015 --- 第19章 组合模式

简述:

  组合模式:将对象组合成树形结构以表示‘部分 - 整体‘的层次结构。组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。

  组合模式包括:树类、枝类、叶类。

    树类:组合中的对象声明接口,在适当的情况下,实现所有类共有接口的默认行为。声明一个接口用于访问和管理枝的子部件。

    枝类:定义有枝节点的行为,用来存储子部件,在树类接口中实现与子部件有关的操作。

    叶类:在组合中表示叶节点对象,叶节点没有子节点。

组合模式:

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <string>
  3 #include <list>
  4 using namespace std;
  5 
  6 // 树类
  7 class CComponent
  8 {
  9 protected:
 10     string m_szName;
 11 
 12 public:
 13     CComponent(string szName) { m_szName = szName; }
 14 
 15     virtual void Add(CComponent* pComponent) = 0;
 16     virtual void Remove(CComponent* pComponent) = 0;
 17     virtual void Display(int nDepth) = 0;
 18 };
 19 
 20 // 叶类
 21 class CLeaf : public CComponent
 22 {
 23 public:
 24     CLeaf(string szName) : CComponent(szName) {}
 25 
 26     void Add(CComponent* pComponent)
 27     {
 28         cout << "叶子结点不能增加子节点" << endl;
 29     }
 30 
 31     void Remove(CComponent* pComponent)
 32     {
 33         cout << "叶子结点不能删除子节点" << endl;
 34     }
 35 
 36     void Display(int nDepth)
 37     {
 38         string str(nDepth, '-');
 39         
 40         cout << str << m_szName << endl;
 41     }
 42 };
 43 
 44 // 枝类
 45 class CComposite : public CComponent
 46 {
 47 private:
 48     list<CComponent*> m_lstChildren;
 49 
 50 public:
 51     CComposite(string szName) : CComponent(szName) {};
 52 
 53     void Add(CComponent* pComponent) { m_lstChildren.push_back(pComponent); }
 54 
 55     void Remove(CComponent* pComponent) { m_lstChildren.remove(pComponent); }
 56 
 57     void Display(int nDepth)
 58     {
 59         string str(nDepth, '-');
 60 
 61         cout << str << m_szName << endl;
 62 
 63         for (CComponent* pComponent : m_lstChildren)
 64             pComponent->Display(nDepth + 2);
 65     }
 66 };
 67 
 68 int main()
 69 {
 70     CComposite root("root");
 71     CLeaf LeafA("Leaf A");
 72     root.Add(&LeafA);
 73     CLeaf LeafB("Leaf B");
 74     root.Add(&LeafB);
 75 
 76     CComposite compX("Composite X");
 77     CLeaf LeafXA("Leaf XA");
 78     compX.Add(&LeafXA);
 79     CLeaf LeafXB("Leaf XB");
 80     compX.Add(&LeafXB);
 81     root.Add(&compX);
 82 
 83     CComposite compY("Composite Y");
 84     CLeaf LeafYA("Leaf YA");
 85     compY.Add(&LeafYA);
 86     CLeaf LeafYB("Leaf YB");
 87     compY.Add(&LeafYB);
 88     root.Add(&compY);
 89 
 90     CLeaf LeafC("Leaf C");
 91     root.Add(&LeafC);
 92 
 93     CLeaf LeafD("Leaf D");
 94     root.Add(&LeafD);
 95     root.Remove(&LeafD);
 96 
 97     CLeaf LeafE("Leaf E");
 98     LeafD.Add(&LeafE);
 99 
100     root.Display(1);
101 
102     system("pause");
103     return 0;
104 }

输出结果:

例:公司组织结构

代码如下:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

// 抽象公司类(树类)
class CCompany
{
protected:
    string m_szName;

public:
    CCompany(string szName) { m_szName = szName; }

    virtual void Add(CCompany* pCompany) = 0;
    virtual void Remove(CCompany* pCompan) = 0;
    virtual void Display(int nDepth) = 0;
    virtual void LineOfDuty() = 0;
};

// 具体公司类(枝类)
class CConcreteCompany : public CCompany
{
private:
    list<CCompany*> m_lstChildren;

public:
    CConcreteCompany(string szName) : CCompany(szName) {}

    virtual void Add(CCompany* pCompany) { m_lstChildren.push_back(pCompany); }

    virtual void Remove(CCompany* pCompany) { m_lstChildren.remove(pCompany); }
    virtual void Display(int nDepth)
    {
        string str(nDepth, '-');
        
        cout << str << m_szName << endl;
        
        for (CCompany* pCompany : m_lstChildren)
            pCompany->Display(nDepth + 2);
    }

    virtual void LineOfDuty()
    {
        for (CCompany* pCompany : m_lstChildren)
            pCompany->LineOfDuty();
    }
};

// 人力资源部(叶类)
class CHRDepartment : public CCompany
{
public:
    CHRDepartment(string szName) : CCompany(szName) {}

    virtual void Add(CCompany* pCompany) {}

    virtual void Remove(CCompany* pCompany) {}

    virtual void Display(int nDepth)
    {
        string str(nDepth, '-');

        cout << str << m_szName << endl;
    }

    virtual void LineOfDuty()
    {
        cout << m_szName << ":员工招聘培训管理" << endl;
    }
};

// 财务部
class CFinanceDepartment : public CCompany
{
public:
    CFinanceDepartment(string szName) : CCompany(szName) {}

    virtual void Add(CCompany* pCompany) {}

    virtual void Remove(CCompany* pCompany) {}

    virtual void Display(int nDepth)
    {
        string str(nDepth, '-');

        cout << str << m_szName << endl;
    }

    virtual void LineOfDuty()
    {
        cout << m_szName << ":公司财务收支管理" << endl;
    }
};


int main()
{
    CConcreteCompany root("北京总公司");
    CHRDepartment HRDepartment1("总公司人力资源部");
    root.Add(&HRDepartment1);
    CFinanceDepartment FinanceDepartment1("总公司财务部");
    root.Add(&FinanceDepartment1);

    CConcreteCompany comp("上海华东分公司");
    CHRDepartment HRDepartment2("华东分公司人力资源部");
    comp.Add(&HRDepartment2);
    CFinanceDepartment FinanceDepartment2("华东分公司财务部");
    comp.Add(&FinanceDepartment2);
    root.Add(&comp);

    CConcreteCompany comp1("南京办事处");
    CHRDepartment HRDepartment3("南京办事处人力资源部");
    comp1.Add(&HRDepartment3);
    CFinanceDepartment FinanceDepartment3("南京办事处财务部");
    comp1.Add(&FinanceDepartment3);
    root.Add(&comp1);

    CConcreteCompany comp2("杭州办事处");
    CHRDepartment HRDepartment4("杭州办事处人力资源部");
    comp2.Add(&HRDepartment4);
    CFinanceDepartment FinanceDepartment4("杭州办事处财务部");
    comp2.Add(&FinanceDepartment4);
    root.Add(&comp2);

    cout << endl << "结构图:" << endl;
    root.Display(1);

    cout << endl << "职责:" << endl;
    root.LineOfDuty();

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

输出结果:

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/SmallAndGreat/p/13614185.html