day15 分页及 JDBC 大数据的处理

Author:相忠良
Email: ugoood@163.com
起始于:June 7, 2018
最后更新日期:June 8, 2018

声明:本笔记依据传智播客方立勋老师 Java Web 的授课视频内容记录而成,中间加入了自己的理解。本笔记目的是强化自己学习所用。若有疏漏或不当之处,请在评论区指出。谢谢。
涉及的图片,文档写完后,一次性更新。

本节案例是承接 day14 的客户关系管理系统,继续改造。

1. 分页实现(重点)

所需小知识,如下:
select id,name from customer limit 0,5;显示第1-5条数据,第1页;
select id,name from customer limit 5,5;显示第6-10条数据,第2页;
select id,name from customer limit 10,5;显示第11-15条数据,第3页。

分页结构图如下(重要的就是这个图,后面的工作均围绕这个图展开):

1

上图涉及了3个封装数据的 javabean,先实现了他们!如下:

cn.wk.domain.PageBean

package cn.wk.domain;

import java.util.List;

public class PageBean {
	private List list;
	private int totalrecord;
	private int pagesize;
	private int totalpage;
	private int currentpage;
	private int previouspage;
	private int nextpage;
	private int[] pagebar;

	public int getPagesize() {
		return pagesize;
	}

	public void setPagesize(int pagesize) {
		this.pagesize = pagesize;
	}

	public List getList() {
		return list;
	}

	public void setList(List list) {
		this.list = list;
	}

	public int getTotalrecord() {
		return totalrecord;
	}

	public void setTotalrecord(int totalrecord) {
		this.totalrecord = totalrecord;
	}

	public int getTotalpage() {
		if (this.totalrecord % this.pagesize == 0)
			this.totalpage = this.totalrecord / this.pagesize;
		else
			this.totalpage = this.totalrecord / this.pagesize + 1;
		return totalpage;
	}

	public int getCurrentpage() {
		return currentpage;
	}

	public void setCurrentpage(int currentpage) {
		this.currentpage = currentpage;
	}

	public int getPreviouspage() {
		if (this.currentpage - 1 < 1)
			this.previouspage = 1;
		else
			this.previouspage = this.currentpage - 1;
		return previouspage;
	}

	public int getNextpage() {
		if (this.currentpage + 1 >= this.totalpage)
			this.nextpage = this.totalpage;
		else
			this.nextpage = this.currentpage + 1;
		return nextpage;
	}

	public int[] getPagebar() {
		int startpage;
		int endpage;
		int pagebar[] = null;
		if (this.totalpage <= 10) {
			pagebar = new int[this.totalpage];
			startpage = 1;
			endpage = this.totalpage;
		} else {
			pagebar = new int[10];
			startpage = this.currentpage - 4;
			endpage = this.currentpage + 5;

			if (startpage < 1) {
				startpage = 1;
				endpage = 10;
			}

			if (endpage > this.totalpage) {
				endpage = this.totalpage;
				startpage = this.totalpage - 9;
			}
		}

		int index = 0;
		for (int i = startpage; i <= endpage; i++) {
			pagebar[index++] = i;
		}
		this.pagebar = pagebar;
		return this.pagebar;
	}
}

cn.wk.domain.QueryInfo

package cn.wk.domain;

public class QueryInfo {
	private int currentpage = 1; // 用户要看的页
	private int pagesize = 5;    // 用户想看的页面大小
	private int startindex;      // 记住用户看的页的数据在数据库的起始位置

	public int getCurrentpage() {return currentpage;}
	public void setCurrentpage(int currentpage) {
		this.currentpage = currentpage;
	}
	public int getPagesize() {return pagesize;}
	public void setPagesize(int pagesize) {this.pagesize = pagesize;}
	public int getStartindex() {
		this.startindex = (this.currentpage - 1) * this.pagesize;
		return startindex;
	}
}

cn.wk.domain.QueryResult

package cn.wk.domain;

import java.util.List;

public class QueryResult {
	private List list;       // 记住用户看的页的数据
	private int totalrecord; // 记住总记录数

	public List getList() {return list;}
	public void setList(List list) {this.list = list;}
	public int getTotalrecord() {return totalrecord;}
	public void setTotalrecord(int totalrecord) {
		this.totalrecord = totalrecord;
	}
}

cn.wk.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImpl添加1个方法(同时将该方法声明加入cn.wk.dao.CustomerDao接口中),如下:

/* 为分页功能 所添加的代码 */
// 获取页面数据和总记录数
public QueryResult pageQuery(int startindex, int pagesize) {

  Connection conn = null;
  PreparedStatement st = null;
  ResultSet rs = null;

  QueryResult qr = new QueryResult();

  try {
    conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
    String sql = "select * from customer limit ?,?";
    st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
    st.setInt(1, startindex);
    st.setInt(2, pagesize);
    rs = st.executeQuery();
    List list = new ArrayList();
    while (rs.next()) {
      Customer c = new Customer();
      c.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
      c.setCellphone(rs.getString("cellphone"));
      c.setDescription(rs.getString("description"));
      c.setEmail(rs.getString("email"));
      c.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
      c.setId(rs.getString("id"));
      c.setName(rs.getString("name"));
      c.setPreference(rs.getString("preference"));
      c.setType(rs.getString("type"));
      list.add(c);
    }
    qr.setList(list);

    // 总记录数
    sql = "select count(*) from customer";
    st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
    rs = st.executeQuery();
    if (rs.next()) {
      qr.setTotalrecord(rs.getInt(1));
    }
    return qr;
  } catch (Exception e) {
    throw new DaoException(e);
  } finally {
    JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
  }
}

修改cn.wk.service.impl.BusinessServiceImpl,向其添加下面的方法(同时将该方法声明加入cn.wk.service.BusinessService接口中),如下:

public PageBean pageQuery(QueryInfo queryInfo) {
  // 调用 dao 获取页面数据
  QueryResult qr = dao.pageQuery(queryInfo.getStartindex(),
      queryInfo.getPagesize());

  // 根据 dao 查询结果,生成页面显示所需的 pagebean
  PageBean bean = new PageBean();
  bean.setCurrentpage(queryInfo.getCurrentpage());
  bean.setList(qr.getList());
  bean.setPagesize(queryInfo.getPagesize());
  bean.setTotalrecord(qr.getTotalrecord());
  return bean;
}

修改cn.wk.web.controller.ListCustomerServlet如下:

package cn.wk.web.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.wk.domain.PageBean;
import cn.wk.domain.QueryInfo;
import cn.wk.service.BusinessService;
import cn.wk.service.impl.BusinessServiceImpl;
import cn.wk.utils.WebUtils;

// 用分页技术,得到所有客户显示
public class ListCustomerServlet extends HttpServlet {
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		try {
			// 把 request 信息封装成 查询信息 bean 中
			QueryInfo info = WebUtils.request2Bean(req, QueryInfo.class);
			BusinessService service = new BusinessServiceImpl();
			PageBean pagebean = service.pageQuery(info);
			req.setAttribute("pagebean", pagebean);
			req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/listcustomer.jsp").forward(
					req, resp);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			req.setAttribute("message", "查看客户失败!!");
			req.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(req, resp);
		}
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
}

最后,修改/WEB-INF/jsp/listcustomer.jsp(改成分页显示,而不是全部显示)如下:
<%@ taglib uri="/wk" prefix="wk"%>在 1.1 节有定义。

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/wk" prefix="wk"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">

<head>
<title>列出所有客户</title>

<style type="text/css">
	.even{background-color:#FFFFCC}
	.odd{background-color:#CCFFFF}
	tr:hover{background-color:#FFCCCC}
</style>
</head>

<body style="text-align: center;">
	<table frame="border" width="85%">
		<tr>
			<td>客户姓名</td>
			<td>性别</td>
			<td>生日</td>
			<td>手机</td>
			<td>邮箱</td>
			<td>爱好</td>
			<td>类型</td>
			<td>备注</td>
			<td>操作</td>
		</tr>

		<c:forEach var="c" items="#{requestScope.pagebean.list}" varStatus="status">
			<tr class="${status.count%2==0?'even':'odd'}">
				<td>${c.name }</td>
				<td>${c.gender }</td>
				<td>${c.birthday }</td>
				<td>${c.cellphone }</td>
				<td>${c.email }</td>
				<td>${wk:sub(c.preference) }</td>
				<td>${c.type }</td>
				<td>${wk:sub(c.description) }</td>
				<td>
					<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/EditCustomerServlet?id=${c.id}">修改</a>
					<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="del(${c.id})">删除</a>
					<!-- <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="del('${c.id}')">删除</a>  加单引号才能删,怕数据被别人删,所以注释掉 -->
				</td>
			</tr>
		</c:forEach>
	</table>
	<br />

	<script type="text/javascript">
		function del(id){
			if(window.confirm("您确定删除??")){
				window.location.href='${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/DelCustomerServlet?id=' + id;
			}
		}

		function gotopage(currentpage) {
			if (currentpage < 1 || currentpage != parseInt(currentpage)
					|| currentpage > ${pagebean.totalpage}) {
				alert("请输入有效值!!");
				document.getElementById("pagenum").value = '';
			} else {
				var pagesize = document.getElementById("pagesize").value;
				window.location.href = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/ListCustomerServlet?currentpage='
						+ currentpage + '&pagesize=' + pagesize;
			}
		}
	</script>

	共[${pagebean.totalrecord}]条记录,
	每页
	<input type="text" id="pagesize" value="${pagebean.pagesize}"
		onchange="gotopage(${pagebean.currentpage})" style="30px"
		maxlength="2">条,
	 共[${pagebean.totalpage}]页,
	当前第[${pagebean.currentpage}]页 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

	<a href="javascript:void(0)"
		onclick="gotopage(${pagebean.previouspage})">上一页</a>

	<c:forEach var="pagenum" items="${pagebean.pagebar}">
		<c:if test="${pagenum==pagebean.currentpage }">
			<font color="red">${pagenum}</font>
		</c:if>

		<c:if test="${pagenum!=pagebean.currentpage }">
			<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="gotopage(${pagenum})">${pagenum}</a>
		</c:if>
	</c:forEach>

	<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="gotopage(${pagebean.nextpage})">下一页</a>

	<input type="text" id="pagenum" style="35px" >
	<input type="button" value=" GO " onclick="gotopage(document.getElementById('pagenum').value)">

</body>
</html>

1.1 自建 EL 表达式去处理简介过长问题

cn.wk.utils.MyEL,注意 EL 需建立静态方法,代码如下:

package cn.wk.utils;

public class MyEL {
	public static String sub(String str) {
		if (str.length() > 10)
			return str.substring(0, 10) + "......";
		return str;
	}
}

再写一个tld文件,WEB-INFwk.tld

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
  version="2.0">

  <description>JSTL 1.1 functions library</description>
  <display-name>JSTL functions</display-name>
  <tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
  <short-name>fn</short-name>
  <uri>/wk</uri>

   <function>
    <name>sub</name>
    <function-class>cn.wk.utils.MyEL</function-class>
    <function-signature>java.lang.String sub(java.lang.String)</function-signature>
  </function>

</taglib>

2. 完成客户关系管理案例

修改客户信息的cn.wk.web.controller.EditCustomerServlet

package cn.wk.web.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.wk.domain.Customer;
import cn.wk.service.BusinessService;
import cn.wk.service.impl.BusinessServiceImpl;
import cn.wk.utils.Globals;
import cn.wk.utils.WebUtils;

public class EditCustomerServlet extends HttpServlet {

	// 根据id获取要修改的客户信息
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String id = req.getParameter("id");
		BusinessService service = new BusinessServiceImpl();
		Customer c = service.findCustomer(id);

		req.setAttribute("genders", Globals.genders);
		req.setAttribute("preferences", Globals.preferences);
		req.setAttribute("types", Globals.types);

		req.setAttribute("c", c);
		req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/editcustomer.jsp").forward(req,
				resp);
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		// 把填写的表单修改信息封装到 customer 对象中
		try {
			Customer c = WebUtils.request2Bean(req, Customer.class); // 里面有id
			BusinessService service = new BusinessServiceImpl();
			service.updateCustomer(c);
			req.setAttribute("message", "更新成功!!");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			req.setAttribute("message", "更新失败!!");
		}
		req.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(req, resp);
	}
}

/WEB-INF/jsp/editcustomer.jsp如下(涉及数据回显):

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" prefix="fn" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>修改用户的视图</title>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/ShowCalendar.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript">
		function makepre(){
			var pres = document.getElementsByName("pre");
			var preference = "";
			for(var i = 0; i < pres.length; i++){
				var input = pres[i];
				if(input.checked==true){
					preference = preference + input.value + ",";
				}
			}
			// 组装字符串   跳舞,打麻将,看凤姐
			preference = preference.substr(0, preference.length - 1);

			var form = document.getElementById("form");
			var input = document.createElement("input");
			input.type = "hidden";
			input.name = "preference";
			input.value = preference;

			form.appendChild(input);
			return true;
		}
	</script>
  </head>

<body style="text-align:center;">
	<br />
	<form id="form"
		action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/EditCustomerServlet"
		method="post" onsubmit="return makepre()">
		<!-- js代码,当按submit按钮时,就调用makepre()方法 -->

		<table border="1" width="30%">
			<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${c.id}">
			<tr>
				<td>客户姓名</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="name" value="${c.name}"></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>性别</td>
				<td><c:forEach var="gender" items="${genders}">
						<input type="radio" name="gender" value="${gender}" ${c.gender==gender?'checked':'' }> ${gender}
				</c:forEach></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>生日</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="birthday"
					onClick="showCalendar(this.id)" id="birthday" value="${c.birthday}"></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>手机</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="cellphone" value="${c.cellphone}"></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>邮箱</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="email" value="${c.email}"></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>爱好</td>
				<td><c:forEach var="p" items="${preferences}">
						<input type="checkbox" name="pre" value="${p}" ${fn:contains(c.preference,p)?'checked':'' }>${p}
				</c:forEach></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>客户类型</td>
				<td><c:forEach var="t" items="${types}">
						<input type="radio" name="type" value="${t}" ${c.type==t?'checked':''}>${t}
				</c:forEach></td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td>客户备注</td>
				<td>
				<textarea rows="5" cols="100" name="description">${c.description}</textarea>
				</td>
			</tr>

			<tr>
				<td><input type="reset" value="重置"></td>
				<td><input type="submit" value="修改客户"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

删除客户数据的cn.wk.web.controller.DelCustomerServlet

package cn.wk.web.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.wk.service.BusinessService;
import cn.wk.service.impl.BusinessServiceImpl;

// 删除记录
public class DelCustomerServlet extends HttpServlet {
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		try {
			String id = req.getParameter("id");
			BusinessService service = new BusinessServiceImpl();
			service.deleteCustomer(id);
			req.setAttribute("message", "删除成功!!");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			req.setAttribute("message", "删除失败!!");
		}
		req.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(req, resp);
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
}

3. jdbc 大数据的处理

准备:新建 java 工程,名字为 day15。

这里的大数据 LOB(Large Objects) 仅仅指:

  • clob 用于存大文本,Text;
  • blob 用于存二进制数据,如图像,声音,二进制文件等。

对MySQL而言只有blob,而没有clob,mysql存储大文本采用的是Text,Text和blob分别又分为:

  • TINYTEXT、TEXT、MEDIUMTEXT和LONGTEXT
  • TINYBLOB、BLOB、MEDIUMBLOB和LONGBLOB

对于MySQL中的Text类型,可调用如下方法去存:

// 给个reader流,而不能给String,大数据的处理只能通过流
PreparedStatement.setCharacterStream(index, reader, length);
//注意length长度须设置,并且设置为int型

对MySQL中的Text类型,可调用如下方法获取:

reader = resultSet. getCharacterStream(i);
reader = resultSet.getClob(i).getCharacterStream();
string s = resultSet.getString(i);

例子 Demo1:
前提是准备好 资源文件db.properties,1.txt,mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar,创建好day15数据库和 testclob 表(在下面代码里有),然后在做这个实验。

public class Demo1 {

	/**
	 * 读写大文本	 *
	 * create table testclob ( id varchar(40) primary key, resume text );
	 * */

	@Test
	public void insert() throws SQLException, FileNotFoundException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;

		try {
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			String sql = "insert into testclob(id,resume) values(?,?)";
			st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			st.setString(1, "1");

			File file = new File("src/1.txt");
			FileReader reader = new FileReader(file);
			st.setCharacterStream(2, reader, (int) file.length());
			int num = st.executeUpdate();
			if (num > 0)
				System.out.println("插入成功!!");
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
		}
	}

  @Test
	public void read() throws SQLException, IOException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;

		try {
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			String sql = "select id, resume from testclob where id='1'";
			st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			rs = st.executeQuery();

			if (rs.next()) {
				// String resume = rs.getString("resume"); 不能这样做,内存会崩

				Reader reader = rs.getCharacterStream("resume"); //<---重点
				FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("e:\1.txt");
				try {
					int len = 0;
					char buffer[] = new char[1024];
					while ((len = reader.read(buffer)) > 0) {
						writer.write(buffer, 0, len);
					}
				} finally {
					if (reader != null) {
						reader.close();
					}
					if (writer != null) {
						writer.close();
					}
				}
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
		}
	}
}


db.properties如下:

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/day15
username=root
password=root

对于MySQL中的BLOB类型,可调用如下方法设置:

PreparedStatement. setBinaryStream(i, inputStream, length);

对MySQL中的BLOB类型,可调用如下方法获取:

InputStream in  = resultSet.getBinaryStream(i);
InputStream in  = resultSet.getBlob(i).getBinaryStream();

实验所用的表:

create table testclob ( id varchar(40) primary key, image blob );

细节,略。

4. jdbc 实现数据库批处理

小知识: truncate table testbatch; 清除 testbatch 中的所有数据。
下面例子展现了 oracle 的强大。插入 10000006 条记录,mysql 用大约3小时,而 oracle 只用 380秒,即 6 分多钟!

例子(展示了2种批处理的方式):
第二种方式适合做批量插入和更新,而第一种方式可发不同种的sql语句。实际开发中,第二种用的多!

package cn.itcast.demo;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.junit.Test;

import cn.itcast.utils.JdbcUtils;

public class Demo3 {

	/*
	 create table testbatch
	 (
	 	id varchar(40) primary key,
	 	name varchar(40)
	 );	 
	*/

	//实现批处理第一种方式
	@Test
	public void test1() throws SQLException{
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;

		try{
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			String sql1 = "insert into testbatch(id,name) values('1','aaa')";
			String sql2 = "update testbatch set name='bbb' where id='1'";

			st = conn.createStatement();  //list
			st.addBatch(sql1);
			st.addBatch(sql2);

			//[3,4]
			st.executeBatch();
			st.clearBatch();

		}finally{
			JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
		}
	}


	//实现批处理的第二种方式
	@Test
	public void test2() throws SQLException{

		long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;

		try{
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			String sql = "insert into testbatch(id,name) values(?,?)";   //作批量插入   批量更新
			st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

			for(int i=1;i<=10000006;i++){
				st.setString(1, i+"");
				st.setString(2, "aa" + i);
				st.addBatch();
				if(i%1000==0){
					st.executeBatch(); // 每1000个sql做成批,向数据库发一次
					st.clearBatch(); // 清除 st 维护的 list 中的数据
				}
			}
			st.executeBatch(); // 剩余的部分做成批,最后再向数据库发一次
		}finally{
			JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
		}

		long endtime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("总花了:" + (endtime-starttime)/1000 + "秒");
	}
}

5. jdbc 获取数据库自动生成的主键和调用存储过程

5.1 数据库自动生成的主键

public class Demo4 {
	/**
	 获取自动生成的主键
	 use day15;
	 create table test(
	 	id int primary key auto_increment,
	 	name varchar(40)
	 );
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;

		try {
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			String sql = "insert into test(name) values('aaa')";

			// 设置st是否能获取自动生成的主键    但下面的设置不起任何作用,不知为啥
			st = conn.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS); //<--
			st.executeUpdate();
			rs = st.getGeneratedKeys(); // <-- 重点
			if(rs.next()){
				System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));
			}
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
		}
	}
}

5.2 jdbc 调用存储过程(procedure) - 金融证券领域用的特多

金融证券领域的开发无法使用 hibernate,因为数据库表结构是保密的,只有存储过程暴露在外。此领域只能通过 jdbc 调用存储过程去获取数据。

存储过程就是数据库那面的方法或者函数。处理数据用。现在,我们有两种方式从数据库中获取我们想要的数据:

  1. 在数据库中编写存储过程,由该 procedure 把处理后的数据给我们;
  2. 直接把数据库的数据拉到我们这来,我们通过 java 编写函数来处理数据,最终获取我们想要的数据。

银行的业务,如利息是在数据库中用存储过程来实现的,而不是在数据库外用其他语言如 java,由其他 coder 实现!

试验准备,编写一个存储过程,如下:

use day15;
delimiter $$

CREATE PROCEDURE demoSp(IN inputParam VARCHAR(255), INOUT inOutParam varchar(255))
BEGIN
    SELECT CONCAT('zyxw---', inputParam) into inOutParam;
END $$

delimiter ;

得到CallableStatement,并调用存储过程:

CallableStatement cStmt = conn.prepareCall("{call demoSp(?, ?)}");

设置参数,注册返回值,得到输出:

cStmt.setString(1, "abcdefg");
cStmt.registerOutParameter(2, Types.VARCHAR);
cStmt.execute();
System.out.println(cStmt.getString(2));

完整例子:

public class Demo5 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		CallableStatement cStmt = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;		

		try {
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			cStmt = conn.prepareCall("{call demoSp(?,?)}");

			cStmt.setString(1, "haha");
			cStmt.registerOutParameter(2, Types.VARCHAR);
			cStmt.execute();
			System.out.println(cStmt.getString(2));
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.release(conn, cStmt, rs);
		}
	}
}

6. ResultSet 对结果集进行滚动

ResultSet 提供了对结果集进行滚动的方法:

  • next():移动到下一行
  • Previous():移动到前一行
  • absolute(int row):移动到指定行
  • beforeFirst():移动resultSet的最前面。
  • afterLast() :移动到resultSet的最后面

可对小数据量内容分页,不可应用于大数据量,因为数据量大时,ResultSet 对象会很大。应该象第 1 节分页实现里讲的那样,你要那些数据,就查询哪些数据进行显示,而不是一次性把所有数据拿回来,封装到 ResultSet 对象中再处理,这种方式若数据量足够大,内存会崩!

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ZhongliangXiang/p/9154916.html