Basic Calculator

Implement a basic calculator to evaluate a simple expression string.

The expression string may contain open ( and closing parentheses ), the plus + or minus sign -, non-negative integers and empty spaces .

You may assume that the given expression is always valid.

Some examples:

"1 + 1" = 2
" 2-1 + 2 " = 3
"(1+(4+5+2)-3)+(6+8)" = 23

Note: Do not use the eval built-in library function.

  1. 如果当前字符c是数字字符,数字可能不止一位,所以需要继续遍历下一个字符,若仍然是数字字符,将其与前面的连续数字字符组成一个数num,直到遇到下一个非数字字符;
  2. 如果当前的字符c是'+',那么就将前面的num加到result中,并且设置符号标记sign=1为正;
  3. 如果当前字符c是'-',那么就用result - num,并且设置符号标记sign=-1为负;
  4. 如果当前字符c是'(',那么先保存当前的result和符号sign到栈中,再继续计算括号里面的表达式;
  5. 如果当前字符c是')',那么计算完毕当前括号的result后,依次弹出栈顶的sign和result,然后将括号中的result和栈顶弹出的result相加(或相减,由sign决定);
  6. 继续以上步骤,直到遍历到字符串的最后一个字符

Runtime: 16ms

class Solution {
public:
    int calculate(string s) {
        if(s.empty()) return 0;
        
        int result = 0, sign = 1, num = 0;
        stack<int> stk;
        
        for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++){
            if(s[i] <= '9' && s[i] >= '0')
                num = num * 10 + s[i] - '0';
            else if(s[i] == '+' || s[i] == '-'){
                result += num * sign;
                sign = (s[i] == '+' ? 1 : -1);
                num = 0;
            }    
            else if(s[i] == '('){
                stk.push(result);
                stk.push(sign);
                sign = 1;
                result = 0;
            }
            else if(s[i] == ')'){
                result += num * sign;
                sign = stk.top();
                stk.pop();
                result = stk.top() + sign * result;
                stk.pop();
                num = 0;
            }
        }
        if(num != 0)
            result += num * sign;
        return result;
    }
};
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/amazingzoe/p/4860408.html