Unit 7 Education: Schools
I.句子基本结构在写作中的运用
主谓宾
主系表
主谓
主谓宾宾
主谓宾补
1.主语：
1）位于句首
2）名词
例句：应该建立相关法律
Laws and regulations should be set up.
2.谓语
1）单复数与主语保持一致
2）时态
3）前可加情态动词
（如may、can）
Humans protect the environment.
Humans should protect the environment.
3.宾语：名词
Humans should protect the environment.
4.主谓宾：N+V+N
5.主谓宾宾：
N+V+N1+N2
=N+V+N2+prep+N1
I told you a story.
I told a story to you.
6.补语
Today is _______. (his birthday)
The flower seems _______. (dead)
The man became _________. (angry)
补语既可以是形容词也可以是名词
Your words make my life so beautiful.
7.主谓
1）及物动词和不及物动词的区分
*及物动词后面必须跟宾语；有被动
*不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语；无被动
The sun rises.
Students raised their hands.
判断：buy
8.系动词
1）be动词: am/is/are
2）感官动词
*由一种状态变成另一种状态：become, get, turn
The environment has become more serious.
The environmental issue has become more serious.
*维持某种状态：keep, remain
The figure kept stable.
*似乎：seem, appear
The opinion seems convincing.
*听起来：sound
The opinion sounds convincing.
9.表语：形容词或名词
10.例句翻译
全球一体化时代已经到来
The era of globalization has already come.
一些棘手的问题已经出现
Some tough problems have already emerged.
随着经济的迅猛发展，环境也在不断的恶化。
The environment has been deteriorating along with the rapid development of economy.
许多妇女在婚后继续她们的事业
Many women continue their careers after marriage.
化工废料危害人们健康
The chemical waste damages people's health.
穿校服的制度有利于加强学校纪律和维护学校安全。
The uniform dress policy helps reinforce school discipline and maintain school security.
我很难认同后一种观点，理由有以下几方面。
I can hardly agree with the latter opinion for the following several sound reasons.
Agree with:
side with/ support/ subscribe to
[补充]think替换词
deem
believe
reckon
contend
insist
过分沉迷于电脑游戏导致肥胖和近视。
Overindulgence in computer games leads to overweight and myopia.
（中学毕业上大学前的一年时间）为中学毕业生提供了一个宝贵的机会去认清自己的职业兴趣和目标。
A gap year offers high school graduates a valuable opportunity to identify their career interest and goals.
通过为社会作贡献，学生从兼职中获得了一种成就感。
Part-time jobs give students a sense of achievement and accomplishment through contributing to the society.
实行男女共校制度的学校给学生提供了现实社会的微型版。
A co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature.
男女共校制度的最大优点是健康的人生态度。
The greatest contribution of co-educational school policy is the healthy attitude to life
【好处段落练习】
Co-educational school provides numerous benefits. On one hand, it offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. On the other hand, its greatest contribution is the healthy attitude to life.
互联网聊天是个费时的爱好。
Chatting on the Internet is a time-consuming hobby.
网上一些信息是误导人和带有欺骗性的。
Some information on the Internet is misleading and cheating.
【坏处段落练习】
Despite its advantages, the Internet also produces some drawbacks. Firstly, some information on the Internet is misleading and cheating. Moreover, chatting on the Internet is a time-consuming hobby.
11.常用逻辑词
顺序逻辑词
First(ly)
=in the first place
= to begin with
Second(ly)
=furthermore
=what's more
=moreover
=in addition
=additionally
Last but not the least= finally
举例：
For example=for instance
Such as=like
因果：
1) 原因：because, since, as
Because of, due to, owing to
2) 所以：so,
as a result, hence, therefore
Lead to, give rise to, contribute to, result in
对比：
By contrast
Similarly
On one hand…on the other hand
转折：
However
=nevertheless
=yet
Despite=in spite of
Despite+名词，句子.
However，句子.
Although
But
结论
In conclusion
To sum up
II.
1．Model1题目及范文分析
Some people think that single sex schools are better for students than co-ed schools, to what extent do you agree with this opinion?
Model 1
Single-sex high schools help to produce better students because there are fewer distractions in these kinds of schools than in co-educational schools. Nowadays, students are learning more than ever before, and while they are trying to understand all this new knowledge, they do not need distractions. If boys and girls are studying together, they may become more focused on each other and not concentrate on the lesson. For example, a male student might be more interested in impressing a female peer than listening to the teacher; similarly, female students might get into arguments over popular boys, or spend their time discussing the boys in their class instead of listening to the teacher. If high schools are single sex, these kinds of distractions can be reduced.
【假设论证法】if
1）If+A句，B句
2）【如果A句...,B句就会...】
3）主将从现
4）例句
If old people are sent to nursing homes, they will get better care.
【举例论证法】for example
2．Model2范文分析
Model 2
On the other hand, co-ed schools have some advantages for teenagers because they offer the opportunity to learn important social skills. If young people only interact with their same sex peers, they may not feel comfortable in mixed company when they go to university. For example, they may never learn how to talk easily to the opposite sex, and they might do some very foolish things when they first start to study with the opposite sex. While they are learning at university, they need to focus on their study. If they are socialising with the opposite sex for the first time at university, they may be distracted and they may neglect their studies and focus on their social life instead.
3．文章布局讲解
【假设A的好处>B的好处】
Body1：A的好处
Body2：B的好处+反驳
【假设好处>坏处】
Body1:好处
Body2：坏处+反驳
1.Model1及model2单词或词组讲解
Model 1
Single-sex high schools help to produce better students because there are fewer distractions in these kinds of schools than in co-educational schools. Nowadays, students are learning more than ever before, and while they are trying to understand all this new knowledge, they do not need distractions. If boys and girls are studying together, they may become more focused on each other and not concentrate on the lesson. For example, a male student might be more interested in impressing a female peer than listening to the teacher; similarly, female students might get into arguments over popular boys, or spend their time discussing the boys in their class instead of listening to the teacher. If high schools are single sex, these kinds of distractions can be reduced.
Model 2
On the other hand, co-ed schools have some advantages for teenagers because they offer the opportunity to learn important social skills. If young people only interact with their same sex peers, they may not feel comfortable in mixed company when they go to university. For example, they may never learn how to talk easily to the opposite sex, and they might do some very foolish things when they first start to study with the opposite sex. While they are learning at university, they need to focus on their study. If they are socialising with the opposite sex for the first time at university, they may be distracted and they may neglect their studies and focus on their social life instead.
2.课后练习讲解
1）练习1
Can you find or guess any other parts of speech to fill in the box? Don't worry about the
meaning yet.
| Verb | Noun | Adjective |
| peer | ||
| distract | ||
| focus | ||
| concentrate | ||
| Get into an argument | ||
| reduce | ||
| Co-educational | ||
| Single-sex | ||
| knowledge |
2）练习2
进行时be+doing
1．正在进行的动作
You are taking notes
2．动作的反复性
2. 说话人的语气态度：why are you always being late？
3. 趋势：an increasing number of people are using mobiles.
一般现在时：am/is/are
Do/does
1.描述客观事实
Mobiles facilitate people’s lives
2.观点句：I believe old people should live with their children.
3.Task1首段
1）Fill in the gaps in the following sentences by using the most appropriate tense.
a. Students these days ________ (spend) more and more time on the Internet.
b. The teacher usually ________ (help) us if we _________ (have) trouble with an activity.
c. My peers _________ (work) hard, so please don't ____________ (distract) them.
d. At the moment, we ____________ (focus) on writing skills for IELTS.
e. She ___________ (concentrate) on her test this week.
f. Co-ed schools _____________ (reduce) some distractions for teenage students.
g. These days, more and more students __________ (choose) co-ed schools because they feel they are better for learning social skills.
h. Schools nowadays ______________ (teach) more spoken English than they used to.
3）练习3
Look at paragraphs below. Can you put the sentence in order with the topic sentence first, and then the supporting ideas? Write a number beside each sentence.
a.
________Team members must pass the ball to each other, so they must learn to co-operate, and if they don’t pass at the right time, their whole team can lose the game.
________ Playing team sports teaches about co-operation, and being a member of a team can build social skills.
________ Finally, team members often become good friends and they build close relationships with each other while they are playing together.
_________In addition, members of a team must learn to play together even if they disagree or don't like each other very much.
b.
_________Other health problems include eye strain, poor fitness and even obesity because of the lack of exercise,
_________For example, addicts may spend hours playing games or chatting, and they may begin to neglect their friends and their work or study.
_________Internet addiction is a very serious problem, and it has many unfortunate consequences.
_________If they play for many hours at night, they lose sleep, and this can also affect their health.
c.
_________For example, moving quickly to meetings is very important for businessmen, and if they have car this could create problems for them. _________Restricting car traffic in the city can make it very difficult for some people to do their daily work.
_________Thus, limiting the use of cars could create real inconvenience for some citizens.
_________In addition, it is important for disabled people or for families with young children to access city services and they should be able to drive their cars to the places where they need to go.