43. Multiply Strings

Given two non-negative integers num1 and num2 represented as strings, return the product of num1 and num2.

Note:

The length of both num1 and num2 is < 110.
Both num1 and num2 contains only digits 0-9.
Both num1 and num2 does not contain any leading zero.
You must not use any built-in BigInteger library or convert the inputs to integer directly.

 public String multiply(String num1, String num2) {
    int m = num1.length(), n = num2.length();
    int[] pos = new int[m + n];
    if (num1.charAt(0) == '0' || num2.charAt(0) == '0') {
        return "0";
    }
    for(int i = m - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        for(int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
            int mul = (num1.charAt(i) - '0') * (num2.charAt(j) - '0'); 
            int p1 = i + j, p2 = i + j + 1;
            int sum = mul + pos[p2];

            pos[p1] += sum / 10;
            pos[p2] = (sum) % 10;
        }
    }  
    
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for(int p : pos)  sb.append(p);
    while  (sb.charAt(0) == '0') {
        sb.deleteCharAt(0);
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

这道题属于数值操作的题目,其实更多地是考察乘法运算的本质。基本思路是和加法运算还是近似的,只是进位和结果长度复杂一些。我们仍然是从低位到高位对每一位进行计算,假设第一个数长度是n,第二个数长度是m,我们知道结果长度为m+n或者m+n-1(没有进位的情况)。对于某一位i,要计算这个位上的数字,我们需要对所有能组合出这一位结果的位进行乘法,即第1位和第i位,第2位和第i-1位,... ,然后累加起来,最后我们取个位上的数值,然后剩下的作为进位放到下一轮循环中。这个算法两层循环.

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/apanda009/p/7285175.html