iOS:UIView视图与组件控件

一、UIView常见属性

(1)@property(nonatomic,readonly)UIView *superview; //获取自己的父控件对象

(2)@property(nonatomic,readonly,copy)UIView *subviews;//获取自己的所有子控件对象

(3)@property(nonatomic)NSInteger tag;//控件的ID标识,父控件可以通过tag来找到对应的子控件,默认为0

(4)@property(nonatomic) CGRect frame;//控件所在矩形框的位置和尺寸(以父控件的左上角为坐标原点）

(5)@property(nonatomic) CGRect bounds;//控件所在矩形框的位置和尺寸（以自己左上角为坐标原点，所以bounds的xy永远为0）

(6)@property(nonatomic) CGPoint center;//控件中点的位置（以父控件的左上角为坐标原点）

(7)@property(nonatomic) CGAffineTransform transform;//控件的形变属性（可以设置旋转角度、比例缩放、平移等属性）

a.旋转：CGAffineTransform CGAffineTransformScale(CGAffineTransform t, CGFloat sx, CGFloat sy)

sx和sy为坐标放缩倍数

b.放缩：CGAffineTransform CGAffineTransformRotate(CGAffineTransform t,CGFloat angle)

angle:旋转度数

c.反转：CGAffineTransform CGAffineTransformInvert(CGAffineTransform t)

d. 两个矩阵仿射为一个新的矩阵：

CGAffineTransform CGAffineTransformConcat(CGAffineTransform t1,CGAffineTransform t2)

e.判断两个矩阵是否相等：

bool CGAffineTransformEqualToTransform(CGAffineTransform t1, CGAffineTransform t2)

创建一个仿射矩阵

CGAffineTransformMake 直接赋值来创建
CGAffineTransformMakeRotation 设置角度来生成矩阵
结果就是
CGAffineTransformMakeScale 设置缩放，及改变a、d的值
CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation 设置偏移

改变已经存在的放射矩阵

CGAffineTransformTranslate 原始的基础上加上偏移
CGAffineTransformScale加上缩放
CGAffineTransformRotate加上旋转
CGAffineTransformInvert 反向的仿射矩阵比如（x，y）通过矩阵t得到了（x',y'）那么通过这个函数生成的t'作用与（x',y'）就能得到原始的(x,y)
CGAffineTransformConcat 通过两个已经存在的放射矩阵生成一个新的矩阵t' = t1 * t2

应用仿射矩阵

CGPointApplyAffineTransform 得到新的点
CGSizeApplyAffineTransform 得到新的size
CGRectApplyAffineTransform 得到新的rect

视图view的组件图框frame的类型为CGRect结构体

struct CGRect

{

CGPoint origin;

CGSize size;

};

struct CGPonit

{

CGFloat x;

CGFloat y;

};

struct CGSize

{

CGFloat width;

CGFloat height;

};

视图view的组件形变控件transform的类型为CGAffineTransform结构体,就是一个矩阵(可以伸缩、平移、旋转等)

struct CGAffineTransform {

CGFloat a, b, c, d;

CGFloat tx, ty;

};

二、UIButton的初始化

–最普通的初始化方法

UIButton *btn = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:rect];

–快速初始化

UIButton *btn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];

–type参数用来指定按钮的类型，一共有6种选择：

•UIButtonTypeCustom：无类型，按钮的内容需要自定义

•UIButtonTypeRoundedRect：圆矩形边框

•UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure：

•UIButtonTypeInfoLight：

•UIButtonTypeInfoDark：

•UIButtonTypeContactAdd：

　　　　作品：boxMan

  1 #import "ViewController.h"
  2 typedef enum
  3 {
  4     buttonTypeLeft=1,
  5     buttonTypeRight,
  6     buttonTypeUp,
  7     buttonTypeDown,
  8     buttonTypeRotateL,
  9     buttonTypeRotateR,
 10     buttonTypeScaleUp,
 11     buttonTypeScaleDown,
 12     
 13 }buttonType;
 14 @interface ViewController ()
 15 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *viewMan;
 16 
 17 @end
 18 
 19 @implementation ViewController
 20 //移动方向
 21 - (IBAction)buttonDirectionClicked:(UIButton *)sender
 22 {
 23     //父视图的长度和高度
 24     NSInteger screenWidth = self.view.frame.size.width;
 25     NSInteger screenHeight = self.view.frame.size.height;
 26     
 27     //子视图
 28     CGRect rect = self.viewMan.frame;
 29     //每次移动距离
 30     NSInteger offset = 5;
 31     //父控件通过tag标识获取视图中子控件(组件)
 32     switch (sender.tag)
 33     {
 34         case buttonTypeDown:
 35             rect.origin.y += offset;
 36             if(rect.origin.y >= screenHeight)
 37             {
 38                 rect.origin.y = -rect.size.height;
 39             }
 40             break;
 41         case buttonTypeUp:
 42             rect.origin.y -= offset;
 43             if(rect.origin.y <= -rect.size.height)
 44             {
 45                 rect.origin.y = screenHeight;
 46             }
 47             break;
 48         case buttonTypeLeft:
 49             rect.origin.x -= offset;
 50             if(rect.origin.x <= -rect.size.width)
 51             {
 52                 rect.origin.x = screenWidth;
 53             }
 54             break;
 55         case buttonTypeRight:
 56             rect.origin.x += offset;
 57             if(rect.origin.x >= screenWidth)
 58             {
 59                 rect.origin.x = -rect.size.width;
 60             }
 61             break;
 62     }
 63     self.viewMan.frame = rect;
 64 }
 65 
 66 //旋转
 67 - (IBAction)buttonRotateClicked:(UIButton *)sender
 68 {
 69     //子视图这个控件的坐标矩阵
 70     CGAffineTransform form =  self.viewMan.transform;
 71     switch (sender.tag) {
 72         case buttonTypeRotateL:
 73             form = CGAffineTransformRotate(form, -M_2_PI/2);
 74             break;
 75         case buttonTypeRotateR:
 76             form = CGAffineTransformRotate(form, M_2_PI/2);
 77             break;
 78     }
 79     self.viewMan.transform = form;
 80 }
 81 
 82 //放缩
 83 - (IBAction)buttonScaleClicked:(UIButton *)sender
 84 {
 85     //子视图这个控件的坐标矩阵
 86     CGAffineTransform form = self.viewMan.transform;
 87     CGFloat scaleFator = 0.0f;
 88     
 89     switch (sender.tag) {
 90         case buttonTypeScaleUp:
 91             scaleFator = 1.2;
 92             break;
 93         case buttonTypeScaleDown:
 94             scaleFator = 0.8;
 95             break;
 96     }
 97     form = CGAffineTransformScale(form, scaleFator, scaleFator);
 98     self.viewMan.transform = form;
 99 }
100 
101 - (void)viewDidLoad {
102     [super viewDidLoad];
103     // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
104 }
105 
106 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
107     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
108     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
109 }
110 
111 @end