blocks of records
Archived Log entry 29 added for thread 1 sequence 15 ID 0x2b354062 dest 1:
主库alert日志,间歇调整错误跟踪 
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select * from v$log order by 1;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         1          1         15   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372231 2013/07/08 10:16:31   2.8147E+14
         2          1         14   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1366355 2013/07/08 09:54:19      1372231 2013/07/08 10:16:31
         3          2         11   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14   2.8147E+14
         4          2         10   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1366352 2013/07/08 09:51:29      1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select * from v$log order by 1;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         1          1         15   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1372231 2013/07/08 10:16:31      1372533 2013/07/08 10:18:28
         2          1         16   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372533 2013/07/08 10:18:28   2.8147E+14
         3          2         11   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14   2.8147E+14
         4          2         10   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1366352 2013/07/08 09:51:29      1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14

SQL> 
node1 
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log order by 1;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         1          1         15   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1372231 2013/07/08 10:16:31      1372533 2013/07/08 10:18:28
         2          1         16   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372533 2013/07/08 10:18:28   2.8147E+14
         3          2         11   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14   2.8147E+14
         4          2         10   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1366352 2013/07/08 09:51:29      1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select * from v$log order by 1;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         1          1         15   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1372231 2013/07/08 10:16:31      1372533 2013/07/08 10:18:28
         2          1         16   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372533 2013/07/08 10:18:28   2.8147E+14
         3          2         11   52428800        512          2 YES ACTIVE                 1372321 2013/07/08 10:14:14      1372634 2013/07/08 10:16:38
         4          2         12   52428800        512          2 NO  CURRENT                1372634 2013/07/08 10:16:38   2.8147E+14

SQL> 
node2 
RMAN> list archivelog all;

List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name PHYDB
=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time           
------- ---- ------- - -------------------
5       1    11      A 2013/07/07 18:04:23
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_11.263.820259787

4       1    12      A 2013/07/08 05:00:48
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_12.264.820259787

1       1    13      A 2013/07/08 09:12:06
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_13.262.820259787

7       1    14      A 2013/07/08 09:54:19
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_14.268.820260373

9       1    15      A 2013/07/08 10:16:31
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_15.270.820260487

6       2    7       A 2013/07/07 18:04:13
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_7.265.820259789

3       2    8       A 2013/07/08 09:12:04
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_8.267.820259791

2       2    9       A 2013/07/08 09:16:07
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_9.266.820259791

8       2    10      A 2013/07/08 09:51:29
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_10.269.820260403

10      2    11      A 2013/07/08 10:14:14
        Name: +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_11.271.820260539


RMAN> 
host:dataguard 

8、备库开始应用日志

SQL> select sequence#,name,applied from v$archived_log order by 1;

 SEQUENCE# NAME                                                                             APPLIED
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
         7 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_7.265.820259789                  NO
         8 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_8.267.820259791                  NO
         9 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_9.266.820259791                  NO
        10 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_10.269.820260403                 NO
        11 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_11.271.820260539                 NO
        11 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_11.263.820259787                 NO
        12 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_12.264.820259787                 NO
        13 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_13.262.820259787                 NO
        14 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_14.268.820260373                 NO
        15 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_15.270.820260487                 NO

10 rows selected.

SQL> 
备库应用之前,查看归档日志应用情况. 
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> 
开启备库应用主库归档日志功能. 
SQL> select sequence#,name,applied from v$archived_log order by 1;

 SEQUENCE# NAME                                                                             APPLIED
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
         6 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_6.277.820261283                  YES
         7 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_7.265.820259789                  YES
         8 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_8.267.820259791                  YES
         9 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_9.266.820259791                  YES
        10 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_10.269.820260403                 YES
        10 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_10.276.820261279                 YES
        11 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_11.263.820259787                 YES
        11 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_11.271.820260539                 IN-MEMORY
        12 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_12.264.820259787                 YES
        13 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_13.262.820259787                 YES
        14 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_14.268.820260373                 YES

 SEQUENCE# NAME                                                                             APPLIED
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
        15 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_15.270.820260487                 YES

12 rows selected.

SQL> 
启用归档日志之后,结果 

9、备库以ReaOnly方式打开 

SQL> select dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,current_scn from v$database;

      DBID NAME                                                                             SWITCHOVER_STATUS    DB_UNIQUE_NAME                 DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE            CURRENT_SCN
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- -----------
 724884837 DEVDB                                                                            NOT ALLOWED          phydb                          PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED                  1372532
ReadOnly之前的物理备库状态
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Database altered.
暂时取消启用归档日志
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.
将数据库Open
SQL> select dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,current_scn from v$database;

      DBID NAME                                                                             SWITCHOVER_STATUS    DB_UNIQUE_NAME                 DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE            CURRENT_SCN
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- -----------
 724884837 DEVDB                                                                            NOT ALLOWED          phydb                          PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY                1381999

SQL> 
查看数据库已经处于ReadOnly状态
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.
重新让物理备库应用归档日志
SQL> select sequence#,name,applied from v$archived_log order by 1;

 SEQUENCE# NAME                                                                             APPLIED
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
         6 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_6.277.820261283                  YES
         7 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_7.265.820259789                  YES
         8 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_8.267.820259791                  YES
         9 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_9.266.820259791                  YES
        10 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_10.269.820260403                 YES
        10 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_10.276.820261279                 YES
        11 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_11.263.820259787                 YES
        11 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_2_seq_11.271.820260539                 YES
        12 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_12.264.820259787                 YES
        13 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_13.262.820259787                 YES
        14 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_14.268.820260373                 YES

 SEQUENCE# NAME                                                                             APPLIED
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
        15 +FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2013_07_08/thread_1_seq_15.270.820260487                 YES

12 rows selected.

SQL> 
应用归档日志之后的情况.
SQL> select dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,current_scn from v$database;

      DBID NAME                                                                             SWITCHOVER_STATUS    DB_UNIQUE_NAME                 DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE            CURRENT_SCN
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- -----------
 724884837 DEVDB                                                                            NOT ALLOWED          phydb                          PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY     1382783

SQL> 
此时物理备库的状态:READ ONLY WITH APPLY 

在Oracle10g的时候,物理备库中的两个状态时二选一的,要么只能只读,要么只能应用归档日志;在oracle11g之后,则只读和应用归档日志可以同时存在.这就是oracle 11g的新特性. 

11、测试物理备库功能

11.1、测试文件同步

1、主库查看表空间信息

SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                                        TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.820154753                                         USERS
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.820154753                                      UNDOTBS1
+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.820154753                                        SYSAUX
+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.820154751                                        SYSTEM
+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.820154917                                       EXAMPLE
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.820155189                                      UNDOTBS2

6 rows selected.

SQL> 
主库表空间信息 

2、查看物理备库表空间信息

SQL> col file_name format a80
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                                        TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.261.820221997                                         USERS
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.260.820221997                                      UNDOTBS1
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.820221997                                        SYSAUX
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.259.820221997                                        SYSTEM
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.257.820221997                                       EXAMPLE
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.262.820221999                                      UNDOTBS2

6 rows selected.

SQL> 
查看表空间信息 

3、主库创建测试表空间

SQL> create tablespace dg_tbs datafile size 5m;

Tablespace created.

SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                                        TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.820154753                                         USERS
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.820154753                                      UNDOTBS1
+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.820154753                                        SYSAUX
+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.820154751                                        SYSTEM
+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.820154917                                       EXAMPLE
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.820155189                                      UNDOTBS2
+DATA/devdb/datafile/dg_tbs.269.820237183                                        DG_TBS

7 rows selected.

SQL> 
View Code 

4、查看物理备库表空间信息是否同步

SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                                        TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.261.820221997                                         USERS
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.260.820221997                                      UNDOTBS1
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.820221997                                        SYSAUX
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.259.820221997                                        SYSTEM
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.257.820221997                                       EXAMPLE
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.262.820221999                                      UNDOTBS2
+DATA/phydb/datafile/dg_tbs.274.820265363                                        DG_TBS

7 rows selected.

SQL> 
物理备库 

5、主库删除表空间

SQL> drop tablespace dg_tbs including contents and datafiles;

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                                        TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.820154753                                         USERS
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.820154753                                      UNDOTBS1
+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.820154753                                        SYSAUX
+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.820154751                                        SYSTEM
+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.820154917                                       EXAMPLE
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.820155189                                      UNDOTBS2

6 rows selected.

SQL> 
执行删除 

6、再次查看物理备库表空间是否同步

SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                                        TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.261.820221997                                         USERS
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.260.820221997                                      UNDOTBS1
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.820221997                                        SYSAUX
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.259.820221997                                        SYSTEM
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.257.820221997                                       EXAMPLE
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.262.820221999                                      UNDOTBS2

6 rows selected.

SQL> 
View Code 

11.2、测试数据同步

SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from tabs;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
DEPT
EMP
BONUS
SALGRADE

SQL> create table t(id int,name varchar2(10));

Table created.

SQL> insert into t values(0,'arcerzhang');

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> 
主库创建测试表
SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> desc t;
 Name                                                                                                              Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ID                                                                                                                         NUMBER(38)
 NAME                                                                                                                       VARCHAR2(10)

SQL> select * from t;

no rows selected

SQL> select * from t;

        ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         0 arcerzhang

SQL> 
备库查看同步数据
SQL> drop table t purge;

Table dropped.

SQL> desc t;
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object t does not exist


SQL> 
主库删除测试表
SQL> select * from t;
select * from t
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist


SQL> 
备库查看测试表,已经同步,不存在; 

12、测试DataGuard Switchover 功能

12.1、RAC主库、Active DataGuard 角色切换

1、主库修改相关参数fal_client、fal_server

SQL> set line 200
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1417022 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY
 724884837 DEVDB         1417023 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY

SQL> 
查看当前主库的状态 

DataGuard有三种模式:最大性能、最高保护、最高可用

SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1417430 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
当前备库状态
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      +DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL> show parameter fal

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
fal_client                           string
fal_server                           string
SQL> 
主库相关参数修改前的值
SQL> alter system set fal_client='devdb1' sid='devdb1';

System altered.

SQL> alter system set fal_client='devdb2' sid='devdb2';

System altered.

SQL> alter system set fal_server='phydb' sid='*';

System altered.
修改参数,可以在一个节点上完成;
SQL> show parameter fal

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
fal_client                           string      devdb1
fal_server                           string      phydb
SQL> show parameter instance_name 

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name                        string      devdb1
SQL> 
View Code 
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      +DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL> show parameter fal

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
fal_client                           string      devdb2
fal_server                           string      phydb
SQL> show parameter instance_name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name                        string      devdb2
SQL> 
node2 

2、主库创建standbylogfile

USER is "SYS"
SQL> col member for a80

SQL> select * from v$logfile order by 1;

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                                           IS_
---------- ------- ------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
         1         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861                                     YES
         1         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859                                      NO
         2         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.820154865                                     YES
         2         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.820154865                                      NO
         3         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.266.820155371                                      NO
         3         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.820155373                                     YES
         4         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.267.820155375                                      NO
         4         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.820155377                                     YES

8 rows selected.

SQL> select * from v$standby_log;

no rows selected

SQL> 
创建之前的主库日志及备库日志信息
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50m,group 6 size 50m,group 7 size 50m;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50m,group 9 size 50m,group 10 size 50m;

Database altered.
RAC主库创建standby logfile
SQL> select * from v$standby_log;

    GROUP# DBID          THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE       USED ARC STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME           LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ ------------------- ------------ -------------------
         5 UNASSIGNED          1          0   52428800        512          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         6 UNASSIGNED          1          0   52428800        512          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         7 UNASSIGNED          1          0   52428800        512          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         8 UNASSIGNED          2          0   52428800        512          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         9 UNASSIGNED          2          0   52428800        512          0 YES UNASSIGNED
        10 UNASSIGNED          2          0   52428800        512          0 YES UNASSIGNED

6 rows selected.

SQL> select * from v$logfile order by 1;

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                                           IS_
---------- ------- ------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
         1         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.820154859                                      NO
         1         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.820154861                                     YES
         2         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.820154865                                      NO
         2         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.820154865                                     YES
         3         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.266.820155371                                      NO
         3         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.820155373                                     YES
         4         ONLINE  +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.267.820155375                                      NO
         4         ONLINE  +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.820155377                                     YES
         5         STANDBY +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_5.269.820249707                                      NO
         5         STANDBY +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_5.282.820249709                                     YES
         6         STANDBY +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_6.270.820249711                                      NO

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                                           IS_
---------- ------- ------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---
         6         STANDBY +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_6.283.820249715                                     YES
         7         STANDBY +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_7.271.820249717                                      NO
         7         STANDBY +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_7.284.820249719                                     YES
         8         STANDBY +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_8.272.820249747                                      NO
         8         STANDBY +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_8.285.820249747                                     YES
         9         STANDBY +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_9.273.820249751                                      NO
         9         STANDBY +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_9.286.820249751                                     YES
        10         STANDBY +DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_10.274.820249755                                     NO
        10         STANDBY +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_10.287.820249761                                    YES

20 rows selected.

SQL> 
查看增加后日志信息 

3、主库修改相关参数standby_file_management、db_file_name_convert、log_file_name_convert;

SQL> show parameter standby_file

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
standby_file_management              string      MANUAL
SQL> show parameter db_file_na

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
SQL> show parameter log_file

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_file_name_convert                string
SQL> 
修改前状态信息 
SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATA/phydb/','+DATA/devdb/' sid='*' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='+DATA/phydb/','+DATA/devdb/' sid='*' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO';

System altered.
执行参数修改 

4、停止RAC节点2

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> 
node2 
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
########## DEVDB         1426017 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY

SQL> 
node1 

5、RAC节点1切换原RAC主库到备库

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
########## DEVDB         1426342 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ WRITE           RECOVERY NEEDED

SQL> 
node1 
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1446342 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> 
11gdg->物理备库的状态也是PHYSICAL STANDBY 

6、切换原物理备库到主库角色

[root@11gdg ~]# su - oracle
11gdg-> sqlplus sys/Oracle168@phydb as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Jul 8 23:32:11 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;

Database altered.

SQL> set line 200
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB               0 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES MOUNTED              NOT ALLOWED

SQL> 
11gdg->phydb 

7、将原RAC主库2个实例都启动到MOUNT

备注:首先将node1进行shutdown immediate;操作 

[root@node1 ~]# ps -ef | grep ora_
root     15403 15319  0 15:53 pts/3    00:00:00 grep ora_
[root@node1 ~]# su - grid
node1-> clear

node1-> crs_stat -t
Name           Type           Target    State     Host        
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.FLASH.dg   ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.GRIDDG.dg  ora....up.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.asm        ora.asm.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.cvu        ora.cvu.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.devdb.db   ora....se.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora.gsd        ora.gsd.type   OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora....E1.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.node1.gsd  application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora.node1.ons  application    ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.node1.vip  ora....t1.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    node2       
ora....E2.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    node2       
ora.node2.gsd  application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora.node2.ons  application    ONLINE    ONLINE    node2       
ora.node2.vip  ora....t1.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node2       
ora.oc4j       ora.oc4j.type  ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.ons        ora.ons.type   ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
ora.scan1.vip  ora....ip.type ONLINE    ONLINE    node1       
node1-> srvctl status database -d devdb
Instance devdb1 is not running on node node1
Instance devdb2 is not running on node node2
node1-> 
node1、node2节点检查
node1-> id
uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba)
node1-> srvctl start database -d devdb -o mount;
node1-> 
node1上,grid用户下,将两个节点启动到mount状态 
[root@node1 ~]# ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle   15699     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_devdb1
oracle   15701     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_devdb1
oracle   15703     1  6 15:57 ?        00:00:10 ora_vktm_devdb1
oracle   15707     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_devdb1
oracle   15709     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_devdb1
oracle   15711     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_devdb1
oracle   15713     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_ping_devdb1
oracle   15715     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_acms_devdb1
oracle   15718     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_devdb1
oracle   15722     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_lmon_devdb1
oracle   15724     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:01 ora_lmd0_devdb1
oracle   15726     1  2 15:57 ?        00:00:03 ora_lms0_devdb1
oracle   15730     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_rms0_devdb1
oracle   15732     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_lmhb_devdb1
oracle   15734     1  5 15:57 ?        00:00:08 ora_mman_devdb1
oracle   15736     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_devdb1
oracle   15738     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_devdb1
oracle   15740     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_devdb1
oracle   15743     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_devdb1
oracle   15745     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_devdb1
oracle   15747     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_rbal_devdb1
oracle   15749     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_asmb_devdb1
oracle   15751     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_devdb1
oracle   15753     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_devdb1
oracle   15757     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_devdb1
oracle   15759     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_mark_devdb1
oracle   15761     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_devdb1
oracle   15763     1  0 15:57 ?        00:00:00 ora_ocf0_devdb1
oracle   15768     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_lck0_devdb1
oracle   15770     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_rsmn_devdb1
oracle   15798     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_o000_devdb1
oracle   15830     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_nss2_devdb1
oracle   15833     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc0_devdb1
oracle   15842     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc1_devdb1
oracle   15845     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc2_devdb1
oracle   15848     1  0 15:58 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc3_devdb1
root     15958 15319  0 16:00 pts/3    00:00:00 grep ora_
[root@node1 ~]# 
node1检查oracle进程 
[root@node2 ~]# ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle    9781     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_devdb2
oracle    9783     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_devdb2
oracle    9785     1  5 15:55 ?        00:00:07 ora_vktm_devdb2
oracle    9789     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_devdb2
oracle    9791     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_devdb2
oracle    9793     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_devdb2
oracle    9795     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_ping_devdb2
oracle    9797     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_acms_devdb2
oracle    9799     1  1 15:55 ?        00:00:01 ora_dia0_devdb2
oracle    9801     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:01 ora_lmon_devdb2
oracle    9803     1  1 15:55 ?        00:00:01 ora_lmd0_devdb2
oracle    9805     1  1 15:55 ?        00:00:02 ora_lms0_devdb2
oracle    9809     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_rms0_devdb2
oracle    9811     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_lmhb_devdb2
oracle    9813     1  8 15:55 ?        00:00:11 ora_mman_devdb2
oracle    9815     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_devdb2
oracle    9817     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_devdb2
oracle    9819     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_devdb2
oracle    9821     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_devdb2
oracle    9823     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_devdb2
oracle    9825     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_rbal_devdb2
oracle    9827     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_asmb_devdb2
oracle    9829     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_devdb2
oracle    9833     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_devdb2
oracle    9835     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_devdb2
oracle    9837     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_mark_devdb2
oracle    9839     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_devdb2
oracle    9841     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_ocf0_devdb2
oracle    9849     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_lck0_devdb2
oracle    9851     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_rsmn_devdb2
oracle    9875     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_o000_devdb2
oracle    9903     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_nss2_devdb2
oracle    9905     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc0_devdb2
oracle    9913     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc1_devdb2
oracle    9917     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc2_devdb2
oracle    9920     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc3_devdb2
oracle    9979     1  0 15:55 ?        00:00:00 ora_gcr0_devdb2
root      9992  9600  0 15:57 pts/3    00:00:00 grep ora_
[root@node2 ~]# 
node2检查oracle进程 
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1446341 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED              RECOVERY NEEDED
 724884837 DEVDB         1446341 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED              RECOVERY NEEDED

SQL> 
查看RAC库状态

8、原RAC主库启动redoapply

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> 
node1
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB               0 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES MOUNTED              NOT ALLOWED

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1446506 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY

SQL> 
此时查看11gdg的“主库”为mount状态,将其调整为open(read write)状态.
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1446395 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED              NOT ALLOWED
 724884837 DEVDB         1446395 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED              NOT ALLOWED

SQL> 
此时再次查看node1上备库状态为mount,switchover_status由recovery needed改为not allowed状态.

9、原RAC主库停止redoapply,并将RAC主库所有节点以READONLY打开

此时,备库devdb1的状态为mount状态,正在进行日志应用;如果要将devdb1调整为readonly状态,首先要取消日志应用,然后再调整到open(read only)状态.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid,inst_id,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID    INST_ID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837          2 DEVDB         1454081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED              NOT ALLOWED
 724884837          1 DEVDB         1454081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY            NOT ALLOWED

SQL> 
devdb1调整到read only状态
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select dbid,inst_id,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID    INST_ID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837          2 DEVDB         1454081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES MOUNTED              NOT ALLOWED
 724884837          1 DEVDB         1454081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY            NOT ALLOWED

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid,inst_id,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID    INST_ID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837          1 DEVDB         1454081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY            NOT ALLOWED
 724884837          2 DEVDB         1454081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY            NOT ALLOWED

SQL> 
将节点2调整到read only状态. 
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1459258 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY

SQL> 
11gdg->新主库的switchover_status状态改为to standby 
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> 
RAC主库重新启用redoapply 

10、查看新主库与新备库同步

SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from tabs;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
DEPT
EMP
BONUS
SALGRADE

SQL> create table test_dg(id int ,name varchar2(10));

Table created.

SQL> insert into test_dg values(1,'arcerzhang');

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> 
新主库创建测试表
SQL> conn scott/tiger;
Connected.
SQL> select * from test_dg;

        ID NAME
---------- ----------
         1 arcerzhang

SQL> 
新备库devdb1查看新同步过来的测试表;
SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> select * from test_dg;

        ID NAME
---------- ----------
         1 arcerzhang

SQL> 
新备库devdb2查看新同步过来的测试表 
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select dbid,inst_id,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID    INST_ID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837          1 DEVDB         1465105 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
 724884837          2 DEVDB         1465105 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED

SQL> 
再次查看新备库的open_mode状态:READ ONLY WITH APPLY 

12.2、单实例主库、RAC备库角色切换

1、新主库(单实例库)状态查看

dg-> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Nov 18 13:21:53 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit
Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ -----------
------------------------------
instance_name string phydb
SQL> set line 300
SQL> select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
DBID NAME CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOR OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- --------------
--- -------------------- --------------------
692948393 DEVDB 7409960 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YES READ WRITE TO STANDBY
SQL>
View Code

2、新备库(RAC库)状态查看

SQL> select
inst_id,dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_log
ging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;
INST_ID DBID NAME CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE
DATABASE_ROLE FOR OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ---------- --------- ----------- --------------------
---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
1 692948393 DEVDB 7410081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
2 692948393 DEVDB 7410081 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
SQL>
View Code

3、新备库(RAC库)停止节点2

node2-> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Nov 18 13:24:40 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit
Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage
Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ -----------
------------------------------
instance_name string devdb2
SQL> set line 300
SQL> select
inst_id,dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_log
ging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;
INST_ID DBID NAME CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE
DATABASE_ROLE FOR OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- ---------- --------- ----------- --------------------
---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
2 692948393 DEVDB 7410177 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
1 692948393 DEVDB 7410177 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACL
View Code 

4、新主库(单实例库)切换到备库

SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME                     TYPE         VALUE
------------------------------------     -----------    -----------------------
instance_name                 string         phydb
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
DBID         NAME         CURRENT_SCN     PROTECTION_MODE     DATABASE_ROLE        FOR     OPEN_MODE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------     ---------     -----------     --------------------     --------------         ---     --------------------     --------------------
692948393     DEVDB         7410498     MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE     PRIMARY            YES     READ WRITE         TO STANDBY
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
Database altered.
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
DBID         NAME         CURRENT_SCN     PROTECTION_MODE     DATABASE_ROLE         FOR     OPEN_MODE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------     ---------     -----------     --------------------    ------------------     ---    -----------------     --------------------
692948393     DEVDB         7410519     MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE     PHYSICAL STANDBY    YES     READ WRITE         RECOVERY NEEDED
SQL>
View Code 

5、新备库(RAC库)节点1切换到主库

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME         TYPE             VALUE
--------------    ----------------------     -----------------------------------------
instance_name     string             devdb1
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;
DBID         NAME         CURRENT_SCN     PROTECTION_MODE     DATABASE_ROLE         FOR     OPEN_MODE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------     ---------     -----------     --------------------     ---------------        ---     --------------------     --------------------
692948393     DEVDB         7430520     MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE     PHYSICAL STANDBY    YES     READ ONLY WITH APPLY     TO PRIMARY
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
Database altered.
SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;
DBID         NAME         CURRENT_SCN     PROTECTION_MODE     DATABASE_ROLE     FOR     OPEN_MODE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------     ---------     -----------     --------------------     --------------    ---     --------------------     --------------------
692948393     DEVDB         0         MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE     PRIMARY     YES     MOUNTED         NOT ALLOWED
SQL>
View Code 

6、新备库(RAC库)全部启动所有节点

SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1552766 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY
 724884837 DEVDB         1552766 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PRIMARY          YES READ WRITE           TO STANDBY

SQL> 
View Code 

7、新备库(单实例库)重新启动并开始redo apply

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> select dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from gv$database;

      DBID NAME      CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FOR OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
---------- --------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- --- -------------------- --------------------
 724884837 DEVDB         1550086 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED

SQL> 
备库同步主库归档日志
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/arcer/p/3166829.html