/*
calc.cpp实现了计算机系统。开始时，他显示一个菜单，以选择计算器的类型。如果用户选择了
标准型计算器，则出现标准型计算器的菜单，而如果用户选择了科学性计算器，则出现科学计算器
的菜单，最后一个的选项是退出程序。
在标准计算器中，选项有加、减、乘、除等，而在科学计算器中，选项有求幂、阶乘、开方等。
在本程序中，定义了新旧计算器的宏开关，新计算器接受输入值，而旧计算器的操作数则是前次操
作的结果。
本项目没有考虑异常处理，所以输入输出时不要输入非数字字符串。
数据范围还不够大，将在往后进一步改进。
*/
//包含预处理宏和头文件的文件
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#define new_cal 1
#define old_cal 0
//stand_calc 类定义了标准计算器的函数
class stand_calc
{
/*标准计算器函数的原型。这些函数都是静态的，所以调用他们时，
只使用类名即可，没有必要创建该类的实例。*/
public:
static double addition(double,double);
static double substract(double,double);
static double multiplication(double,double);
static double division(double,double*);
static double modulus(double*,double*);
};
//science_calc类定义了科学型计算器的函数
class science_calc
{
public:
static double square(double);
static double cube(double);
static double power(double,double);
static double sq_root(double);
static long int fact(double);
static double sin_func(double);
static double cos_func(double);
static double tan_func(double);
};
double stand_calc::addition(double a, double b)
{
return (a+b);
}
double stand_calc::substract(double a, double b)
{
return (a-b);
}
double stand_calc::multiplication(double a, double b)
{
return (a*b);
}
/*除法函数将执行被除数和除数的相除，该函数有两个参数，其中一个是变量副本，
另一个是指针。之所以如此，是因为如果除数是0，则该函数将显示再次输入除数的
信息。使用指针后，再次输入的除数值也会在主函数中被更新。*/
double stand_calc::division(double a, double*b)
{
while(*b==0)
{
cout<<"
Cannot divide by zero"<<endl;
cout<<"
Enter the second number again:";
cin>>*b;
}
return (a/(*b));
}
/*求余函数将执行被除数和除数的相除，并返回除法的余数。和除法操作类似，它的
除数也不能为0。由于不能对双精度数求余，所以得先转换成整数。*/
double stand_calc::modulus(double* a, double*b)
{
while(*b==0)
{
cout<<"
Cannot divide by zero"<<endl;
cout<<"
Enter the second number again:";
cin>>*b;
}
int x=(int)*a;
int y=(int)*b;
if(*a-x>0||*b-y>0)
{
cout<<"
Converting decimal number into an integer to perform modulus";
}
*a=x;
*b=y;
return ((x)%(y));
}
//science_calcl类的函数声明由此开始
double science_calc::square(double x)
{
return (pow(x,2));
}
double science_calc::cube(double x)
{
return (pow(x,3));
}
double science_calc::power(double x,double y)
{
return (pow(x,y));
}
double science_calc::sq_root(double x)
{
return (sqrt(x));
}
long int science_calc::fact(double x)
{
int n=(int)x;
long int f=1;
while(n>1)
{
f*=n;
n--;
}
return f;
}
double science_calc::sin_func(double x)
{
return (sin(x));
}
double science_calc::cos_func(double x)
{
return (cos(x));
}
double science_calc::tan_func(double x)
{
return (tan(x));
}
int main()
{
double num1,num2,num3,temp;
int choice1=0,choice2,flag;
//主菜单的循环，程序从此开始，他将显示选择计算器类型的菜单
do
{
// clrsrc();//清除屏幕
system("cls");
cout<<"===============Type of Calculators===============";
cout<<"
1 Standard Calculator
2 Scientific Calculator
3 Quit"<<endl;
cin>>choice1;
flag=new_cal;
//根据主菜单中的输入选项，执行相应操作
switch(choice1)
{
case 1:
do
{
// clrscr();
system("cls");
cout<<"================Standard Calculator================";
cout<<"
1 Addition
2 Substraction
3 Multification
4 Division
5 Modulus
6 Return to Previous Menu
7 Quit";
//只有在旧计算器模式时，选项8才会显示，此时一个操作数已经存储在计算机的内存中
if(flag==old_cal)
{
cout<<"
8 Clear Memory";
}
cout<<"
Choose the type of calculator:"<<endl;
cin>>choice2;
switch(choice2)
{
case 1:
// 如果是新计算机模式，则接受第一个操作数，否则第一个操作数由上一次计算结果提供
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter first number:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
First num is"<<num1<<endl;
}
cout<<"Enter second number:";
cin>>num2;
num3=stand_calc::addition(num1,num2);
cout<<"
Addition of"<<num1<<" and"<<num2<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 2:
// 如果是新计算机模式，则接受第一个操作数，否则第一个操作数由上一次计算结果提供
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter first number:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
First num is"<<num1<<endl;
}
cout<<"Enter second number:";
cin>>num2;
num3=stand_calc::substract(num1,num2);
cout<<"
Substraction of"<<num1<<" from"<<num2<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 3:
// 如果是新计算机模式，则接受第一个操作数，否则第一个操作数由上一次计算结果提供
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter first number:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
First num is"<<num1<<endl;
}
cout<<"Enter second number:";
cin>>num2;
num3=stand_calc::multiplication(num1,num2);
cout<<"
Multification of"<<num1<<" and"<<num2<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 4:
// 如果是新计算机模式，则接受第一个操作数，否则第一个操作数由上一次计算结果提供
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter first number:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
First num is"<<num1<<endl;
}
cout<<"Enter second number:";
cin>>num2;
num3=stand_calc::division(num1,&num2);
cout<<"
Division of"<<num1<<" by"<<num2<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 5:
// 如果是新计算机模式，则接受第一个操作数，否则第一个操作数由上一次计算结果提供
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter first number:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
First num is"<<num1<<endl;
}
cout<<"Enter second number:";
cin>>num2;
num3=stand_calc::modulus(&num1,&num2);
cout<<"
Modulus of"<<num1<<" by"<<num2<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 6:
cout<<"
Returning to previous menu.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
break;
case 7:
cout<<"
Quitting......";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
exit(0);
case 8:
//如果是新计算机模式，则8是非法选项，否则8选项用以重启一个新的计算
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"
Invalid choice.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
}
else
{
temp=0;
flag=new_cal;
}
break;
default:
cout<<"
Invalid choice.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
break;
}
}while(choice2!=6);
break;
case 2:
do
{
// clrscr();
system("cls");
cout<<"================Scientific Calculator================";
cout<<"
1 Square
2 Cube
3 Power
4 Factorial
5 Sin
6 Cos
7 Tan
8 Return to previous menu
9 Quit";
//只有在旧计算器模式时，选项8才会显示，此时一个操作数已经存储在计算机的内存中
if(flag==old_cal)
{
cout<<"
10 Clear Memory";
}
cout<<"
Choose the type of calculator:"<<endl;
cin>>choice2;
switch(choice2)
{
case 1:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter number to find square:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
Number is"<<num1<<endl;
}
num3=science_calc::square(num1);
cout<<"
Square of"<<num1<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 2:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter number to find cube:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
Number is"<<num1<<endl;
}
num3=science_calc::cube(num1);
cout<<"
Cube of"<<num1<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 3:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter first number for base to find power:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
First number is"<<num1<<endl;
}
cout<<"Enter second number for base to fine power:";
cin>>num2;
num3=science_calc::power(num1,num2);
cout<<"
Power of"<<num1<<"to the power "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 4:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter number to find factorial:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
Number to find factorial is"<<num1<<endl;
}
num3=science_calc::fact(num1);
cout<<"
Factorial of"<<num1<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 5:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter number to find sin value:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
Number for sin value is"<<num1<<endl;
}
num3=science_calc::sin_func(num1);
cout<<"
Sin value of"<<num1<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 6:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter number to find cos value:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
Number for cos value is"<<num1<<endl;
}
num3=science_calc::cos_func(num1);
cout<<"
Cos value of"<<num1<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 7:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"Enter number to find tan value:";
cin>>num1;
}
else
{
num1=temp;
cout<<"
Number for tan value is"<<num1<<endl;
}
num3=science_calc::tan_func(num1);
cout<<"
Tan value of"<<num1<<" is "<<num3;
cout<<"
Press any key to continue......"<<endl;
getch();
temp=num3;
flag=old_cal;
break;
case 8:
cout<<"
Returning to previous menu.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
break;
case 9:
cout<<"
Quitting......";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
exit(0);
case 10:
if(flag==new_cal)
{
cout<<"
Invalid choice.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
}
else
{
temp=0;
flag=new_cal;
}
break;
default:
cout<<"
Invalid choice.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
break;
}
}while(choice2!=8);
break;
case 3:
cout<<"
Quitting......";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
break;
default:
cout<<"
Invalid choice.";
cout<<"
press any key to continue......";
getch();
break;
}
}while(choice1!=3);
return 0;
}
执行效果图如下（可以自己尝试）：
除了system("cls")清除屏幕的应用，我觉得突出的一点就是新旧计算模式。
该程序主要是函数的书写以及循环与条件的层层嵌入。
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