Nginx平滑升级
一.上传新版本的Nginx源码包
[root@localhost ~]# rz #上传自己新版本的Nginx源码包
[root@localhost ~]# ls #查看
nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
nginx-1.17.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.17.3.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ #将软件包解包
二.查看老版本的Nginx编译安装信息
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -V #获取到老版本的Nginx编译安装信息
nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
三.将新版本的源码包进行编译，但不执行安装(make install)
[root@localhost ~]#cd /usr/src/nginx-1.17.3/
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module && make
四.将二进制文件进行备份，用新版替换旧的
[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/old.nginx
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
old.nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/src/nginx-1.17.3/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx old.nginx
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
old.nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/src/nginx-1.17.3/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx old.nginx
五.确保文件不会进行报错
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
六.发送USR2信号
向主进程（master）发送USR2信号，Nginx会启动一个新版本的master进程和对应工作进程，和旧版一起处理请求
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1152 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4109 0.0 0.4 45456 2012 ? S 16:58 0:00 nginx: worker process
[root@localhost ~]# kill -USR2 4108
向主进程（master）发送USR2信号，Nginx会启动一个新版本的master进程和对应工作进程，和旧版一起处理请求
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1152 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4109 0.0 0.4 45456 2012 ? S 16:58 0:00 nginx: worker process
[root@localhost ~]# kill -USR2 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1316 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4109 0.0 0.4 45456 2012 ? S 16:58 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 6605 0.5 0.6 45196 3364 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 6607 0.0 0.3 45624 1756 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1316 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4109 0.0 0.4 45456 2012 ? S 16:58 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 6605 0.5 0.6 45196 3364 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 6607 0.0 0.3 45624 1756 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: worker process
七.发送WINCH信号
向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送WINCH信号，它会逐步关闭自己的工作进程（主进程不退出），这时所有请求都会由新版Nginx处理
[root@localhost ~]# kill -WINCH 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1320 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root 6605 0.0 0.6 45196 3364 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 6607 0.0 0.3 45624 1756 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: worker process
向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送WINCH信号，它会逐步关闭自己的工作进程（主进程不退出），这时所有请求都会由新版Nginx处理
[root@localhost ~]# kill -WINCH 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 4108 0.0 0.2 45028 1320 ? Ss 16:58 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root 6605 0.0 0.6 45196 3364 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 6607 0.0 0.3 45624 1756 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: worker process
八.发送QUIT信号
升级完毕，可向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送（QUIT、TERM、或者KILL）信号，使旧的主进程退出
[root@localhost ~]# kill -QUIT 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root 6605 0.0 0.6 45196 3364 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 6607 0.0 0.4 45624 2056 ? S 17:02 0:00 nginx: worker process
九.验证nginx版本号，并访问测试
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -V #查看新版本信息
nginx version: nginx/1.17.3
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
[root@localhost ~]# curl -I 127.0.0.1 #进行访问测试
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.3
Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2019 02:06:04 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 04:59:53 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5d830b49-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
nginx version: nginx/1.17.3
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
[root@localhost ~]# curl -I 127.0.0.1 #进行访问测试
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.3
Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2019 02:06:04 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Thu, 19 Sep 2019 04:59:53 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5d830b49-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes