ELK日志分析平台搭建全过程

一、环境

系统：centos 6.5

JDK：1.8

Elasticsearch-5.2.2

Logstash-5.2.2

kibana-5.2.2

二、安装

1、安装JDK

下载JDK：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

本环境下载的是64位tar.gz包，将安装包拷贝至安装服务器/usr/local目录

[root@server~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# tar -xzvf jdk-8u111-linux-x64.tar.gz

配置环境变量

[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/profile

将下面的内容添加至文件末尾（假如服务器需要多个JDK版本，为了ELK不影响其它系统，也可以将环境变量的内容稍后添加到ELK的启动脚本中）

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111/jre
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME
export JRE_HOME

ulimit -u 4096

[root@server local]# source /etc/profile

配置limit相关参数

[root@server local]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
添加以下内容

* soft nproc 65536
* hard nproc 65536
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536

[root@server local]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.max_map_count=262144

[root@server local]# sysctl –p （y）

创建运行ELK的用户

[root@server local]# groupadd elasticsearch

[root@server local]# useradd -g elasticsearch elasticsearch

[root@server local]# mkdir /opt/elk

[root@server local]# chown elasticsearch. /opt/elk -R

2、安装ELK

以下由elasticsearch用户操作

以elasticsearch用户登录服务器

[root@server ~]# su - elasticsearch

下载ELK安装包：https://www.elastic.co/downloads，并上传到服务器且解压，解压命令：tar -xzvf 包名

kibana5.2.2 下载地址：https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/kibana/kibana-5.2.2-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

elasticsearch 下载地址：https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.2.2.tar.gz

logstash下载地址：https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/logstash/logstash-5.2.2.tar.gz

配置Elasticsearch(单节点ES)

[root@server elk]# cd elasticsearch-5.2.2

[root@server elasticsearch-5.2.2]# vim config/elasticsearch.yml

添加：

network.host: 192.168.1.124
http.port: 9200
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
action.auto_create_index: .security,.monitoring*,.watches,.triggered_watches,.watcher-history*,logstash*

elasticsearch 默认启动会使用2g内存,如果自己测试需修改配置文件

[root@server elasticsearch-5.2.2]# vim config/jvm.options

-Xms2g --> 256m
-Xmx2g --> 256m

启动 elasticsearch

[root@server elasticsearch-5.2.2]# ./bin/elasticsearch -d

注：启动完成后想看WEB端网页可以参考以下网站安装head插件

http://www.cnblogs.com/valor-xh/p/6293485.html?utm_source=itdadao&utm_medium=referral

安装logstash

[root@server logstash-5.2.2]# pwd
/opt/elk/logstash-5.2.2

[root@server logstash-5.2.2]# mkdir config.d

[root@server config.d]# vim nginx_accss.conf

input {
    file {
        path => [ "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log" ]
        start_position => "beginning"
        ignore_older => 0
        type => "nginx-access"
    }
}

filter {
    if [type] == "nginx-access" {
    grok {
        match => [
            "message","%{IPORHOST:clientip} %{NGUSER:ident} %{NGUSER:auth} [%{HTTPDATE:timestamp}] "%{WORD:verb} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP/%{NUMBER:httpversion}" %{NUMBER:response} (?:%{NUMBER:bytes}|-) %{QS:referrer} %{QS:agent} %{NOTSPACE:http_x_forwarded_for}"
        ]
    }

   urldecode {
       all_fields => true
   }

   date {
        locale => "en"
        match => ["timestamp" , "dd/MMM/YYYY:HH:mm:ss Z"]

   }
    geoip {
        source => "clientip"
        target => "geoip"
        database => "/opt/elk/logstash-5.2.2/data/GeoLite2-City.mmdb"
        add_field => [ "[geoip][coordinates]", "%{[geoip][longitude]}" ]
        add_field => [ "[geoip][coordinates]", "%{[geoip][latitude]}" ]
    }
    mutate {
        convert => [ "[geoip][coordinates]", "float" ]
        convert => [ "response","integer" ]
        convert => [ "bytes","integer" ]
        replace => { "type" => "nginx_access" }
        remove_field => "message"
   }
   }


}
output {
    elasticsearch {
        hosts => ["192.168.1.124:9200"]
        index => "logstash-nginx-access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    }
    stdout {codec => rubydebug}
}

简单说明：

logstash的配置文件须包含三个内容：

input{}：此模块是负责收集日志，可以从文件读取、从redis /kafka读取或者开启端口让产生日志的业务系统直接写入到logstash

filter{}：此模块是负责过滤收集到的日志，并根据过滤后对日志定义显示字段

output{}：此模块是负责将过滤后的日志输出到elasticsearch或者文件、redis等

logstash配置及说明： ELK系统分析Nginx日志并对数据进行可视化展示

测试配置文件是否有问题：

/opt/elk/logstash-5.2.2/bin/logstash -t -f /opt/elk/logstash-5.2.2/config.d/nginx_accss.conf

启动 logstash：

nohup /opt/elk/logstash-5.2.2/bin/logstash -f /opt/elk/logstash-5.2.2/config.d/nginx_accss.conf &

查看是否启动成功

tail -f nohup.out