通过IDEA创建SpringMVC项目记录

最近学习spring,小白一个,把创建项目和配置的过程记录一下

准备工作

  • 准备maven,配置maven的库路径,主要是修改.m2的repository路径和setting.xml的配置路径
  • IDEA新建maven项目,不要勾选其他框架,默认就好,给项目起名
  • 进入项目,右键add framework support,选择web4.0框架,生成WEB-INF路径
  • 进入pom.xml,给maven添加依赖,注意IDEA右下角有个自动导入,勾选后导入会方便很多:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kb</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmvc1.0</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!--springframework-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>
  • 进入web.xml,添加配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">


    <!--1.注册servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置,进行关联-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- 启动顺序,数字越小,启动越早 -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!--所有请求都会被springmvc拦截 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
  • 进入/src/main/resources下面,添加一个springmvc的配置文件,即web.xml里的配置文件:springmvc-servlet.xml,内容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 自动扫描包,让指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kb.controller"/>
    <!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!--
    支持mvc注解驱动
        在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
        要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。
     -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

</beans>

注意最上边<context:component-scan base-package="com.kb.controller"/>指定了扫描的包名,这里后面要创建的包要保持一致,可以后面再添加。

添加代码

  • 添加类MyController:
package com.kb.controller;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController
{
	@RequestMapping("/controller1")
	public String controllerFunc1(Model m)
	{
		m.addAttribute("msg","hello controller 1");
		return "test";
	}
	@RequestMapping("/controller2")
	public String controllerFunc2(Model m)
	{
		m.addAttribute("msg","hello controller 2");
		return "test";
	}
	@RequestMapping("/controller3")
	public String controllerFunc3(Model m)
	{
		m.addAttribute("msg","hello controller 3");
		return "test";
	}
}

这里使用注解的方式,有三个方法可以被前端调用,分别为controllerFunc1controllerFunc2controllerFunc3;URL分别为http://localhost:8080/controller1http://localhost:8080/controller2http://localhost:8080/controller3。由于springmvc-servlet.xml里配置了web访问的路径前缀包括jsp,因此在WEB-INFO路径下添加jsp文件夹,并创建test.jsp文件。

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: KingBoy
  Date: 2021/11/14
  Time: 19:03
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

部署

  • 到这里项目部分完成。配置部署环境。打开configuration,配置Tomcat路径,不要用太新的Tomcat,7 8 什么的都可以。deployment里添加项目。

  • configuration右边有个小文件夹按钮,即project structure配置,进到artifact里,在WEB-INFO里面添加一个lib文件夹,将maven的库都添加,否则会有404错误。

  • 启动项目。OK

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/RegressionWorldLine/p/15552911.html