（转载）http://www.cnblogs.com/tfe/articles/164205.html
础知识
2005年5月2日22:25星期一 [ Dhtml ]
有些时候你精通一门语言，但是会发现你其实整天在和其它语言打交道，也许你以为这些微不足道，不至于影响你的开发进度，但恰恰是这些你不重视的东西会浪费你很多时间，我一直以为我早在几年前就已经精通JavaScript了，直到目前，我才越来越觉得JavaScript远比我想象的复杂和强大，我开始崇拜它，就像崇拜所有OOP语言一样～
趁着节日的空隙，把有关JavaScript的方法和技巧整理下，让每个在为JavaScript而烦恼的人明白，JavaScript就这么回事！并希望JavaScript还可以成为你的朋友，让你豁然开朗，在项目中更好的应用～
1 创建脚本块
2 隐藏脚本代码
在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码
3 浏览器不支持的时候显示
4 链接外部脚本文件
5 注释脚本
6 输出到浏览器
7 定义变量
8 字符串相加
9 字符串搜索
10 字符串替换
11 格式化字串
12 创建数组
13 数组排序
14 分割字符串
15 弹出警告信息
16 弹出确认框
17 定义函数
18 调用JS函数
19 在页面加载完成后执行函数
20 条件判断
21 指定次数循环
22 设定将来执行
23 定时执行函数
24 取消定时执行
25 在页面卸载时候执行函数
趁着节日的空隙，把有关JavaScript的方法和技巧整理下，让每个在为JavaScript而烦恼的人明白，JavaScript就这么回事！并希望JavaScript还可以成为你的朋友，让你豁然开朗，在项目中更好的应用～
适合阅读范围：对JavaScript一无所知～离精通只差一步之遥的人
基础知识：HTML
基础知识：HTML
1 创建脚本块
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: JavaScript code goes here
3: </script> 2 隐藏脚本代码
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: document.write(“Hello”);
4: // -->
5: </script> 在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码
3 浏览器不支持的时候显示
1: <noscript>
2: Hello to the non-JavaScript browser.
3: </noscript> 4 链接外部脚本文件
1: <script language=”JavaScript” src=”filename.js”></script> 5 注释脚本
1: // This is a comment
2: document.write(“Hello”); // This is a comment
3: /*
4: All of this
5: is a comment
6: */ 6 输出到浏览器
1: document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”); 7 定义变量
1: var myVariable = “some value”; 8 字符串相加
1: var myString = “String1” + “String2”; 9 字符串搜索
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;
4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”);
5: document.write(therePlace);
6: // -->
7: </script> 10 字符串替换
1: thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”); 11 格式化字串
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;
4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>”);
5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>”);
6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>”);
7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>”);
8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br>”);
9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br>”);
10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>”);
11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>”);
12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>”);
13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>”);
14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>”);
15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>”);
16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>”);
17:
18: var firstString = “My String”;
19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);
20: // -->
21: </script> 12 创建数组
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(5);
4: myArray[0] = “First Entry”;
5: myArray[1] = “Second Entry”;
6: myArray[2] = “Third Entry”;
7: myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”;
8: myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”;
9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”);
10: // -->
11: </script> 13 数组排序
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(5);
4: myArray[0] = “z”;
5: myArray[1] = “c”;
6: myArray[2] = “d”;
7: myArray[3] = “a”;
8: myArray[4] = “q”;
9: document.write(myArray.sort());
10: // -->
11: </script> 14 分割字符串
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”;
4: var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”);
5: document.write(stringArray[0]);
6: document.write(stringArray[1]);
7: document.write(stringArray[2]);
8: document.write(stringArray[3]);
9: // -->
10: </script> 15 弹出警告信息
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: window.alert(“Hello”);
4: // -->
5: </script> 16 弹出确认框
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”);
4: // -->
5: </script> 17 定义函数
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: function multiple(number1,number2) {
4: var result = number1 * number2;
5: return result;
6: }
7: // -->
8: </script> 18 调用JS函数
1: <a href=”#” onClick=”functionName()”>Link text</a>
2: <a href=”javascript:functionName()”>Link text</a> 19 在页面加载完成后执行函数
1: <body onLoad=”functionName();”>
2: Body of the page
3: </body> 20 条件判断
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”);
4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”;
5: document.write(result);
6: // -->
7: </script> 21 指定次数循环
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(3);
4: myArray[0] = “Item 0”;
5: myArray[1] = “Item 1”;
6: myArray[2] = “Item 2”;
7: for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {
8: document.write(myArray[i] + “<br>”);
9: }
10: // -->
11: </script> 22 设定将来执行
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello”);
5: }
6: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
7: // -->
8: </script> 23 定时执行函数
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello”);
5: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
6: }
7: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
8: // -->
9: </script> 24 取消定时执行
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello”);
5: }
6: var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);
8: // -->
9: </script> 25 在页面卸载时候执行函数
1: <body onUnload=”functionName();”>
2: Body of the page
3: </body>
JavaScript就这么回事2：浏览器输出
2005年5月2日23:05星期一 [ Dhtml ]
26 访问document对象
27 动态输出HTML
28 输出换行
29 输出日期
30 指定日期的时区
31 设置日期输出格式
32 读取URL参数
你还以为HTML是无状态的么？
33 打开一个新的document对象
34 页面跳转
35 添加网页加载进度窗口
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var myURL = document.URL;
3: window.alert(myURL);
4: </script> 27 动态输出HTML
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>”);
3: document.write(“<ul>”);
4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>”);
5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>”);
6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>”);
7: document.write(“</ul>”);
8: </script> 28 输出换行
1: document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);
2: document.writeln(“b”); 29 输出日期
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: document.write(thisDate.toString());
4: </script> 30 指定日期的时区
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var myOffset = -2;
3: var currentDate = new Date();
4: var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;
5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;
6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);
7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());
8: </script> 31 设置日期输出格式
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes();
4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();
5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);
6: </script> 32 读取URL参数
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”);
3: var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&”);
4: for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {
5: var pairParts = parameterParts[i].split(“=”);
6: var pairName = pairParts[0];
7: var pairValue = pairParts[1];
8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );
9: }
10: </script> 33 打开一个新的document对象
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: function newDocument() {
3: document.open();
4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>”);
5: document.close();
6: }
7: </script> 34 页面跳转
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.location = “http://www.liu21st.com/”;
3: </script> 35 添加网页加载进度窗口
1: <html>
2: <head>
3: <script language='javaScript'>
4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');
5: </script>
6: <title>The Main Page</title>
7: </head>
8: <body onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>
9: <p>This is the main page</p>
10: </body>
11: </html>
JavaScript就这么回事3：图像
2005年5月2日23:34星期一 [ Dhtml ]
36 读取图像属性
37 动态加载图像
38 简单的图像替换
39 随机显示图像
40 函数实现的图像替换
41 创建幻灯片
42 随机广告图片
1: <img src=”image1.jpg” name=”myImage”>
2: <a href=”# ” onClick=”window.alert(document.myImage.width)”>Width</a>
3: 37 动态加载图像
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: myImage = new Image;
3: myImage.src = “Tellers1.jpg”;
4: </script> 38 简单的图像替换
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: rollImage = new Image;
3: rollImage.src = “rollImage1.jpg”;
4: defaultImage = new Image;
5: defaultImage.src = “image1.jpg”;
6: </script>
7: <a href=”myUrl” onMouseOver=”document.myImage.src = rollImage.src;”
8: onMouseOut=”document.myImage.src = defaultImage.src;”>
9: <img src=”image1.jpg” name=”myImage” width=100 height=100 border=0> 39 随机显示图像
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var imageList = new Array;
3: imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”;
4: imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”;
5: imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”;
6: imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”;
7: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
8: document.write(‘<img src=”’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“>’);
9: </script> 40 函数实现的图像替换
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var source = 0;
3: var replacement = 1;
4: function createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) {
5: var imageArray = new Array;
6: imageArray[source] = new Image;
7: imageArray[source].src = originalImage;
8: imageArray[replacement] = new Image;
9: imageArray[replacement].src = replacementImage;
10: return imageArray;
11: }
12: var rollImage1 = createRollOver(“image1.jpg”,”rollImage1.jpg”);
13: </script>
14: <a href=”#” onMouseOver=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[replacement].src;”
15: onMouseOut=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[source].src;”>
16: <img src=”image1.jpg” width=100 name=”myImage1” border=0>
17: </a> 41 创建幻灯片
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var imageList = new Array;
3: imageList[0] = new Image;
4: imageList[0].src = “image1.jpg”;
5: imageList[1] = new Image;
6: imageList[1].src = “image2.jpg”;
7: imageList[2] = new Image;
8: imageList[2].src = “image3.jpg”;
9: imageList[3] = new Image;
10: imageList[3].src = “image4.jpg”;
11: function slideShow(imageNumber) {
12: document.slideShow.src = imageList[imageNumber].src;
13: imageNumber += 1;
14: if (imageNumber < imageList.length) {
15: window.setTimeout(“slideShow(“ + imageNumber + “)”,3000);
16: }
17: }
18: </script>
19: </head>
20: <body onLoad=”slideShow(0)”>
21: <img src=”image1.jpg” width=100 name=”slideShow”> 42 随机广告图片
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var imageList = new Array;
3: imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”;
4: imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”;
5: imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”;
6: imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”;
7: var urlList = new Array;
8: urlList[0] = “http://some.host/”;
9: urlList[1] = “http://another.host/”;
10: urlList[2] = “http://somewhere.else/”;
11: urlList[3] = “http://right.here/”;
12: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
13: document.write(‘<a href=”’ + urlList[imageChoice] + ‘“><img src=”’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“></a>’);
14: </script>
JavaScript就这么回事4：表单
2005年5月17日22:33星期二 [ Dhtml ]
还是先继续写完JS就这么回事系列吧～
43 表单构成
44 访问表单中的文本框内容
45 动态复制文本框内容
46 侦测文本框的变化
47 访问选中的Select
48 动态增加Select项
49 验证表单字段
50 验证Select项
51 动态改变表单的action
52 使用图像按钮
53 表单数据的加密
上面的encryptForm方法把表单中的数据转换为编码，在提交表单之前完成了简单的表单数据加密～
43 表单构成
1: <form method=”post” action=”target.html” name=”thisForm”>
2: <input type=”text” name=”myText”>
3: <select name=”mySelect”>
4: <option value=”1”>First Choice</option>
5: <option value=”2”>Second Choice</option>
6: </select>
7: <br>
8: <input type=”submit” value=”Submit Me”>
9: </form> 44 访问表单中的文本框内容
1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: <input type=”text” name=”myText”>
3: </form>
4: <a href='#' onClick='window.alert(document.myForm.myText.value);'>Check Text Field</a> 45 动态复制文本框内容
1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: Enter some Text: <input type=”text” name=”myText”><br>
3: Copy Text: <input type=”text” name=”copyText”>
4: </form>
5: <a href=”#” onClick=”document.myForm.copyText.value =
6: document.myForm.myText.value;”>Copy Text Field</a> 46 侦测文本框的变化
1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: Enter some Text: <input type=”text” name=”myText” onChange=”alert(this.value);”>
3: </form> 47 访问选中的Select
1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: <select name=”mySelect”>
3: <option value=”First Choice”>1</option>
4: <option value=”Second Choice”>2</option>
5: <option value=”Third Choice”>3</option>
6: </select>
7: </form>
8: <a href='#' onClick='alert(document.myForm.mySelect.value);'>Check Selection List</a> 48 动态增加Select项
1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: <select name=”mySelect”>
3: <option value=”First Choice”>1</option>
4: <option value=”Second Choice”>2</option>
5: </select>
6: </form>
7: <script language=”JavaScript”>
8: document.myForm.mySelect.length++;
9: document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].text = “3”;
10: document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].value = “Third Choice”;
11: </script> 49 验证表单字段
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: function checkField(field) {
3: if (field.value == “”) {
4: window.alert(“You must enter a value in the field”);
5: field.focus();
6: }
7: }
8: </script>
9: <form name=”myForm” action=”target.html”>
10: Text Field: <input type=”text” name=”myField”onBlur=”checkField(this)”>
11: <br><input type=”submit”>
12: </form> 50 验证Select项
1: function checkList(selection) {
2: if (selection.length == 0) {
3: window.alert(“You must make a selection from the list.”);
4: return false;
5: }
6: return true;
7: } 51 动态改变表单的action
1: <form name=”myForm” action=”login.html”>
2: Username: <input type=”text” name=”username”><br>
3: Password: <input type=”password” name=”password”><br>
4: <input type=”button” value=”Login” onClick=”this.form.submit();”>
5: <input type=”button” value=”Register” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘register.html’; this.form.submit();”>
6: <input type=”button” value=”Retrieve Password” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘password.html’; this.form.submit();”>
7: </form> 52 使用图像按钮
1: <form name=”myForm” action=”login.html”>
2: Username: <input type=”text” name=”username”><br>
3: Password: <input type=”password”name=”password”><br>
4: <input type=”image” src=”login.gif” value=”Login”>
5: </form>
6: 53 表单数据的加密
1: <SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>
2: <!--
3: function encrypt(item) {
4: var newItem = '';
5: for (i=0; i < item.length; i++) {
6: newItem += item.charCodeAt(i) + '.';
7: }
8: return newItem;
9: }
10: function encryptForm(myForm) {
11: for (i=0; i < myForm.elements.length; i++) {
12: myForm.elements[i].value = encrypt(myForm.elements[i].value);
13: }
14: }
15:
16: //-->
17: </SCRIPT>
18: <form name='myForm' onSubmit='encryptForm(this); window.alert(this.myField.value);'>
19: Enter Some Text: <input type=text name=myField><input type=submit>
20: </form> 上面的encryptForm方法把表单中的数据转换为编码，在提交表单之前完成了简单的表单数据加密～
JavaScript就这么回事5：窗口和框架
2005年5月17日23:16星期二 [ Dhtml ]
54 改变浏览器状态栏文字提示
55 弹出确认提示框
56 提示输入
57 打开一个新窗口
58 设置新窗口的大小
59 设置新窗口的位置
60 是否显示工具栏和滚动栏
61 是否可以缩放新窗口的大小
62 加载一个新的文档到当前窗口
63 设置页面的滚动位置
64 在IE中打开全屏窗口
65 新窗口和父窗口的操作
66 往新窗口中写内容
67 加载页面到框架页面
68 在框架页面之间共享脚本
如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本
那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法
69 数据公用
可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用
这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable
70 框架代码库
根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.status = “A new status message”;
3: </script> 55 弹出确认提示框
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Click OK or Cancel”);
3: if (userChoice) {
4: document.write(“You chose OK”);
5: } else {
6: document.write(“You chose Cancel”);
7: }
8: </script> 56 提示输入
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var userName = window.prompt(“Please Enter Your Name”,”Enter Your Name Here”);
3: document.write(“Your Name is “ + userName);
4: </script> 57 打开一个新窗口
1: //打开一个名称为myNewWindow的浏览器新窗口
2: <script language=”JavaScript”>
3: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”);
4: </script> 58 设置新窗口的大小
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300');
3: </script> 59 设置新窗口的位置
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300,left=200,screenX=200,top=100,screenY=100');
3: </script> 60 是否显示工具栏和滚动栏
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open(“http: 61 是否可以缩放新窗口的大小
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open('http://www.liu21st.com/' , 'myNewWindow', 'resizable=yes' );</script> 62 加载一个新的文档到当前窗口
1: <a href='#' onClick='document.location = '125a.html';' >Open New Document</a> 63 设置页面的滚动位置
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: if (document.all) { //如果是IE浏览器则使用scrollTop属性
3: document.body.scrollTop = 200;
4: } else { //如果是NetScape浏览器则使用pageYOffset属性
5: window.pageYOffset = 200;
6: }</script> 64 在IE中打开全屏窗口
1: <a href='#' onClick=”window.open('http://www.juxta.com/','newWindow','fullScreen=yes');”>Open a full-screen window</a> 65 新窗口和父窗口的操作
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: //定义新窗口
3: var newWindow = window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”);
4: newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口
5: </script>
6: 在新窗口中关闭父窗口
7: window.opener.close() 66 往新窗口中写内容
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var newWindow = window.open(“”,”newWindow”);
3: newWindow.document.open();
4: newWindow.document.write(“This is a new window”);
5: newWIndow.document.close();
6: </script> 67 加载页面到框架页面
1: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>
2: <frame name=”frame1” src=”135a.html”>
3: <frame name=”frame2” src=”about:blank”>
4: </frameset>
5: 在frame1中加载frame2中的页面
6: parent.frame2.document.location = “135b.html”; 68 在框架页面之间共享脚本
如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本
1: function doAlert() {
2: window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);
3: } 1: <body onLoad=”parent.frame1.doAlert();”>
2: This is frame 2.
3: </body> 69 数据公用
可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent value”;
3: </script>
4: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>
5: <frame name=”frame1” src=”138a.html”>
6: <frame name=”frame2” src=”138b.html”>
7: </frameset> 这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable
70 框架代码库
根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库
1: <frameset cols=”0,50%,*”>
2: <frame name=”codeFrame” src=”140code.html”>
3: <frame name=”frame1” src=”140a.html”>
4: <frame name=”frame2” src=”140b.html”>
5: </frameset>