There are two ways to implement this effect.
1. overleftarrow, overrightarrow
This method is easy to use, but it always makes a big spacing between two lines and different letters.
2. vec
This method can create a small right arrow, but it cannot generate the left arrow over letters
3. improved method
usepackage{graphicx} ewcommand{cev}[1]{ eflectbox{ensuremath{vec{ eflectbox{ensuremath{#1}}}}}}
Then use cev to create a small left arrow
An example is illustrated here.
documentclass{article} usepackage{graphicx} ewcommand{cev}[1]{ eflectbox{ensuremath{vec{ eflectbox{ensuremath{#1}}}}}} egin{document} [ h_t = [overrightarrow{h}_t, overleftarrow{h}_t], [vec{h}_t, cev{h}_t] ] end{document}