APPIUM API整理(python)---元素查找

最近在学习自动化框架appium,网上找一些API相关资料整理了一下

1.find_element_by_id

find_element_by_id(self, id_):

Finds element within this element's children by ID(通过元素的ID定位元素)

:Args: - id_ - ID of child element to locate.

用法 driver. find_element_by_id(“id”)

find_element_by_id方法,是对于那些有id而且可以互相区分的控件的操作使用,一般通过android sdk 的tools路径下的uiautomatorviewer.bat自带工具来获取,

使用这个工具首先要确保前面环境配置ok,然后确定测试机器或android模拟器处于连接状态(cmd上输入adb devices),下面是使用uiautomatorviewer.bat工具

获取resource-id

代码举例:

#点击天气应用
driver.find_element_by_id('com.huawei.android.totemweather:id/mulan_widget_currentweather_smallicon').click()  

 2.find_element_by_xpath

find_element_by_xpath(self, xpath):

Finds element by xpath(通过Xpath定位元素,详细方法可参阅http://www.w3school.com.cn/xpath/ )

```
:Args:

xpath - xpath of element to locate. "//input[@class='myelement']"

Note: The base path will be relative to this element's location.

This will select the first link under this element.

::

myelement.find_elements_by_xpath(".//a")

However, this will select the first link on the page.

::

myelement.find_elements_by_xpath("//a")
```

用法 find_element_by_xpath(“//*”)

find_element_by_xpath方法也需要使用uiautomatorviewer.bat工具来定位控件,如下图所示右边相机控件id为空,这时就需要使用xpath来定位元素了,

我们可以使用xpath用text和index来定位元素,可以这样定位相机: 

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'相机')]")

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@index,8)]")

如下图的图库那个控件index和天气温度控件是相同的,都是index=7,就只能用text或text与index结合了,如:

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'图库')]")

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'图库')and@index='7']")

上面的代码就可以这样写 

# -*-coding=utf-8 -*-

from appium import webdriver
import time
desired_caps = {
'platformName' : 'Android',
'deviceName' : '76P4C15813005463',
'platformVersion' : '5.1',
#测试apk包名
'appPackage' : 'com.huawei.android.launcher',
#测试apk的launcherActivity
'appActivity' : '.Launcher',
}
#进入android系统launcher
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub',desired_caps)
time.sleep(5)
#从launcher主界面进入相机应用并退出的两种方法
driver.keyevent('3')
#xpath使用text定位控件
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'相机')]").click()
time.sleep(2)
driver.keyevent('3')
time.sleep(2)
#xpath使用index定位控件
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@index,8)]").click()
time.sleep(2)
driver.keyevent('3')
time.sleep(2)

#从launcher主界面进入图库应用并退出的两种方法
#xpath使用text定位控件
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'图库').click()
time.sleep(2)
driver.keyevent('3')
time.sleep(2)
#xpath使用text与index一起定位控件
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'图库')and@index='7']").click()
time.sleep(5)
driver.keyevent('3')
time.sleep(2)

driver.quit()

 3. find_element_by_name

find_element_by_name(self, name):

Finds element within this element's children by name【通过元素Name定位(元素的名称属性text)】

:Args: - name - name property of the element to find.

 

用法: driver.find_element_by_name(“name”)

find_elements_by_name方法的控件元素也需要使用uiautomatorviewer.bat工具来定位,如上面例子中带有text信息的控件就可以直接使用,如

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'相机')]")

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@index,8)]") 

可以使用

driver.find_element_by_name('相机')

脚本如下

from appium import webdriver
import time
desired_caps = {
'platformName' : 'Android',
'deviceName' : '76P4C15813005463',
'platformVersion' : '5.1',
#测试apk包名
'appPackage' : 'com.huawei.android.launcher',
#测试apk的launcherActivity
'appActivity' : '.Launcher',
}
#进入android系统launcher
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub',desired_caps)
time.sleep(5)

#name方法进入相机应用
time.sleep(2)
driver.find_element_by_name("相机").click()
time.sleep(5)

driver.quit()

 4. find_element_by_class_name

find_element_by_class_name(self, name):

Finds element within this element's children by class name(通过元素class name属性定位元素 )

:Args: - name - class name to search for.

用法 driver. find_element_by_class_name(“android.widget.LinearLayout”)

find_element_by_class_name方法其实很不实用,一般控件的class基本相同,如下图上面的应用控件class都是android.widget.TextView,所以不好区分元素。

 5. find_element_by_link_text

find_element_by_link_text(self, link_text):

Finds element within this element's children by visible link text.
通过元素可见链接文本定位
:Args:
- link_text - Link text string to search for.
用法 driver.find_element_by_link_text(“text”)  

 

 6. find_elements_by_link_text

find_element_by_link_text(self, link_text):

Finds a list of elements within this element's children by visible link text
通过元素可见链接文本定位,含有该属性的所有元素
:Args:
- link_text - Link text string to search for.
用法 driver.find_elements_by_link_text(“text”)

 7. find_element_by_partial_link_text

find_element_by_partial_link_text(self, link_text): 

 

 8. find_element_by_tag_name

find_element_by_tag_name(self, name):

Finds element within this element's children by tag name.
通过查找html的标签名称定位元素
:Args:
- name - name of html tag (eg: h1, a, span)
用法 driver.find_element_by_tag_name(“name”) 

9. find_element_by_css_selector

find_element_by_css_selector(self, css_selector):

‘Finds element within this element's children by CSS selector.
通过CSS选择器定位元素
:Args:
- css_selector - CSS selctor string, ex: 'a.nav#home'  

10. find_element_by_ios_uiautomation

find_element_by_ios_uiautomation(self, uia_string): 

Finds an element by uiautomation in iOS.
通过iOS uiautomation查找元素
:Args:
- uia_string - The element name in the iOS UIAutomation library

:Usage:
driver.find_element_by_ios_uiautomation('.elements()[1].cells()[2]')
用法dr. find_element_by_ios_uiautomation(‘elements’)  

 11. find_element_by_accessibility_id

find_element_by_accessibility_id(self, id):

Finds an element by accessibility id.
通过accessibility id查找元素
:Args:
- id - a string corresponding to a recursive element search using the
Id/Name that the native Accessibility options utilize

:Usage:
driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id()
用法driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id(‘id’)

 

 

学习地址:

http://blog.csdn.net/bear_w/article/details/50330565

http://blog.csdn.net/bear_w/article/details/50330565 


 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/WXBai/p/7599429.html