CentOS7下 Python2.7.5升级为Python2.7.13

参考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/fad3942fc0ed

第一步:查看Centos版本及Python版本

• CentOS版本

[root@192 tools_package]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 

Python版本

[root@192 tools_package]# python -V
Python 2.7.5
[root@192 tools_package]# ll /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Nov 14 18:14 /usr/bin/python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Nov 14 18:14 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Aug 4 08:40 /usr/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1835 Aug 4 08:39 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Jan 20 15:02 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Jan 20 15:02 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config

第二步:从官网下载Python对应版本的包(以2.7.13为例)

[root@192 tools_package]#wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz   # wget 后接python官网对应的链接 

第三步:加压、配置、编译、安装Python2.7.13

• 解压 

[root@192 tools_package]# tar -zxvf Python-2.7.13.tgz  # 解压命令

• 安装gcc(在编译时会依赖)

[root@192 tools_package]# yum install gcc* openssl openssl-devel ncurses-devel.x86_64 bzip2-devel sqlite-devel python-devel zlib

•  配置、编译、安装

[root@192 tools_package]# cd Python-2.7.13
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# (sudo)./configure --prefix=/usr/local  #  [配置]指定可执行文件、库文件、配置文件、资源文件的安装路径。若没有权限加sudo
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# (sudo) make  # 编译
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# make altinstall  # 不要使用make install,否则会覆盖系统自带python

第四步:安装后环境检查

• Python安装后的版本

[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# python -V # 发现版本还是原版本 Python 2.7.5

• 安装前后的Python对比

[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# ll /usr/bin/python*              #系统自带的
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    7 Nov 14 18:14 /usr/bin/python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Nov 14 18:14 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Aug  4 08:40 /usr/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 1835 Aug  4 08:39 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   16 Jan 20 15:02 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   14 Jan 20 15:02 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# ll -l /usr/local/bin/python*        #手工安装的
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8257360 Jan 20 15:26 /usr/local/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1687 Jan 20 15:27 /usr/local/bin/python2.7-config
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# 

•  备份旧版本,连接新版本

[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7.5     #mv 文件名 文件名  意思:将源文件改为目标文件名 
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# ll -l /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 3月  29 22:44 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7136 11月  6 00:29 /usr/bin/python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    7 3月  29 22:44 /usr/bin/python2.7.5 -> python2  # 改为2.7.5
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1835 11月  6 00:29 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 4月   2 03:27 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 4月   2 03:27 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python # 增加连接
[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# ll -l /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   24 4月   2 05:08 /usr/bin/python -> /usr/local/bin/python2.7  # 新增的,并指向新安装的python
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 3月  29 22:44 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7136 11月  6 00:29 /usr/bin/python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    7 3月  29 22:44 /usr/bin/python2.7.5 -> python2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1835 11月  6 00:29 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 4月   2 03:27 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 4月   2 03:27 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config

•  再次检查Python版本

[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# python -V
Python 2.7.13

•  若想访问老版本Python(如2.7.5版本)

[root@192 Python-2.7.13]# python2.7.5 -V
Python 2.7.5
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/aiyr/p/8321122.html