有的时候，我们项目上线后，需要根据ip地址去统计不同地区的用户情况，此时IP地址的收取显得尤其重要，一般情况下，在用户登录时去获取用户的ip是准确的，当然实时追踪ip的变化而统计是更安全可靠的。
ip地址长度现在是有区别的，分为IPv4和IPv6.IPv4地址是类似 A.B.C.D 的格式，它是32位，用"."分成四段，用10进制表示；而IPv6地址类似X:X:X:X:X:X:X:X的格式，它是128位的，用":"分成8段，用16进制表示；可见，IPv6地址空间相对于IPv4地址有了极大的扩充。
IPv4是32位地址长度
IPv6是128位地址长度
下面有两个方法，可供使用，如下：
方法一：使用一套C的方法去获取IP地址
IPAddress.h：声明文件
// // IPAddress.h // IP_Test // // Created by 夏远全 on 16/7/15. // Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved. // #ifndef IPAddress_h #define IPAddress_h #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <sys/sockio.h> #include <net/if.h> #include <errno.h> #include <net/if_dl.h> #include <net/ethernet.h> #define BUFFERSIZE 4000 #define MAXADDRS 32 #define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b)) #define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b)) extern char *if_names[MAXADDRS]; extern char *ip_names[MAXADDRS]; extern char *hw_addrs[MAXADDRS]; extern unsigned long ip_addrs[MAXADDRS]; // Function prototypes void InitAddresses(); void FreeAddresses(); void GetIPAddresses(); void GetHWAddresses(); #endif /* IPAddress_h */
IPAddress.c：实现文件
// // IPAddress.c // IP_Test // // Created by 夏远全 on 16/7/15. // Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved. // #include "IPAddress.h" char *if_names[MAXADDRS]; char *ip_names[MAXADDRS]; char *hw_addrs[MAXADDRS]; unsigned long ip_addrs[MAXADDRS]; static int nextAddr = 0; void InitAddresses() { int i; for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i) { if_names[i] = ip_names[i] = hw_addrs[i] = NULL; ip_addrs[i] = 0; } } void FreeAddresses() { int i; for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i) { if (if_names[i] != 0) free(if_names[i]); if (ip_names[i] != 0) free(ip_names[i]); if (hw_addrs[i] != 0) free(hw_addrs[i]); ip_addrs[i] = 0; } InitAddresses(); } void GetIPAddresses() { int i, len, flags; char buffer[BUFFERSIZE], *ptr, lastname[IFNAMSIZ], *cptr; struct ifconf ifc; struct ifreq *ifr, ifrcopy; struct sockaddr_in *sin; char temp[80]; int sockfd; for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i) { if_names[i] = ip_names[i] = NULL; ip_addrs[i] = 0; } sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) { perror("socket failed"); return; } ifc.ifc_len = BUFFERSIZE; ifc.ifc_buf = buffer; if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifc) < 0) { perror("ioctl error"); return; } lastname[0] = 0; for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + ifc.ifc_len; ) { ifr = (struct ifreq *)ptr; len = max(sizeof(struct sockaddr), ifr->ifr_addr.sa_len); ptr += sizeof(ifr->ifr_name) + len; // for next one in buffer if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_INET) { continue; // ignore if not desired address family } if ((cptr = (char *)strchr(ifr->ifr_name, ':')) != NULL) { *cptr = 0; // replace colon will null } if (strncmp(lastname, ifr->ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ) == 0) { continue; /* already processed this interface */ } memcpy(lastname, ifr->ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ); ifrcopy = *ifr; ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifrcopy); flags = ifrcopy.ifr_flags; if ((flags & IFF_UP) == 0) { continue; // ignore if interface not up } if_names[nextAddr] = (char *)malloc(strlen(ifr->ifr_name)+1); if (if_names[nextAddr] == NULL) { return; } strcpy(if_names[nextAddr], ifr->ifr_name); sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr->ifr_addr; strcpy(temp, inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr)); ip_names[nextAddr] = (char *)malloc(strlen(temp)+1); if (ip_names[nextAddr] == NULL) { return; } strcpy(ip_names[nextAddr], temp); ip_addrs[nextAddr] = sin->sin_addr.s_addr; ++nextAddr; } close(sockfd); } void GetHWAddresses() { struct ifconf ifc; struct ifreq *ifr; int i, sockfd; char buffer[BUFFERSIZE], *cp, *cplim; char temp[80]; for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i) { hw_addrs[i] = NULL; } sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) { perror("socket failed"); return; } ifc.ifc_len = BUFFERSIZE; ifc.ifc_buf = buffer; if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *)&ifc) < 0) { perror("ioctl error"); close(sockfd); return; } ifr = ifc.ifc_req; cplim = buffer + ifc.ifc_len; for (cp=buffer; cp < cplim; ) { ifr = (struct ifreq *)cp; if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family == AF_LINK) { struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)&ifr->ifr_addr; int a,b,c,d,e,f; int i; strcpy(temp, (char *)ether_ntoa((const struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(sdl))); sscanf(temp, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", &a, &b, &c, &d, &e, &f); sprintf(temp, "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",a,b,c,d,e,f); for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i) { if ((if_names[i] != NULL) && (strcmp(ifr->ifr_name, if_names[i]) == 0)) { if (hw_addrs[i] == NULL) { hw_addrs[i] = (char *)malloc(strlen(temp)+1); strcpy(hw_addrs[i], temp); break; } } } } cp += sizeof(ifr->ifr_name) + max(sizeof(ifr->ifr_addr), ifr->ifr_addr.sa_len); } close(sockfd); }
将头文件导入ViewController.m中进行测试
// // ViewController.m // IP_Test // // Created by mac on 16/7/15. // Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved. // #import "ViewController.h" #import "IPAddress.h" @interface ViewController () @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; [self getIPAddress]; } //获取ip地址 - (void)getIPAddress { InitAddresses(); GetIPAddresses(); GetHWAddresses(); int i; // NSString *deviceIP = nil; for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i) { static unsigned long localHost = 0x7F000001; // 127.0.0.1 unsigned long theAddr; theAddr = ip_addrs[i]; if (theAddr == 0) break; if (theAddr == localHost) continue; NSLog(@"Name: %s MAC: %s IP: %s ", if_names[i], hw_addrs[i], ip_names[i]); } } @end
测试结果：
模拟器上连接wifi：
2016-07-15 16:19:49.187 IP_Test[5674:205359] Name: lo0 MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00 IP: 127.0.0.1 2016-07-15 16:19:49.187 IP_Test[5674:205359] Name: en1 MAC: BC:54:36:CC:9C:96 IP: 192.168.0.109
iphone上：
连接wifi时:
2016-07-15 17:32:08.884 IP_Test[4813:2032752] Name: lo0 MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00 IP: 127.0.0.1 2016-07-15 17:32:08.885 IP_Test[4813:2032752] Name: pdp_ip0 MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:70 IP: 10.204.102.136 2016-07-15 17:32:08.885 IP_Test[4813:2032752] Name: en0 MAC: 02:00:00:00:00:00 IP: 192.168.0.111
使用4G时:
2016-07-15 17:32:44.163 IP_Test[4817:2033214] Name: lo0 MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00 IP: 127.0.0.1 2016-07-15 17:32:44.164 IP_Test[4817:2033214] Name: pdp_ip0 MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:70 IP: 10.204.102.136
方法二：使用一套OC的方法去获取IP地址，该方法简单，能实时监测IP地址的变化
stackoverflow参考地址为：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7072989/iphone-ipad-how-to-get-my-ip-address-programmatically
// // ViewController.m // IP_Test // // Created by 夏远全 on 16/7/15. // Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved. // #import "ViewController.h" #include <ifaddrs.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <net/if.h> #define IOS_CELLULAR @"pdp_ip0" #define IOS_WIFI @"en0" #define IOS_VPN @"utun0" #define IP_ADDR_IPv4 @"ipv4" #define IP_ADDR_IPv6 @"ipv6" @interface ViewController () @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; NSLog(@"%@",[self getIPAddresses]); } - (NSString *)getIPAddress:(BOOL)preferIPv4 { NSArray *searchArray = preferIPv4 ? @[ IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6 ] : @[ IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4 ] ; NSDictionary *addresses = [self getIPAddresses]; NSLog(@"addresses: %@", addresses); __block NSString *address; [searchArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSString *key, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) { address = addresses[key]; if(address) *stop = YES; } ]; return address ? address : @"0.0.0.0"; } - (NSDictionary *)getIPAddresses { NSMutableDictionary *addresses = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:8]; // retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success struct ifaddrs *interfaces; if(!getifaddrs(&interfaces)) { // Loop through linked list of interfaces struct ifaddrs *interface; for(interface=interfaces; interface; interface=interface->ifa_next) { if(!(interface->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) /* || (interface->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) */ ) { continue; // deeply nested code harder to read } const struct sockaddr_in *addr = (const struct sockaddr_in*)interface->ifa_addr; char addrBuf[ MAX(INET_ADDRSTRLEN, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) ]; if(addr && (addr->sin_family==AF_INET || addr->sin_family==AF_INET6)) { NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:interface->ifa_name]; NSString *type; if(addr->sin_family == AF_INET) { if(inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr->sin_addr, addrBuf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN)) { type = IP_ADDR_IPv4; } } else { const struct sockaddr_in6 *addr6 = (const struct sockaddr_in6*)interface->ifa_addr; if(inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr6->sin6_addr, addrBuf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) { type = IP_ADDR_IPv6; } } if(type) { NSString *key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", name, type]; addresses[key] = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:addrBuf]; } } } // Free memory freeifaddrs(interfaces); } return [addresses count] ? addresses : nil; } @end
测试结果：
模拟器上连接wifi：
2016-07-15 16:23:35.864 IP_Test[5718:207702] { "awdl0/ipv6" = "fe80::e863:edff:fe93:a1c2"; "en1/ipv4" = "192.168.0.109"; "en1/ipv6" = "fe80::be54:36ff:fecc:9c96"; "lo0/ipv4" = "127.0.0.1"; "lo0/ipv6" = "fe80::1"; } 2016-07-15 17:24:12.877 IP_Test[4796:2028704] 0.0.0.0
iphone上：
连接wifi时:
2016-07-15 17:29:22.526 IP_Test[4807:2031207] addresses: { "awdl0/ipv6" = "fe80::6c6a:24ff:fe91:39f7"; "en0/ipv4" = "192.168.0.111"; "en0/ipv6" = "fe80::42d:42b4:82a7:3de8"; "lo0/ipv4" = "127.0.0.1"; "lo0/ipv6" = "fe80::1"; "pdp_ip0/ipv4" = "10.204.102.136"; } 2016-07-15 17:29:22.527 IP_Test[4807:2031207] 192.168.0.111
使用4G时:
2016-07-15 17:24:12.875 IP_Test[4796:2028704] addresses: { "lo0/ipv4" = "127.0.0.1"; "lo0/ipv6" = "fe80::1"; "pdp_ip0/ipv4" = "10.204.102.136"; } 2016-07-15 17:24:12.877 IP_Test[4796:2028704] 10.204.102.136
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CocoaPods: pod 'IPTool','~> 1.0.0'