PyQt5学习笔记-从主窗体打开一个子窗体

软件环境：

Eric6+Python3.5+PyQt5

试验目标：

1.点击菜单项Open，打开一个子窗体

2.点击按钮Open，打开一个子窗体

主窗体设计：

1、增加一个菜单项Open

2、增加一个按钮Open

子窗体设计：

1、只放一个按钮Exit

设计步骤

1、创建主窗体

启动Eric6,点击顶部菜单Project，点击New，给出Project Name，同时设置项目路径，然后点下面的OK按钮

2、点击如下图的1图标，然后点New form

3、Select a form type，选择Main Window

4.文件名，设置为mainWindow,保存后，则是MainWindow.ui

5、增加菜单，在窗体区域，点鼠标右键，点“创建菜单栏”，这里只增加一个主菜单项File，两个子菜单项Open和Exit

6、在窗体上放置一个按钮Open，从左侧栏找到push button，拖拽到窗体上，修改按钮属性，objectName:btn_Open，Text：Open

7、然后点左上角的保存按钮，关闭Qt Designer

8、增加第子窗体，参照前面第2步，点New form，然后Select a form type，选择Widget,文件名：ChildForm.ui

9、在这个子窗体上增加一个按钮Exit ，从左侧栏拖一个push button,调整按钮大小，修改属性，objectName:btn_Exit，Text：Exit

点左上角的保存按钮，保存这个窗体文件，然后关闭Qt Designer

10、编译窗体，从XXX.ui文件生成ui_XXX.py文件

依次选中这两个文件，点鼠标右键，点Compile form

点窗体左侧的页签图标，可以看到增加了两个文件:Ui_MainWindow.py、Ui_ChildForm.py

11、Ui_MainWindow.py和Ui_ChildForm.py是界面文件，下面增加业务逻辑文件

点页签图标，选中MainWindow.ui文件，点鼠标右键，点选Generate Dialog Code菜单项

12、点New 按钮，className 为MainWindow,然后点OK按钮

13、绑定槽函数，

1)、绑定菜单项槽函数，选择on_ActionXXX_triggered()

依次点开actionExit(QAction)、actionOpen(QAction)，勾选onAction_Exit_triggered()、onAction_Open_triggered()

2)、绑定按钮槽函数，点开btn_Open(QPushButton),勾选on_btn_Open_clicked()

3)、给子窗体绑定槽函数，选中Ui_ChildForm.ui，点鼠标右键，选中Generate Dialog Code菜单项，className命名为ChildForm

勾选on_btn_Exit_clicked()

14、重新编译两个窗体文件

选中一个ui文件，然后点鼠标右键，点选Compile all forms,生成代码文件

点页签，则可以看到，系统新增了两个文件MainWindow.py和ChildForm.py

15、开始完善代码

双击MainWindow.py，打开这个文件，编辑代码，进行相应完善，项目启动，从MainWindow.py进行启动，需要实例化窗体界面类，包括主窗体和子窗体

修改内容：

1)、把.Ui_MainWindow前面的点号去掉，不然运行会报错

2)、导入子窗体

增加语句：from Ui_ChildForm import Ui_ChildForm

16、附相关文件的代码：

1）、MainWindow.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Module implementing MainWindow.
"""

from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QWidget 
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets

from Ui_MainWindow import Ui_MainWindow
from Ui_ChildForm import Ui_ChildForm


class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    """
    Class documentation goes here.
    """
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        """
        Constructor
        
        @param parent reference to the parent widget
        @type QWidget
        """
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_btn_Open_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        #raise NotImplementedError
        ch.show()
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_actionOpen_triggered(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        #raise NotImplementedError
        ch.show()
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_actionExit_triggered(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        #raise NotImplementedError
        sys.exit(0)
        
class ChildForm(QWidget, Ui_ChildForm):
    def __init__(self):
        #super(QWidget, self).__init__(parent)
        super(QWidget, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.btn_Exit.clicked.connect(self.close)
        
if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    
    #实例化主窗体
    mainForm = MainWindow()
    
    #显示主窗体
    mainForm.show()
    
    #实例化子窗体
    ch=ChildForm()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2)、Ui_MainWindow.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'C:WorkPythonPyQt5TestMainWindow.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
        self.centralWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralWidget.setObjectName("centralWidget")
        self.btn_Open = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralWidget)
        self.btn_Open.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 120, 81, 31))
        self.btn_Open.setObjectName("btn_Open")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.menuBar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menuBar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 23))
        self.menuBar.setObjectName("menuBar")
        self.menuFile = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menuBar)
        self.menuFile.setObjectName("menuFile")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menuBar)
        self.actionOpen = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionOpen.setObjectName("actionOpen")
        self.actionExit = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionExit.setObjectName("actionExit")
        self.menuFile.addAction(self.actionOpen)
        self.menuFile.addAction(self.actionExit)
        self.menuBar.addAction(self.menuFile.menuAction())

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.btn_Open.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Open"))
        self.menuFile.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "File"))
        self.actionOpen.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Open"))
        self.actionExit.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

3)、ChildForm.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Module implementing ChildForm.
"""

from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget

from Ui_ChildForm import Ui_Form


class ChildForm(QWidget, Ui_Form):
    """
    Class documentation goes here.
    """
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        """
        Constructor
        
        @param parent reference to the parent widget
        @type QWidget
        """
        super(ChildForm, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
    
    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_btn_Exit_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        # TODO: not implemented yet
        raise NotImplementedError

4)、Ui_ChildForm.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'C:WorkPythonPyQt5TestChildForm.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_ChildForm(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(400, 300)
        self.btn_Exit = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
        self.btn_Exit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(140, 110, 91, 41))
        self.btn_Exit.setObjectName("btn_Exit")

        self.retranslateUi(Form)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

    def retranslateUi(self, Form):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))
        self.btn_Exit.setText(_translate("Form", "Exit"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Form = QtWidgets.QWidget()
    ui = Ui_ChildForm()
    ui.setupUi(Form)
    Form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

本示例测试可以运行:

运行，点击顶部的运行图标

设置运行使用的Python解释器及命令行，Python 本项目MainWindow.py的路径,点OK按钮

运行结果：

点菜单项里的Open或点Open按钮，则弹出子窗体

点子窗体里的Exit按钮，则关闭子窗体

代码下载,百度网盘分享:
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1LzUVY2uPggEktCtACwC-JQ

提取码：i0qq